Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vang Y. Nguyen, Shannon M. Bayse, Haraldur Arnar Einarsson, Olafur Arnar Ingolfsson
Summary: In this study, the authors investigated the groundfish herding behavior at the trawl mouth by studying the escape location underneath the trawl. They used three collecting bags to collect escapees and compared the escape-at-length of different species in the center bag and the wing bags. The results showed that fish size, swimming capacity, and herding behavior influenced the escape location.
Article
Fisheries
Henry Owusu Adjei, Robert Yadama Laar, Prince Ofori-Darkwah, Emmanuel Xorla Xatse, Jedida Osei Bediako, Peter Vilhelm Skov, Kwasi Adu Obirikorang
Summary: Air-breathing in fish is an evolutionary adaptation to aquatic hypoxia. Little is known about the air-breathing behavior of the African bonytongue fish, Heterotis niloticus. In this study, we found that the air-breathing behavior of H. niloticus fingerlings is highly influenced by abiotic factors and physical activity.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Lauren E. Nadler, Mark McCormick, Jacob L. Johansen, Paolo Domenici
Summary: Nadler et al. investigated how social familiarity influences fast-start defensive responses in the tropical damselfish Chromis viridis. They found that familiarity led to faster responses to threats and the behaviors of others in the group, demonstrating that social recognition and memory can enhance fish anti-predator behavior.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geology
Joe Cartwright, Chris Kirkham, Martino Foschi, Neil Hodgson, Karyna Rodriguez, David James
Summary: A novel method was presented to reconstruct the pressure conditions responsible for the formation of fluid escape pipes in sedimentary basins. Analysis of high-pressure fluid venting from a large anticlinal structure off the coast of Lebanon revealed the formation of 21 fluid escape pipes, requiring overpressures exceeding 30 MPa and experiencing pressure recharge of up to 2 MPa after each pipe-forming event. This pressure-time evolution is most easily explained by tectonic overpressuring due to active folding of the main source aquifer while in a confined geometry.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tasuku Fujii, Yosuke Yoneyama, Akiko Kinebuchi, Naoki Ozeki, Sho Maeda, Norikazu Saiki, Toyofumi Fengshi Chen-Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Date, Kimitoshi Nishiwaki, Takanori Takebe
Summary: We assessed the enteral ventilation approach in hypoxic porcine models and found that intraanally delivering oxygenated perfluorodecalin can significantly improve arterial oxygenation and reduce carbon dioxide levels. This suggests that the enteral ventilation pathway is an effective means for systemic oxygenation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bent Herrmann, Manu Sistiaga, Terje Jorgensen
Summary: The study found that current minimum size guidelines for cleaner fish may pose escape risks, as they overlook fish compressibility and mesh state, leading to underestimation of sizes of lumpfish able to escape.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Zhonglu Lin, Dongfang Liang, Amneet Pal Singh Bhalla, Ahmed A. Sheikh Al-Shabab, Martin Skote, Wei Zheng, Yu Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the hydrodynamic mechanism of fish schools and finds that wavelength and Strouhal number have a significant impact on net thrust, while Reynolds number has a minor effect. Additionally, mirror-symmetric schooling can achieve a higher net thrust compared to individual swimmers.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laurel H. Sacco, Cameron P. Goater, Tobi-Dawne Smith, Douglas P. Chivers, Maud C. O. Ferrari
Summary: Parasites can enhance transmission by altering host behavior, but this alteration may impose costs, particularly when infective stages are transmitted to nonhosts incompatible with parasite development and reproduction.
Article
Biology
Dominique G. Roche
Summary: The study found that wave-driven water flow can increase response latency in certain fish species, while the impact on swimming performance depends on the timing and trajectory of escape responses in relation to the wave phase.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Manu Sistiaga, Bent Herrmann, Terje Jorgensen
Summary: The use of the goldsinny wrasse as cleaner fish in salmon farming industry may lead to escape risk due to their small size. New guidelines based on fish compressibility and mesh state are recommended to reduce such risk.
