Article
Oncology
Teemu J. Murtola, Aino Siltari
Summary: Studies suggest that statins have potential biological effects against prostate cancer cells and are linked to improved disease-specific mortality. However, low-dose atorvastatin did not show any difference in relapse rates after radical prostatectomy in Asian men. Future trials should focus on higher statin doses at later disease stages with survival as the primary endpoint.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Pellegrino, Emilia Bevacqua, Luca Frattaruolo, Anna Rita Cappello, Stefano Aquaro, Paola Tucci
Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men. Higher intake of polyphenols, curcumin, and quercetin has been associated with lower prostate cancer risk. In this study, the combination of curcumin and quercetin showed synergic anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and modulating inflammation-mediated signaling pathways.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iwona J. Stanislawska, Ramona Figat, Anna K. Kiss, Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
Summary: The intake of selected minerals, especially zinc, calcium and selenium, and high consumption of dietary isoflavones are recognized as factors influencing prostate cancer risk. This study examined the combined effects of dietary isoflavonoids and minerals on prostate cancer cells proliferation and genotoxicity. The results suggest that the minerals have minimal influence on the anti-proliferative activity of isoflavonoids but significantly modulate their anti-genotoxic effects.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anait S. Levenson
Summary: Accumulated experimental data suggest that natural plant products may have chemopreventive and therapeutic effects by modulating miRNA expression. Dietary polyphenols, including flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans, have been extensively studied for their miRNA-mediated cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This review focuses on the role of stilbene-regulated miRNAs in cancer, particularly their interaction with MTA1 signaling in prostate cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clementina Sansone, Luigi Pistelli, Luana Calabrone, Angelo Del Mondo, Angelo Fontana, Marco Festa, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini, Christophe Brunet
Summary: This study investigates the potential of diatoxanthin (Dt), a photoprotective xanthophyll, in intercepting prostate cancer progression. The results demonstrate the chemopreventive effect of Dt even at low concentration, and suggest that Dt-induced cancer cell death is mediated by oxidative stress mechanisms. Furthermore, Dt also exhibits anti-angiogenic properties, providing a potential therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jinjiang Jiang, Bo Chen, Bo Tang, Qiang Wei
Summary: Selenium plays a crucial role in prostate cancer research, involving prevention, development, and treatment. It has shown promise in combinatorial therapy and is associated with various cellular processes. Selenium holds potential as a trace mineral for prostate cancer prevention, development, treatment, and exploration of novel agents.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Myung Ji Goh, Dong Hyun Sinn
Summary: This review summarizes the potential therapeutic applications of aspirin and statins as chemopreventive agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The authors emphasize the limitations of observational data and the need for further clinical investigations.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Nagi B. Kumar, Stephanie Hogue, Julio Pow-Sang, Michael Poch, Brandon J. Manley, Roger Li, Jasreman Dhillon, Alice Yu, Doratha A. Byrd
Summary: Green tea catechins (GTCs) have been shown to prevent the progression of prostate cancer (PCa), especially in men with low-risk PCa on active surveillance. The gut microbiome metabolizes GTCs, making them more accessible to the body. The gut microbiome also influences other processes related to PCa progression. Considering the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome, as well as their relationship to individual responses, can enhance clinical decision-making.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James Mordecai, Saleem Ullah, Irshad Ahmad
Summary: The increasing incidence of prostate cancer worldwide has led to research on new therapeutics for its treatment and prevention. Sulforaphane, derived from broccoli and other members of the Brassica genus, has been shown to have anticancer properties. This review evaluates recent studies on the prevention of prostate cancer progression by sulforaphane in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical settings, and provides a detailed description of the proposed mechanisms of action on prostatic cells. Furthermore, the challenges, limitations, and future prospects of using sulforaphane as a therapeutic agent in prostate cancer treatment are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Richard T. Bryan, Sarah J. Pirrie, Ben Abbotts, Shanna Maycock, Vinnie During, Carolyn Lewis, Margaret Grant, Deborah Bird, Adam J. Devall, D. Michael A. Wallace, Nicholas D. James, Lucinda J. Billingham, Maurice P. Zeegers, K. K. Cheng, SELENIB Investigators
Summary: In this multicenter clinical trial, selenium and vitamin E were found to have no significant effect on the risk of recurrence in patients with newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, vitamin E supplementation was associated with an increased risk of recurrence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donatienne D'Hose, Lionel Mignion, Loic Hamelin, Pierre Sonveaux, Benedicte F. Jordan, Bernard Gallez
Summary: This study found that statins could decrease the oxygen consumption rate and increase mitochondrial superoxide production in cancer cells. In a mouse model, statins were able to improve tumor oxygenation, but had limited impact on tumor growth and radiosensitivity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gowhar Rashid, Nihad Ashraf Khan, Deena Elsori, Andleeb Rehman, Haleema Tanzeelah, Haleema Ahmad, Humaira Maryam, Amaan Rais, Mohd Salik Usmani, Asaad Ma Babker, Mohammad Azhar Kamal, Wael Hafez
Summary: Colorectal cancer is caused by mutations in large intestinal epithelial cells and can be detected early through biomarkers such as KRAS and ctDNA/cfDNA. While colonoscopy is the most common invasive method for diagnosing CRC, non-invasive techniques like molecular analysis of breath, urine, blood, and stool can also be used for early detection. NSAIDs have been found to have a chemopreventive impact on CRC by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes and causing apoptosis in CRC cells. This review paper explores the diversity of biomarkers and detection techniques for CRC, as well as the role of NSAIDs in chemoprevention.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lujing Wang, Chao Wang, Md Shahid Sarwar, Pochung Chou, Yujue Wang, Xiaoyang Su, Ah-Ng Tony Kong
Summary: This study reveals that ursolic acid can protect against PTEN knockout-induced prostate cancer. It modulates gene methylation and metabolic reprogramming, affecting the expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, and playing a critical role in cancer development.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shilpi Singh, Akhilesh Kumar Maurya, Abha Meena, Nidhi Mishra, Suaib Luqman
Summary: Narirutin, a compound found in lemon, orange, passion fruit, bergamot, and grapefruit, has potential as an anti-allergic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective agent. It can suppress the growth of prostate cancer cells, but its chemopreventive potential against hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and its mode of action are not yet known. In this study, the chemopreventive possibility of narirutin was explored in PC-3 cells, and it was found that narirutin reduced cell viability, induced G0/G1 phase arrest, and increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Narirutin also inhibited the activity of hyaluronidase and showed a strong binding interaction with the enzyme. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis supported the idea that narirutin binding enhanced the compactness and stability of the enzyme. Additionally, narirutin was predicted to be non-toxic and non-CYPs inhibitor. These results suggest that narirutin may be a potential chemopreventive agent for hormone-resistant prostate cancer cells and provide data supporting the use of diet-based nutraceutical agents to prevent prostate cancer.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Blossom Mak, Hui-Ming Lin, Thy Duong, Kate L. Mahon, Anthony M. Joshua, Martin R. Stockler, Howard Gurney, Francis Parnis, Alison Zhang, Tahlia Scheinberg, Gary Wittert, Lisa M. Butler, David Sullivan, Andrew J. Hoy, Peter J. Meikle, Lisa G. Horvath
Summary: This study found that simvastatin can modify the poor lipid profile in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Higher levels of sphingolipids, which are associated with poor prognosis, were reduced after simvastatin treatment. These findings are important for improving overall survival and therapeutic outcomes in mCRPC patients.
