Review
Immunology
Tyler P. Robinson, Tewfik Hamidi, Brittany Counts, Denis C. Guttridge, Michael C. Ostrowski, Teresa A. Zimmers, Leonidas G. Koniaris
Summary: The development of cachexia in patients with cancer or other chronic diseases has a significant negative impact, leading to reduced tolerance to therapies, decreased mobility, lower quality of life, and increased mortality. Cachexia is closely associated with the activation of the acute phase response and results in metabolic resource depletion. Research has focused on the important inflammatory factors associated with the acute phase response and their role in immune activation of cachexia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuta Seko, Takao Kato, Takeshi Morimoto, Hidenori Yaku, Yasutaka Inuzuka, Yodo Tamaki, Neiko Ozasa, Masayuki Shiba, Erika Yamamoto, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Takeshi Kitai, Yugo Yamashita, Moritake Iguchi, Kazuya Nagao, Yuichi Kawase, Takashi Morinaga, Mamoru Toyofuku, Yutaka Furukawa, Kenji Ando, Kazushige Kadota, Yukihito Sato, Koichiro Kuwahara, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: Weight loss of ≥5% at 6-month visit after discharge is associated with subsequent all-cause death in patients with AHF.
Article
Oncology
Can Gong, Qianyi Wan, Rui Zhao, Xinrong Zuo, Yi Chen, Tao Li
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of the cachexia index (CXI) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The results showed that low CXI was associated with advanced tumor stage, increased levels of inflammatory markers, and decreased levels of nutritional markers. Furthermore, patients with low CXI had a poorer overall survival and a higher risk of postoperative complications. The combination of CXI with cachexia, low BMI, or advanced TNM stage could further predict a worse prognosis.
Article
Oncology
Marc A. Schneider, Adriana Rozy, Sabine Wrenger, Petros Christopoulos, Thomas Muley, Michael Thomas, Michael Meister, Tobias Welte, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, Sabina Janciauskiene
Summary: Targeting the immune system has emerged as a promising therapy for advanced lung cancer, but patient responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors vary widely. This study identified certain proteins in the blood serum that can serve as biomarkers for predicting the success of immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kalliopi-Anna Poulia, Dimitra Antoniadou, Panagiotis Sarantis, Michalis V. Karamouzis
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the interrelation between nutritional parameters, QOL indicators, and survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer. The results showed that nutritional risk was associated with age, dynamometry, and financial difficulties. Increased fatigue, higher prevalence of constipation, and increased reporting of gastrointestinal problems were all linked to lower survival. These findings highlight the importance of early identification and management of symptoms and nutritional status in pancreatic cancer patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesca Colavita, Valentina Mazzotta, Gabriella Rozera, Isabella Abbate, Fabrizio Carletti, Carmela Pinnetti, Giulia Matusali, Silvia Meschi, Annalisa Mondi, Daniele Lapa, Serena Vita, Claudia Minosse, Camilla Aguglia, Roberta Gagliardini, Eliana Specchiarello, Aurora Bettini, Emanuele Nicastri, Enrico Girardi, Francesco Vaia, Andrea Antinori, Fabrizio Maggi
Summary: We conducted a follow-up laboratory investigation on three MPXV cases infected in May-June 2022, monitoring viral shedding in different body fluids and antibody kinetics. Viral DNA was detected in saliva, semen, oropharyngeal swabs, plasma, stool, and urine samples, with different viral loads. Replication competent virus was recovered from saliva, oropharyngeal swabs, semen, and stool samples. Antibody kinetics analysis showed the presence of IgM, IgA, and IgG antibodies within two weeks post-symptoms onset, with IgG detected early on at day 4-8 and IgM and IgA showing lower titers. Antibody levels increased during the second week of illness with IgG reaching high titers.
