Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessio Molfino, Sara Emerenziani, Giuseppe Tonini, Daniele Santini, Antonietta Gigante, Michele Pier Luca Guarino, Chiara Nuglio, Giovanni Imbimbo, Annalisa La Cesa, Michele Cicala, Maurizio Muscaritoli
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of anorexia, hypophagia, and cachexia in patients with gastrointestinal or lung cancer at time of diagnosis. The results showed that 68% of patients had cachexia, 57% had anorexia, and 48% had hypophagia. These conditions had negative impacts on patients' nutritional intake, indicating a need for early multimodal strategies to improve food intake.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lisa Martin, Maurizio Muscaritoli, Isabelle Bourdel-Marchasson, Catherine Kubrak, Barry Laird, Bruno Gagnon, Martin Chasen, Ioannis Gioulbasanis, Ola Wallengren, Anne C. Voss, Francois Goldwasser, R. Thomas Jagoe, Chris Deans, Federico Bozzetti, Florian Strasser, Lene Thoresen, Sean Kazemi, Vickie Baracos, Pierre Senesse
Summary: The research aggregated data from Canadian and European studies to evaluate the associations of reduced food intake and CRP with cancer-associated weight loss and overall survival. The study identified important factors such as reduced food intake and CRP levels that were associated with cancer-associated cachexia. These findings may help improve the diagnosis and classification of cancer-related wasting.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jolyn Johal, Chad Yixian Han, Ria Joseph, Zachary Munn, Oluwaseyifunmi Andi Agbejule, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Matthew P. Wallen, Raymond J. Chan, Nicolas H. Hart
Summary: This scoping review examines the role of dietary supplements in managing malnutrition-related conditions in patients with metastatic cancers. The review finds that while these supplements show potential, there is a lack of research in this area, particularly in randomized controlled trials.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
D. Robert Paval, Rebekah Patton, James McDonald, Richard J. E. Skipworth, Iain J. Gallagher, Barry J. Laird
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a clinical need that affects more than 50% of cancer patients. This systematic review examines the relationship between cytokines and cachexia syndrome in patients with incurable cancer. The findings suggest that cytokines, particularly IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8, are associated with the development of cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kenichi Nishie, Tomomi Nishie, Seiichi Sato, Masayuki Hanaoka
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome involving functional impairment and body composition changes that cannot be reversed by nutritional support. It decreases skeletal muscle mass, increases lipolysis, and reduces food intake. As no effective interventions are currently available, it remains an unmet need in cancer treatment. However, recent discoveries and treatments, along with published guidelines, provide hope for developing effective strategies to diagnose and treat cancer cachexia, which could lead to breakthroughs in cancer treatment.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Nishikawa, Masahiro Goto, Shinya Fukunishi, Akira Asai, Shuhei Nishiguchi, Kazuhide Higuchi
Summary: Cachexia is a malnutrition associated with chronic diseases, characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass and weight loss. Current standard treatments are lacking due to the complexity of its pathogenesis, which involves multiple etiologies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iain Phillips, Mark Stares, Lindsay Allan, Judith Sayers, Richard Skipworth, Barry Laird
Summary: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death. However, many patients with advanced lung cancer are too unwell for treatment, leading to poor outcomes. Cancer cachexia, which is common in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, is one of the reasons patients are not fit for treatment. There is emerging data suggesting that multi-modal intervention may have a role in treating cachexia.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tanja Krauss, Simone Heisz, Julius Honecker, Olga Prokopchuk, Marc Martignoni, Klaus-Peter Janssen, Melina Claussnitzer, Hans Hauner, Claudine Seeliger
Summary: This study aimed to identify specific miRNAs related to organ-specific cancer cachexia (CCx) and explore their functional role in humans. The findings showed that miR-122-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-375, and miR-424-5p were associated with CCx and may contribute to tissue wasting and skeletal muscle atrophy through the regulation of catabolic signals.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Aline Emanuel, Julia Krampitz, Friederike Rosenberger, Sabine Kind, Ingeborg Roetzer
Summary: This systematic review investigates the impact of nutritional interventions on cachexia, malnutrition, and weight loss in patients with pancreatic cancer. The results suggest that enteral nutrition and dietary supplements enriched with omega-3 fatty acids have positive effects on the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lauri O. Byerley, Hsiao-Man Chang, Brittany Lorenzen, Jessie Guidry, W. Elaine Hardman
Summary: This study investigated the effect of walnuts on a transplantable carcinoma rat model and found that walnuts did not slow or prevent tumor growth. Additionally, consuming walnuts did not alter the weight and fat mass loss or metabolic dysregulation in the TB model.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Silvia Catanese, Carl Friedrich Beuchel, Teresa Sawall, Florian Lordick, Rommy Brauer, Markus Scholz, Uta Ceglarek, Ulrich T. Hacker
Summary: Cancer patients undergoing systemic treatment showed significant alterations in amino acid levels and acylcarnitine patterns, which could be predictive for weight loss. Baseline acylcarnitine analysis was valuable in studying energy metabolism related to cancer cachexia. Pathway analyses indicated the involvement of serine/glycine and tryptophan pathways in this condition.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sevag Hamamah, Arman Amin, Abdul Latif Al-Kassir, Judith Chuang, Mihai Covasa
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease that is becoming more prevalent worldwide. Recent research suggests that changes in gut microbiota, influenced by the consumption of dietary fats, play a key role in the development of obesity. These alterations in gut microbiota can affect important satiation signals, leading to hyperphagia and obesity. This review discusses the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences satiation signals, the effects of dietary interventions on gut microbiota and satiety signals, and microbiota optimizing therapies to combat obesity.
Review
Nursing
Deborah A. Boyle
Summary: Cachexia is a complex multiorgan phenomenon targeting skeletal muscle, resulting in significant muscle degradation and loss of adipose tissue. There are currently no approved biomarkers or therapeutic options for managing cancer cachexia, which also presents multiple psychosocial sequelae for patients and their families.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY NURSING
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Siew Juan Kiew, Nur Aishah Mohd Taib, Tania Islam, Hazreen Abdul Majid
Summary: This study evaluated the dietary intake changes in Malaysian breast cancer survivors post-diagnosis, finding that many were overweight or obese and did not meet recommended nutrient intakes for fat, fiber, and calcium, with significant decreases in overall intake of various nutrients observed over a three-year period. The study suggests the need for more proactive dietary interventions and continuous monitoring among breast cancer survivors for their survivorship care.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nicolien C. de Clercq, Tom van den Ende, Andrei Prodan, Robert Hemke, Mark Davids, Helle K. Pedersen, Henrik B. Nielsen, A. K. Groen, Willem M. de Vos, Hanneke W. M. van Laarhoven, Max Nieuwdorp
Summary: A study on fecal microbiota transplantation in cachectic patients with gastroesophageal cancer showed that allogenic FMT did not improve cachexia, but led to better disease control rate, overall survival, and progression-free survival. Patients in the allogenic group also experienced significant changes in fecal microbiota composition after FMT. This suggests a potential benefit of FMT in improving treatment response and survival in advanced gastroesophageal cancer patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)