Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Harsh Shah, Fereshteh Dehghani, Marjan Ramezan, Ritchel B. Gannaban, Zobayda Farzana Haque, Fatemeh Rahimi, Soheil Abbasi, Andrew C. Shin
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common type of dementia that causes memory loss, impaired thinking, and difficulty in daily activities. Recent research has shown a growing interest in the role of nutrition in brain health and its impact on neurological disorders. Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals play vital roles in various bodily functions and can affect cognitive performance and the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mervat Hassan, Hisham Ismail, Olfat Hammam, Abdullrahman Elsayed, Othman Othman, Sohair Aly Hassan
Summary: The aqueous extracts of Rosemary and Saffron, as well as their combinations, were found to have antagonistic effects on tau and β-amyloid in an Alzheimer's rat model. These extracts showed significant improvements in cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, neuroproteins, neurotransmitters, cytokines, autophagy markers, computational analysis, and morphological alterations. In addition, in silico analysis suggested that these extracts may inhibit the activity of disease-regulating proteins. Overall, Rosemary and Saffron extracts have the potential to alleviate neurotoxicity and regulate autophagy in Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Shorena Janelidze, Randall J. Bateman, Ruben Smith, Erik Stomrud, Geidy E. Serrano, Eric M. Reiman, Sebastian Palmqvist, Jeffrey L. Dage, Thomas G. Beach, Oskar Hansson
Summary: Plasma levels of phospho-tau217 (P-tau217) accurately differentiate Alzheimer's disease dementia from other dementias, with increasing levels reflecting both beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. The correlation between P-tau217 concentrations and beta-amyloid PET is stronger in early disease stages, while in late stages, there is a stronger correlation with both beta-amyloid and tau PET results. P-tau217 mediates the association between beta-amyloid and tau, especially for tau outside of the medial temporal lobe.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Mila-Aloma, Nicholas J. Ashton, Mahnaz Shekari, Gemma Salvado, Paula Ortiz-Romero, Laia Montoliu-Gaya, Andrea L. Benedet, Thomas K. Karikari, Juan Lantero-Rodriguez, Eugeen Vanmechelen, Theresa A. Day, Armand Gonzalez-Escalante, Gonzalo Sanchez-Benavides, Carolina Minguillon, Karine Fauria, Jose Luis Molinuevo, Jeffrey L. Dage, Henrik Zetterberg, Juan Domingo Gispert, Marc Suarez-Calvet, Kaj Blennow
Summary: A comprehensive comparison of blood biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired individuals suggests that plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 are promising markers to identify preclinical Alzheimer's disease, aiding in the screening process for clinical trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pablo Zambrano, Mario Suwalsky, Malgorzata Jemiola-Rzeminska, Maria Jose Gallardo-Nelson, Kazimierz Strzalka, Diego Munoz-Torrero
Summary: The study demonstrates the protective effect of AVCRI104P4 against the toxicity induced by A beta(1-42) peptide in human erythrocytes and molecular models. The compound also has a significant impact on the transparency and morphology of human erythrocyte membranes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joseph Therriault, Stijn Servaes, Cecile Tissot, Nesrine Rahmouni, Nicholas J. Ashton, Andrea Lessa Benedet, Thomas K. Karikari, Arthur C. Macedo, Firoza Z. Lussier, Jenna Stevenson, Yi-Ting Wang, Jaime Fernandez-Arias, Alyssa Stevenson, Kely Quispialaya Socualaya, Arlette Haeger, Tahnia Nazneen, Etienne Aumont, Ali Hosseini, Soham Rej, Paolo Vitali, Gallen Triana-Baltzer, Hartmuth C. Kolb, Jean-Paul Soucy, Tharick A. Pascoal, Serge Gauthier, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Pedro Rosa-Neto
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau(181), p-tau(217), and p-tau(231) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and found that plasma p-tau(217) had diagnostic performance equivalent to CSF, suggesting that it may help reduce the need for invasive lumbar punctures without compromising accuracy in AD identification.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph R. Winer, Allison Morehouse, Laura Fenton, Theresa M. Harrison, Lylian Ayangma, Mark Reed, Samika Kumar, Suzanne L. Baker, William J. Jagust, Matthew P. Walker
Summary: This study found that early-stage tau and Aβ deposition in Alzheimer's disease can impact sleep, with tau burden leading to worse objective sleep and Aβ burden associated with decreased self-reported sleep quality. Aβ deposition also predicts a mismatch between objective and subjective sleep evaluation, with individuals underestimating their sleep, which is further linked to worse executive function.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Francesco Bruno, Paolo Abondio, Rossella Bruno, Leognano Ceraudo, Ersilia Paparazzo, Luigi Citrigno, Donata Luiselli, Giuseppe Passarino, Rosanna Colao, Raffaele Maletta, Alberto Montesanto