Article
Ecology
Ana Born-Torrijos, Rachel A. Paterson, Gabrielle S. van Beest, Tereza Vyhlidalova, Eirik H. Henriksen, Rune Knudsen, Roar Kristoffersen, Per-Arne Amundsen, Miroslava Soldanova
Summary: This study investigated the combined effects of temperature and predator infection status on the consumer functional response of three-spined sticklebacks towards free-living cercariae stages of common freshwater trematode parasites. Results showed genus-specific functional responses and consumption rates towards each parasite prey, with an overall higher consumption rate on T. franki. Elevated temperature increased consumption rate on one parasite prey, while sticklebacks with mild cestode infections exhibited higher consumption rates for that particular parasite prey.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ioannis Mandralis, Pascal Weber, Guido Novati, Petros Koumoutsakos
Summary: Using reinforcement learning, escape patterns for larval fish under energy constraints were discovered, including the C-start mechanism and more energetically efficient escapes. Maximizing distance with limited energy requires swimming via short bursts of accelerating motion interlinked with phases of gliding.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Corrine Avidan, Roi Holzman
Summary: Through flow visualization experiments, it was found that seahorses generate suction flows that are 8 times faster than those of similar-sized fish, and that the temporal patterns of cranial kinematics and suction flows in seahorses differ from the conserved pattern observed across other actinopterygians. However, within seahorses, increases in snout length were associated with slower suction flows and faster head rotation speeds, resulting in a trade-off between pivot feeding and suction feeding.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lina Necib, Tongyan Lin
Summary: Measuring the escape velocity of the Milky Way is crucial for understanding its mass, dark matter velocity distribution, and dark matter density profile. In this study, a strategy is introduced to robustly measure the escape velocity by considering the presence of kinematic substructures. The results show that the escape velocity at the solar position is v(esc) = 445(-8)(+25) km/s, and the Milky Way has a considerably lighter mass than previous measurements when assuming a Navarro-Frenck-White dark matter profile.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biology
Murielle Alund, Brooke Harper, Sigurlaug Kjaernested, Julian E. Ohl, John G. Phillips, Jessica Sattler, Jared Thompson, Javier E. Varg, Sven Wargenau, Janette W. Boughman, Jason Keagy
Summary: This study investigates the anti-predator behavior of Icelandic threespine sticklebacks in low-visibility environments. The results show that fish have different reactions to different predator cues and are greatly influenced by lighting conditions. Fish from highland lakes react fastest to mechano-visual cues and exhibit the highest activity levels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Signe Holm, Rikke Moller Larsen, Camilla Myrup Holst, Mads Peter Heide-Jorgensen, John Fleng Steffensen, Tinna Stevnsner, Knud Larsen
Summary: This study cloned and characterized three transcript variants of bowhead whale NEIL1, two of which were homologous to human transcripts. A novel NEIL1 transcript variant was also discovered. Differential expression of NEIL mRNA was detected in bowhead whale eye, liver, kidney, and muscle. Mass spectroscopy analysis failed to demonstrate the existence of a NEIL1 isoform originating from RNA editing. Recombinant bowhead and human NEIL1 showed similar efficiency in catalyzing the removal of a 5-hydroxyuracil lesion in a DNA bubble structure, supporting neither confirming nor refuting the hypothesis.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Rikke Jeong Jorgensen, Rikke Groth Olsen, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, Morten Stadeager, Lars Konge, Flemming Bjerrum
Summary: This study aimed to gather validity evidence for two assessment tools for laparoscopic intracorporeal knot tying and compare rater-based assessment with simulator metric-based assessment. The results showed that using both simulator metrics and rater assessments can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of laparoscopic suturing competency.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jens Osterkamp, Rune Strandby, Nikolaj Nerup, Morten-Bo Svendsen, Lars-Bo Svendsen, Michael Achiam
Summary: This study investigated the use of intraoperative ICG lymphography in robot-assisted resection of GEJ cancer. The results showed that this technique could aid in LN detection without increasing surgical risk. However, none of the dissected LNs were found to be metastatic. Therefore, the potential improvement in oncological outcomes with NIR lymphography remains uncertain.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Morten Engberg, Soren Mikkelsen, Tal Horer, Hans Lindgren, Edmund Sovik, Martin Frendo, Morten Bo Svendsen, Lars Lonn, Lars Konge, Lene Russell, Mikkel Taudorf
Summary: This study aimed to investigate if doctors familiar with the Seldinger technique require less training and have better technical skills in learning resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) compared to doctors unfamiliar with the technique. The results showed that after identical simulation-based training, the novices performed equally well to anaesthesiologists, indicating that vascular access experience is not a prerequisite to learning the technical aspects of REBOA.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Andreas Ruth, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, Rasmus Nygaard, Emil Aputsiaq Flindt Christensen, Peter G. Bushnell, John Fleng Steffensen
