Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erika Tyrberg, Arvid Eden, Jaran Eriksen, Staffan Nilsson, Carl Johan Treutiger, Anders Thalme, Asa Mellgren, Magnus Gisslen, Lars-Magnus Andersson
Summary: In this study, it was found that elderly PLHIV aged >= 65 years had higher steady-state plasma levels of DRV and ATV compared to controls <= 49 years of age, while no significant differences were observed in the EFV arm. The DRV arm had a higher frequency of reported side effects compared to the ATV and EFV arms in the study group.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Cynthia L. Monaco
Summary: This article discusses the discovery of alterations in gut bacterial and viral populations in HIV-associated AIDS in 2016, and explores how these findings have advanced the field and influenced the author's current research endeavors.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Sarah H. Nash, Molly Rutledge, Lisa M. Frenkel, Ann J. Melvin, Peyton Laws, Joseph Klejka, Matthew Hirschfeld
Summary: This case report highlights the potential transmission of HIV from caregiver to child via premastication. A 13-month-old child from rural Alaska presented with several health issues and was diagnosed with HIV infection after being transferred to a children's hospital outside of Alaska. The primary caregiver, a grandparent, was found to be HIV-infected with detectable viral load. Sequencing of the HIV envelope gene showed a close similarity between the virus in the grandparent and the child. Health care providers should be aware of the possibility of HIV transmission through premastication and educate parents and caregivers about this risk, even if the child's mother is HIV-uninfected.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oriol Mitja, Andrea Alemany, Michael Marks, Jezer I. Lezama Mora, Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Aldama, Mayara Secco Torres Silva, Ever Arturo Corral Herrera, Brenda Crabtree-Ramirez, Jose Luis Blanco, Nicolo Girometti, Valentina Mazzotta, Aniruddha Hazra, Macarena Silva, Juan Jose Montenegro-Idrogo, Kelly Gebo, Jade Ghosn, Maria Fernanda Pena Vazquez, Eduardo Matos Prado, Uche Unigwe, Judit Villar-Garcia, Noah Wald-Dickler, Jason Zucker, Roger Paredes, Alexandra Calmy, Laura Waters, Cristina Galvan-Casas, Sharon Walmsley, Chloe M. Orkin
Summary: In the 2022 multicountry mpox outbreak, 38-50% of those affected were people living with HIV. Clinical outcomes and mortality were worse in people with more advanced HIV.
Article
Immunology
Zunyou Wu, Jennifer M. McGoogan, Roger Detels
Summary: China's HIV/AIDS epidemic shows no signs of slowing down, with increasing new cases and deaths each year. The complexity of epidemic data presents challenges to control efforts, emphasizing the need for a new research agenda to better understand and address the situation.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raynell Lang, Elizabeth Humes, Sally B. Coburn, Michael A. Horberg, Lily F. Fathi, Eric Watson, Celeena R. Jefferson, Lesley S. Park, Kirsha S. Gordon, Kathleen M. Akgun, Amy C. Justice, Sonia Napravnik, Jessie K. Edwards, Lindsay E. Browne, Deana M. Agil, Michael J. Silverberg, Jacek Skarbinski, Wendy A. Leyden, Cameron Stewart, Brenna C. Hogan, Kelly A. Gebo, Vincent C. Marconi, Carolyn F. Williams, Keri N. Althoff
Summary: This cohort study found that the risk of severe breakthrough COVID-19 within 28 days of vaccination was low among both vaccinated people with HIV and those without HIV. However, individuals with moderate or severe immune suppression had a higher risk of severe breakthrough infection and should be prioritized for additional vaccine doses and risk-reduction strategies.