Summary: This study summarizes and discusses the etiology of Alzheimer's disease and the hypothesis of viral infection. Viral infection may be an important factor in sporadic AD, including various herpes viruses, flaviviruses, and HIV.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ziqi Fan, Zheyu Li, Shuai Zhao, Yanxing Chen, Yujie Su, Guoping Peng, Benyan Luo
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis on salivary biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and found that salivary β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ(1-42)) showed higher sensitivity in early AD diagnosis. However, larger studies are needed to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of salivary Aβ(1-42) in AD diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Longfei Xu, Mingzhe Li, Aili Wei, Miaomiao Yang, Chao Li, Ran Liu, Yuejun Zheng, Yuxin Chen, Zixi Wang, Kun Wang, Tianhui Wang
Summary: Moderate exercise promotes the clearance of beta-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein in AD mice by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, leading to improved cognitive ability and reduced pathological changes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Peng Zeng, Yuan-Cheng Liu, Xiao-Ming Wang, Chao-Yuan Ye, Yi-Wen Sun, Hong-Fei Su, Shuo-Wen Qiu, Ya-Nan Li, Yao Wang, Yan-Chun Wang, Jun Ma, Man Li, Qing Tian
Summary: The dried and ripe fruits of Alpinia oxyphylla have been widely used in treating dementia. This study investigated the targets of Alpinia oxyphylla in tonifying kidney-essence and nourishing intelligence and identified key phytochemicals that regulate the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative dementia.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
YouJin Lee, Morgan R. Miller, Marty A. Fernandez, Elizabeth L. Berg, Adriana M. Prada, Qing Ouyang, Michael Schmidt, Jill L. Silverman, Tracy L. Young-Pearse, Eric M. Morrow
Summary: Loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked NHE6 gene cause Christianson syndrome in males, leading to early cerebellar degeneration and later-onset cortical and subcortical neurodegeneration. Studies have shown modulation of amyloid-beta levels and defects in endosome maturation and trafficking in experimental models with NHE6 expression targeted. A new NHE6-null rat model of Christianson syndrome has been generated, demonstrating neurodegeneration with deposition of endogenously-expressed amyloid-beta and tau, providing insights into mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca Piccarducci, Maria Chiara Caselli, Elisa Zappelli, Leonardo Ulivi, Simona Daniele, Gabriele Siciliano, Roberto Ceravolo, Michelangelo Mancuso, Filippo Baldacci, Claudia Martini
Summary: This study aimed to detect the levels of neurodegenerative disease (ND)-related proteins (Aβ(1-40), Aβ(1-42), tau, and alpha-synuclein) in both red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) patients and healthy controls (HC). The results showed that the concentrations of Aβ(1-40) and alpha-synuclein were significantly increased in both RBCs and plasma of CAA patients. Higher levels of Aβ(1-42) and tau were only detected in RBCs of CAA individuals compared to HC. The findings suggest that these proteins could be potential peripheral biomarkers for CAA diagnosis and differentiation from other neurodegenerative diseases, although further confirmation is needed in larger studies.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Woo Shik Shin, Jing Di, Qin Cao, Binsen Li, Paul M. Seidler, Kevin A. Murray, Gal Bitan, Lin Jiang
Summary: The paper has been amended and the updated version can be accessed through the original article.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monica Sanchez-Tapia, Alberto Mimenza-Alvarado, Lizbeth Granados-Dominguez, Adriana Flores-Lopez, Adriana Lopez-Barradas, Victor Ortiz, Claudia Perez-Cruz, Hilda Sanchez-Vidal, Julieta Hernandez-Acosta, Jose Alberto Avila-Funes, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Armando R. Tovar, Nimbe Torres
Summary: Currently, the number of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (D) is increasing. This study investigated the role of tau protein, beta-amyloid, LPS, and curli protein in elderly individuals with MCI or D, as well as the contribution of gut microbiota. The results showed that as individuals aged, tau protein, beta-amyloid, and LPS increased significantly in serum during MCI and D. This was associated with an increase in the abundance of E. coli that synthesize the amyloid protein curli, leading to the aggregation of amyloid proteins. Rats also exhibited an increase in curli protein abundance in the brain with aging. Thus, an alteration in the gut microbiota-brain axis, characterized by an increase in curli protein and LPS, contributes to cognitive impairment and dementia through the increase in tau and beta-amyloid protein.
