Article
Thermodynamics
Xuan Wang, Jinwen Cai, Zhimin Lin, Hua Tian, Gequn Shu, Rui Wang, Xingyan Bian, Lingfeng Shi
Summary: This study provides a detailed discussion on the start-up and shutdown processes of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton Cycles. Key operational strategies are identified to assist operators in achieving successful start-up and shutdown.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sabin Pathak, Shuai Wang, Eshetu Janka
Summary: This article evaluates different techniques to achieve partial nitritation in an anammox start-up environment, such as the combination of low dissolved oxygen and high free ammonia, as well as intermittent aeration cycle. The results show that a shorter aerated length can effectively suppress nitrate oxidizing bacteria and achieve partial nitritation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Haiqing Liu, Zhongran Chi, Shusheng Zang
Summary: This study focused on the transient characteristics and start-up procedure of a small closed Brayton cycle device. By developing a modeling method and utilizing optimization algorithms, the accuracy of dynamic simulation was improved, and optimal values of model parameters were obtained. Using genetic algorithms, the Pareto front of the start-up procedure was acquired to achieve the smallest values for start-up time and power. Adjusting the sequence of acceleration and injection was found to be critical for fast and stable operation.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dusan Strusnik, Jurij Avsec
Summary: The study models the integration of two black start diesel engines (BSDEs) into a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) to analyze the potential of using wasted heat for electricity generation and heating. The originality and innovation of this study lie in the analysis of utilizing the heat from BSDEs to rapidly cold start the plant. Preheating to at least 393 K is required for a rapid-cold start, and the heat from both exhaust gases and cooling water is used for heating buildings. This increases the energy and exergy efficiency of the system, allowing the use of BSDEs in other electricity-demanding scenarios.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Benjamin Martindale
Summary: David Wakerley and Sarah Lamaison, co-founders of Dioxycle, are developing scaled-up CO2 electrolysis systems. In their interview with Nature Catalysis, they discuss navigating the green tech start-up space during a time of significant global change.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Feijie Wang, Hailong Zhang, Pingwin Ming, Daijun Yang, Bing Li, Cunman Zhang
Summary: In this study, a automotive fuel cell system was designed and tested for cold start-up at low temperatures. The system showed good cold start-up characteristics, providing 50% power in 25 seconds at -20°C and reaching a coolant outlet temperature of 20°C within 40 seconds. However, issues such as low cell voltage and reverse polar phenomena were observed during the -30°C cold start-up process. Future work will focus on optimizing cold start-up strategy and purging time to minimize performance impact.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Akash Goyal, Tony Schibler, Brooke Alhanti, Karen L. Hannan, Christopher B. Granger, Michael A. Blazing, Renato D. Lopes, John H. Alexander, Eric D. Peterson, Sunil Rao, Jennifer B. Green, Matthew T. Roe, Tyrus Rorick, Lisa G. Berdan, Craig Reist, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Robert A. Harrington, Robert M. Califf, Manesh R. Patel, Adrian F. Hernandez, W. Schuyler Jones
Summary: This study evaluated the start-up time of cardiovascular RCTs in North America and found a median start-up time of about 9 months overall, but less than 4 months for top-performing sites. The findings suggest that using central IRBs may improve RCT efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Tor Viscor, Hikaru Isochi, Naoto Adachi, Harunori Nagata
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of start-up transient effects on burn time errors in hybrid rockets, introducing the concept of equivalent burn time to address the issue. The effectiveness of equivalent burn time in regression simulation is compared, showing successful resolution for port regression burn time issue.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Christopher S. Juerges, Lars Doelken, Florian Erhard
Summary: The study introduces a comprehensive approach called iTiSS for accurately identifying TSS in any eukaryotic TSS profiling experiment, reducing false positives by jointly analyzing multiple complementary datasets.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
M. Siccinio, P. Chiovaro, F. Cismondi, M. Coleman, C. Day, E. Fable, G. Federici, T. Haertl, J. Schwenzer, G. A. Spagnuolo
Summary: One of the main challenges in realizing a DEMO fusion reactor is securing a sufficient external supply of tritium. Tritium is unstable and scarce in nature, thus alternative methods of obtaining it need to be explored. Analysis shows that under certain conditions, starting up with D-D reactions can be a favorable option for power plants.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yongsheng Li, Chunhuan Luo, Qingquan Su
Summary: This paper introduces a method for a rapid cold start-up of methanol reformers using chemical-looping combustion of methanol. The experimental results show that under certain conditions, the temperature of the catalytic layer can be increased from ambient temperature to 300 degrees Celsius in a short period of time.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xinyan Zhang, Weixin Xu
Summary: This study examines the diurnal variation in initiation time and intensification rate of tropical cyclones (TCs), and their relationship with deep convection. The results show that rapidly intensifying (RI) TC events have a significantly higher occurrence rate at 00-06 local time. However, both RI and slowly intensifying (SI) events have weak diurnal variability in their intensification rates. The inner-core convection of TCs maximizes in the early morning, in line with the peak initiation time.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Yan Dong, Guanglei Ji, Lin Fang, Xin Liu
Summary: The study aims to assess the fatigue strength of single-sided girth welds in offshore pipelines under specific cyclic loads. The stress range caused by variations in internal pressure and temperature is calculated, and the fatigue strength of the welds is assessed using the effective notch strain approach. The results show that the plastic behavior of the weld root is only significant for severe local stress concentrations.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ye Feng, Jianghong Wu, Yongbiao Liang
Summary: A novel regeneration accumulator device was proposed to improve the start-up performance of the vapor compression cycle, which showed great potential in saving start-up time and increasing COP. The experimental results demonstrated that the performance in the regeneration start-up mode was better than the existing valve close start-up mode and closer to the quasi-steady state performance.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ipsita Basu, Biswajit Gorai, Thyageshwar Chandran, Prabal K. Maiti, Tanweer Hussain
Summary: Accurate and high-speed scanning and selection of the correct start codon are important events in protein synthesis. Molecular dynamics simulations and energy calculations suggest that the ribosomal 48S pre-initiation complex (PIC) may reject most non-AUG codons, with initiation factor eIF1 playing a crucial role. This study provides insights into the scanning process and the involvement of initiation factors in codon-anticodon-ribosome network stability.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