Article
Oncology
Qianyi Wan, Qian Yuan, Rui Zhao, Xiaoding Shen, Yi Chen, Tao Li, Yinghan Song
Summary: In this study, the prognostic value of a novel cachexia indicator, the cachexia index (CXI), in patients with colorectal cancer was investigated. The results showed that CXI could serve as an effective indicator for diagnosing major complications and predicting overall survival (OS) in patients. Patients in the low CXI group were associated with older age, lower BMI, a higher percentage of cachexia, and advanced TNM stage. Logistic regression analysis revealed that low CXI, cachexia, and coronary heart disease were independent risk factors for major complications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zaccagnini Germana, Greco Simona, Longo Marialucia, Maimone Biagina, Voellenkle Christine, Fuschi Paola, Carrara Matteo, Creo Pasquale, Maselli Davide, Tirone Mario, Mazzone Massimiliano, Gaetano Carlo, Spinetti Gaia, Martelli Fabio
Summary: miR-210 has a context-dependent regulation on the inflammatory response, with overexpression associated with improved angiogenesis and tissue repair. Infiltrating cells with mismatched miR-210 levels lead to a pro-fibrotic phenotype, impairing tissue repair, causing fibrosis, and dysfunctional angiogenesis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haojie Jin, Yaoping Shi, Yuanyuan Lv, Shengxian Yuan, Christel F. A. Ramirez, Cor Lieftink, Liqin Wang, Siying Wang, Cun Wang, Matheus Henrique Dias, Fleur Jochems, Yuan Yang, Astrid Bosma, E. Marielle Hijmans, Marnix H. P. de Groot, Serena Vegna, Dan Cui, Yangyang Zhou, Jing Ling, Hui Wang, Yuchen Guo, Xingling Zheng, Nikita Isima, Haiqiu Wu, Chong Sun, Roderick L. Beijersbergen, Leila Akkari, Weiping Zhou, Bo Zhai, Wenxin Qin, Rene Bernards
Summary: Inhibition of EGFR is synthetically lethal with lenvatinib in liver cancer, and the combination of lenvatinib with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib shows potent anti-proliferative effects both in vitro and in vivo. This combination therapy could be a promising strategy for HCC patients with high levels of EGFR, providing meaningful clinical responses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chongkai Wang, Jaideep Sandhu, Ching Ouyang, Jian Ye, Peter P. Lee, Marwan Fakih
Summary: The study suggests that patients with MSS metastatic colorectal cancer without liver metastases may benefit from checkpoint inhibitors, while the presence of liver metastases could be associated with resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. More prospective studies are needed to further investigate the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in MSS metastatic colorectal cancer patients without liver metastases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingxiao Jin, Jacqueline Visina, Timothy F. Burns, Brenda Diergaarde, Laura P. Stabile
Summary: This study analyzed the influence of sex, body mass index (BMI), and pretreatment weight loss (PWL) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The results showed that females were more likely to experience immune-related adverse events and had a lower risk of death compared to males. BMI was not significantly associated with outcomes overall, but underweight patients had a higher risk of progression and death in the first-line monotherapy group. Weight loss was also associated with worse outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gilbert Youssef, Rifaquat Rahman, Camden Bay, Wei Wang, Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Omar Arnaout, Wenya Linda Bi, Daniel N. Cagney, Yuh-Shin Chang, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Matthew DeSalvo, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Thomas F. Flood, Elizabeth R. Gerstner, L. Nicolas Gonzalez Castro, Jeffrey P. Guenette, Albert E. Kim, Eudocia Q. Lee, Jose R. McFaline-Figueroa, Christopher A. Potter, David A. Reardon, Raymond Y. Huang, Patrick Y. Wen
Summary: This study compared the performance of RANO criteria with modified RANO (mRANO) and immunotherapy RANO (iRANO) criteria in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma and recurrent GBM. The results showed similar correlations between PFS and OS for RANO and mRANO. Confirmation scans within 12 weeks after radiotherapy improved correlations in nGBM. Using postradiation MRI as the baseline scan had better correlation in nGBM compared to using pre-radiation MRI. Evaluation of FLAIR sequences did not improve the correlation. iRANO criteria did not provide significant benefit in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jinhua Chu, Huaju Cai, Jiaoyang Cai, Xinni Bian, Yumei Cheng, Xianmin Guan, Xiaoqian Chen, Hua Jiang, Xiaowen Zhai, Yongjun Fang, Lei Zhang, Xin Tian, Fen Zhou, Yaqin Wang, Lingzhen Wang, Hong Li, Leung Wing Kwan Alex, Minghua Yang, Hanfang Yang, Aijun Zhan, Ningling Wang, Shaoyan Hu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between response to dexamethasone and prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and finds that good response to dexamethasone is associated with lower recurrence rate and higher survival rate.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wouter A. C. van Amsterdam, Netanja Harlianto, Joost J. C. Verhoeff, Pim Moeskops, Pim A. de Jong, Tim Leiner
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of CT-derived muscle quantity for overall survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. The results showed that high muscle quantity was associated with better overall survival, but this association was not observed in patients with fatty degeneration of muscle tissue and low muscle radiodensity.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Luping Yuan, Jochen Springer, Sandra Palus, Silvia Busquets, Queralt Jove, Edson Alves de Lima Junior, Markus S. Anker, Stephan von Haehling, Natalia Alvarez Ladron, Oliver Millman, Annemijn Oosterlee, Agata Szymczyk, Francisco Javier Lopez-Soriano, Stefan D. Anker, Andrew J. S. Coats, Josep M. Argiles
Summary: Stereoisomers of oxprenolol, especially S-oxprenolol, have shown effectiveness in preclinical models of cancer cachexia. S-oxprenolol was superior to R-oxprenolol in terms of survival and weight loss reduction in the animal models tested. It also improved muscle function and had potential for human application in cancer cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