Review
Immunology
Romaniya Zayats, Thomas T. Murooka, Lyle R. McKinnon
Summary: The risk of HIV acquisition is low on a per-contact basis but increased by transmission co-factors such as other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). HPV, a prevalent STI, is associated with cervical cancer and evidence suggests that HPV infection increases the risk of HIV infection in both men and women. This review explores the impact of HPV infection on HIV transmission rates, as well as its effects on mucosal inflammation, immune cell trafficking, and epithelial barrier function.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elise M. van der Elst, Mitchelle Abuna, Clara Agutu, Fred Ogada, Aisha Galole, Joyce Shikuku, Tony Oduor, Susan M. Graham, Eduard J. Sanders, Don Operario
Summary: Systematic efforts are needed to support individuals newly diagnosed with acute or chronic HIV infection. The acceptance of HIV diagnosis is a complex process that affects daily issues and health over time. Relationship status and religious meaning play important roles in coping strategies. Healthcare systems should be more responsive to the needs of individuals and promote community support.
Article
Biology
Hanako Koguchi-Yoshioka, Elena Hoffer, Stanley Cheuk, Yutaka Matsumura, Sa Vo, Petra Kjellman, Lucian Grema, Yosuke Ishitsuka, Yoshiyuki Nakamura, Naoko Okiyama, Yasuhiro Fujisawa, Manabu Fujimoto, Liv Eidsmo, Rachael A. Clark, Rei Watanabe
Summary: Research indicates that skin T cells in elderly individuals maintain their density, diversity, and protective cytokine production, contrasting with a decline in T-cell diversity and function in the blood. The study demonstrates the importance of skin resident T cells as a long-term, highly protective immunity reservoir in elderly individuals, regardless of ethnicity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marijanatu Abdulai, David Owiredu, Isaac Boadu, Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong, Bismark Sarfo, Harriet Affran Bonful, Adolphina Addo- Lartey, Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo, Anthony Danso-Appiah
Summary: This study aims to explore the types and effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for improving the quality of life of elderly people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. By conducting a systematic review, researchers will collect and analyze relevant research data, providing reliable evidence for improving HIV care for this vulnerable population.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer M. Zerbato, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Kasha P. Singh, Wei Zhao, Claire Deleage, Elias Rosen, Mackenzie L. Cottrell, Ajantha Rhodes, Ashanti Dantanarayana, Carolin Tumpach, Surekha Tennakoon, Megan Crane, David J. Price, Sabine Braat, Hugh Mason, Michael Roche, Angela D. M. Kashuba, Peter A. Revill, Jennifer Audsley, Sharon R. Lewin
Summary: This study investigated the persistence of HIV infection in the liver during antiretroviral therapy (ART). The study found that prior to ART, HIV DNA and RNA were detected in the liver tissue of some participants. After ART, low levels of HIV DNA were still observed in the liver tissue of some participants. This suggests that HIV may persist in the liver during ART and requires further investigation.
Article
Cell Biology
Vartika Sharma, Muzamil Makhdoomi, Lakshyaveer Singh, Purnima Kumar, Nabab Khan, Sarman Singh, H. N. Verma, Kalpana Luthra, Sovan Sarkar, Dhiraj Kumar
Summary: Opportunistic bacterial infections contribute significantly to HIV-associated mortality by inhibiting autophagy in host cells. Trehalose has been shown to activate autophagy and kill intracellular bacteria, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for HIV and tuberculosis co-infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Angelo Maria Pezzullo, Cathrine Axfors, Despina G. Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Alexandre Apostolatos, John P. A. Ioannidis
Summary: The largest burden of COVID-19 is carried by the elderly, and persons living in nursing homes are particularly vulnerable. The objective of this study was to accurately estimate the infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 among non-elderly people. The results suggest a much lower pre-vaccination IFR in non-elderly populations than previously suggested.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivia Oxlade, Hannah Rochon, Jonathon R. R. Campbell, Dick Menzies
Summary: The article introduces a collection on tuberculosis preventive therapy in people with HIV infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Courtney B. Spensley, Melissa Plegue, Robinson Seda, Diane M. Harper
Summary: This study found that HIV screening rates are higher among men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to non-MSM, but overall screening rates remain lower than desired. Older patients and those with a family medicine or pediatric primary care provider had lower screening rates. Targeted interventions to improve HIV screening rates for MSM in primary care are discussed.