Summary: Global warming affects the metabolism and distribution of ectothermic aquatic breathers, as well as the cardiac performance of Greenland halibut. The authors found that the optimal temperature for maximum aerobic scope in the species is 2.44°C, while various metrics related to maximum heart rate were at least 3.2°C higher. The narrow thermal envelope of the species suggests potential severe effects of global warming on Arctic stenotherms.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marie Hoxbro Knudsen, Niklas Breindahl, Tor-Salve Dalsgaard, Dan Isbye, Anne Grethe Molbak, Gerhard Tiwald, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, Lars Konge, Joanna Bergstrom, Tobias Todsen
Summary: This study provides validity evidence for the use of 360-degree VR scenarios to assess emergency medicine skills. The results show that medical students, especially those with more experience in emergency medicine, performed better in the VR assessment and found it mentally demanding.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Martin G. Tolsgaard, Martin V. Pusic, Stefanie S. Sebok-Syer, Brian Gin, Morten Bo Svendsen, Mark D. Syer, Ryan Brydges, Monica M. Cuddy, Christy K. Boscardin
Summary: The use of AI in medical education can enhance tasks and efficiency, such as automating assessment of written responses and providing reliable feedback on medical imaging interpretations. However, there is a lack of conceptual or methodological guides for educators in evaluating or conducting AI research. This guide aims to address practical considerations, define terminology, and identify suitable medical education problems and data for AI use.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
August Adelsten Olsen, Stefan Burgdorf, Dennis Richard Bigler, Mette Siemsen, Eske Kvanner Aasvang, Jens P. Goetze, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, Lars Bo Svendsen, Michael Patrick Achiam
Summary: Currently, the diagnosis and grading of mesenteric traction syndrome rely on a subjective assessment of facial flushing, which has limitations. In this study, Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging and a predefined cut-off value were assessed and validated for the objective identification of severe mesenteric traction syndrome.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisbeth Anita Andreasen, Aasa Feragen, Anders Nymark Christensen, Jonathan Kistrup Thybo, Morten Bo S. Svendsen, Kilian Zepf, Karim Lekadir, Martin Gronnebaek Tolsgaard
Summary: The placenta is crucial to fetal well-being and timely diagnosis of placenta previa may save lives. Convolutional neural networks can help standardize the acquisition of ultrasound images for fetal diagnostics. We developed a deep learning based model for classification and segmentation of the placenta, with consistent performance across different patient populations. The model may be used for automated detection of placenta previa and enable future deep learning research in placental dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Nasseh Hashemi, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, Flemming Bjerrum, Sten Rasmussen, Martin G. G. Tolsgaard, Mikkel Lonborg Friis
Summary: As the use of robot-assisted surgery (RAS) increases, there is a need for new methods of assessing the qualifications of new surgeons without relying on expert surgeons. Computer-based automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are potential alternatives to expert-based surgical assessment, but there are currently no standard protocols or methods for preparing data and implementing AI in the clinical setting.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wanhe Qi, Peter Vilhelm Skov, Kim Joao de Jesus Gregersen, Lars-Flemming Pedersen
Summary: This study introduces a new method for rapid assessment of microbial activity in biofilms from aquaculture systems. It involves measuring the release of oxygen from the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to evaluate microbial enzymatic activity in biofilms. This method can be used to assess the colonization status of biofilters or the effect of disinfectants on biofilm activity.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vilma Johnsson, Martin Gronnebaek Tolsgaard, Olav Bennike Bjorn Petersen, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen
Summary: The use of medical simulators for training has increased rapidly, but their development lacks structured evaluation of intended uses. This report introduces the V-model as a conceptual framework to guide simulator development and improve accessibility and sustainability of simulation-based medical education. Two new simulators for ultrasound-guided procedures are presented as examples. The conceptual framework and use cases can be used as a template for future simulator development and documentation.
ADVANCES IN SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Heidrikur Bergsson, Morten Bo Sondergaard Svendsen, John Fleng Steffensen
Summary: This study investigates the changes in swimming energy of trout under different oxygen levels and temperatures, leading to the development of a model that predicts oxygen conditions in sea cages. A case study using the model reveals that a 10 degrees C rise in temperature causes a decrease in oxygen concentration, requiring an increase in water flow to maintain optimal oxygen levels.