Article
Information Science & Library Science
David Paulus, Gerdien de Vries, Marijn Janssen, Bartel Van de Walle
Summary: The complex and uncertain environment of humanitarian response to crises can lead to data bias, which can affect decision-making. Despite the potential impact on crisis response, evidence of data bias in crisis information management remains scattered. Through interviews and document analysis focused on the Yemen conflict, we found evidence of a cycle of bias reinforcement in crisis response. Researchers and practitioners need to consider these biases and reinforcement loops as they influence data collection, sharing, and use.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Business
Susi Geiger, Ilaria Galasso, Nora Hangel, Federica Lucivero, Gemma Watts
Summary: This paper utilizes the ethics of care to examine the ethical tensions faced by citizens during grocery shopping in the Covid-19 pandemic. The study reveals that the pandemic has transformed shopping spaces into fearful and vulnerable places, creating an opportunity for individuals to respond to ethical demands through situated ethical reasoning. The authors argue for a practical ethos of care that involves seemingly small decisions to foster a sense of care with society.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Shenuka Singh, Keymanthri Moodley
Summary: The study revealed inconsistencies in stakeholder understanding of the ethico-legal considerations related to biobanking in South Africa. A need for ongoing ethics capacity development among stakeholders was identified. Improving understanding of the ethics of biobanking could be facilitated by acknowledging the disconnect created by biosamples in the relationship between biobank researchers and donors.
BMC MEDICAL ETHICS
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Hannah Brown, Almudena Mari Saez
Summary: The article explores the impact of the social and physical separation measures introduced during the Ebola outbreak in West Africa on people's lives and social relations. These measures changed the trust and distance between individuals and transformed social connections. The study aims to provide insights into how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the ways people relate to and care for others.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stanley Chinedu Eneh, Sofya Admad, Abubakar Nazir, Francisca Ogochukwu Onukansi, Alese Oluwatobi, David Chinaecherem Innocent, Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo
Summary: The war in Syria has devastated the country's essential facilities for healthy living, making it vulnerable to cholera outbreaks. We argue for implementing water and sanitation infrastructure, education campaigns, and vaccination coverage to reduce the incidence of cholera. Improving the national surveillance systems and seeking a lasting solution to the war are also important.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Ethics
Ning Wang, Markus Christen, Matthew Hunt
Summary: This study explores the rapid emergence of using drones in humanitarian action over the past decade and the ethical considerations associated with it. The results identified 11 key areas of concern related to humanitarian drones, including minimizing harm, maximizing welfare, justice, respect, and regulatory issues. The findings can help to guide further analysis and practice of drone use in humanitarian settings.
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel T. Boland, Dina Balabanova, Susannah Mayhew
Summary: This study found that the hierarchical Ebola response centres effectively eased civil-military relationships and increased efficiency through the use of 'rule-bound niches', 'neutral zones', 'co-dependence', and 'hybridity'. Additionally, the centres were inclusive spaces that further increased efficiency through decentralisation and localisation of interventions, catering mainly to privileged groups in limited ways. This suggests that an 'inclusive hierarchical coordination' could be a viable and ethical strategy for future public health emergency responses, allowing for the inclusion of typically marginalized local actors while improving operational efficiency.
GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Ina Friesen
Summary: This paper analyzes the significance of specific ethical experiences for the motivation of humanitarian aid workers. By examining James Orbinski's memoir, it highlights the experiential origins of humanitarian commitment and emphasizes the intersection of personal and professional levels in humanitarian work.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. R. W. Tipton, Y. Hall, J. A. Bore, A. White, L. S. Sibley, C. Sarfas, Y. Yuki, M. Martin, S. Longet, J. Mellors, K. Ewer, S. Guenther, M. Carrington, M. K. Konde, M. W. Carroll
Summary: This study identified and described T cell epitopes in survivors, showing T cell responses to the EBOV glycoprotein. The research revealed potential epitopes able to elicit a T cell response and demonstrate important immunodominant properties in EBOV survivors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Lars Wicke, Mandeep K. Dhami, Dilek Oenkal, Ian K. Belton
Summary: The Syrian civil war has resulted in a humanitarian crisis with millions of Syrians fleeing the country. By examining scenarios and forecasts, decision-makers can gain valuable insights to tackle such crises. Brainstorming provides a simple and quick method to generate scenarios and forecasts, aiding decision-makers in addressing humanitarian emergencies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FORECASTING
(2022)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeff Clyde G. Corpuz
Summary: A recently published correspondence proposed a solution for survival in Indonesia during the pandemic crisis using a spiritual-philosophical perspective. However, this approach may be too exclusive and limiting in its application. Alternative approaches from a multidisciplinary and multisectoral perspective should also be considered. This paper suggests adopting the principle of 'human dignity' as an inclusive approach to humanitarian crises.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniele Lantagne, Lilian Lehmann, Travis Yates, Karin Gallandat, Mustafa Sikder, Marta Domini, Gabrielle String
Summary: The multi-country, mixed-methods studies conducted in humanitarian settings have shown that WASH interventions can reduce disease transmission risk, but effectiveness varies and implementation factors are crucial. Successful strategies include collaborative evaluation with partners, obtaining rapid approvals, and maintaining consistent research methodologies.
Review
Virology
Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Lukman Lawal, Emily Meale, Oyinbolaji A. Ajetunmobi, Soyemi Toluwalashe, Uthman Hassan Alao, Shankhaneel Ghosh, Neil Garg, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Andrew Awuah Wireko, Aashna Mehta, Kateryna Sikora
Summary: The Ebola virus has caused multiple outbreaks in Africa with high fatality rates. Social factors such as human mobility, behavior, and cultural norms contribute to the transmission risk. However, challenges including lagging vaccine production pose a risk of another outbreak.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Mingming Cheng
Summary: This research examines how social media can be utilized for mobilizing tourism support in times of crisis, and finds that users can regain their agency through tourism during crises.
CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob S. Sherkow, Katharine B. Barker, Irus Braverman, Robert Cook-Deegan, Richard Durbin, Carla L. Easter, Melissa M. Goldstein, Maui Hudson, W. John Kress, Harris A. Lewin, Debra J. H. Mathews, Catherine McCarthy, Ann M. McCartney, Manuela da Silva, Andrew W. Torrance, Henry T. Greely
Summary: The Earth BioGenome Project (EBP) aims to obtain whole-genome sequences of all eukaryotic species on Earth. This paper, from the EBP's Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues (ELSI) Committee, highlights the legal, ethical, and social concerns faced by the project, including issues related to sample collection, international treaties, intellectual property, and biosecurity. The paper also discusses the ethical implications of sampling from indigenous territories, protecting endangered species, and cross-border collections. The authors conclude by providing a starting point for addressing these issues and considering ethical frameworks for future projects.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)