Article
Respiratory System
Silvia Barril, Paloma Acebo, Paloma Millan-Billi, Alfonso Luque, Oriol Sibila, Carlos Tarin, Abdellatif Tazi, Diego Castillo, Sonsoles Hortelano
Summary: In this study, the authors analyzed the levels of cytokines and chemokines in BAL from PLCH patients, and found that PLCH patients exhibit a distinct BAL immune profile compared to SR-ILD and IPF. Through PCA analysis and RF model, they identified a specific immune profile that can be used to discriminate PLCH.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian Marzahl, Jenny Hill, Jason Stayt, Dorothee Bienzle, Lutz Welker, Frauke Wilm, Joern Voigt, Marc Aubreville, Andreas Maier, Robert Klopfleisch, Katharina Breininger, Christof A. Bertram
Summary: This study introduces a novel, fully annotated multi-species P-Hem dataset, and develops an annotation pipeline using deep learning and data visualization techniques. The dataset is one of the largest publicly available WSIs datasets in terms of the number of annotations, scanned area, and species covered.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhengxing Wu, Jichan Shi, Yueying Zhou, Ning Pan, Chaochao Qiu, Lianpeng Wu, Xiangao Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the value of simultaneous amplification and testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The results showed that this method has high sensitivity and specificity, and can be used for the rapid diagnosis of smear-negative PTB.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Elzbieta Radzikowska
Summary: Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare neoplastic disorder characterized by infiltration of lungs and other organs, usually diagnosed using high-resolution computed chest tomography. Definite diagnosis requires histological examination of the lesion and immunohistochemistry testing.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Feng Zhu, Qinfang Ou, Jian Zheng, Min Zhou, Huaxin Chen, Xiufeng Jiang
Summary: The study evaluated the value of IL-27 in the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary TB, finding that BALF IL-27 had a higher diagnostic value for TB, especially in patients with negative smear results. Serum IL-27 could also serve as an auxiliary method for TB screening.
Article
Oncology
Lei Li, Zhujia Ye, Sai Yang, Hao Yang, Jing Jin, Yingying Zhu, Jinsheng Tao, Siyu Chen, Jiehan Xu, Yanying Liu, Weihe Liang, Bo Wang, Mengzhu Yang, Qiaoyun Huang, Zhiwei Chen, Weimin Li, Jian-Bing Fan, Dan Liu
Summary: A 5-marker model was developed to differentiate pulmonary adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from benign diseases, especially for infection, inflammation, and tuberculosis, with high diagnostic accuracy. The model's performance is not affected by gender, age, smoking history, or the solid components of nodules.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristel S. Knudsen, Sverre Lehmann, Rune Nielsen, Solveig Tangedal, Ingvild Haaland, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Tomas M. Eagan
Summary: The study found differences in microbial diversity and antimicrobial peptide levels between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and healthy controls, suggesting that changes in the microbiome of IPF may be related to microaspiration.
Article
Microbiology
Peng Xu, Ke Yang, Lei Yang, Zhongli Wang, Fang Jin, Yubao Wang, Jing Feng
Summary: This study found that next-generation metagenome sequencing (mNGS) using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples has high accuracy in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). Specifically, mNGS combined with Xpert can improve the detection of PTB, especially in acid-fast staining (AFS) sputum smear-negative samples from patients with compromised immune states or poor responses to empirical antibiotics.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Haoshen Feng, Lili Yan, Yabin Zhao, Zhenhua Li, Jian Kang
Summary: Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a highly heterogeneous granulomatous disease with no specific symptoms. This study found that neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can indicate the severity and prognosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis, with high neutrophil counts associated with lower forced vital capacity and higher likelihood of relapse after corticosteroid treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Khaja Mafij Uddin, Md Fahim Ather, Sharmin Akter, Rumana Nasrin, Tanjina Rahman, Sk Nazmul Kabir, S. M. Mazidur Rahman, Stephane Pouzol, Jonathan Hoffmann, Sayera Banu
Summary: In this study, the diagnostic performances of different test methods for tuberculosis diagnosis using BAL fluid specimens were evaluated. The Xpert assay showed a significant diagnostic potential compared to culture and AFB microscopy, with higher sensitivity and specificity, as well as a higher diagnostic value.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandros Kalkanis, Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Dries Testelmans, Alexandra Kopitopoulou, Eva Boeykens, Els Wauters
Summary: Detecting molecular markers in bronchoscopy samples, specifically BALF, can enhance lung cancer diagnosis efficiency and evaluate tumor progression microenvironment. BALF analysis enables the detection of predictive and prognostic biomarkers and guides treatment choices and evaluation of therapy-induced toxicities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung-Taek Kwon, Yoonjin Kim, Seonyoung Choi, Byung-Ll Yoon, Hyun-Sook Kim, Ilseob Shim, Donggeun Sul
Summary: This study provides insights into the cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress induced by CuO NPs in rat lungs. Proteomic analysis identified potential toxicological biomarkers of CuO NPs and revealed the underlying toxicity mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ziwei Wu, Ling Wang, Li Tan, Jiali Wu, Zhiyang Chen, Min Hu
Summary: The study demonstrates that detection of GM in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is more sensitive for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients compared to serum GM detection. The optimal cutoff value for BALF GM is 0.87, with high sensitivity and specificity.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun Li, Qiusheng Jing, Zhimin Hu, Xuan Wang, Yan Hu, Jing Zhang, Li Li
Summary: The current study aimed to clarify the classification, function, and recruitment of local antigen-specific memory T cells in the lungs and blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The study found that the ratio of effective memory T cells was highest in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients. The CXCL9/CXCL11-CXCR3 axis may play a role in the chemotaxis of memory T cells from the peripheral blood to the lungs. CD4+TEM and TEMRA cells in BALF may have exhausted, particularly the cytokine-producing TEM cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jooae Choe, Byoung Soo Kwon, Kyung-Hyun Do, Hee Sang Hwang, Jin Woo Song, Eun Jin Chae
Summary: This study examined the implications of the 2018 updated guideline for IPF diagnosis compared to the 2011 guideline, finding moderate reliability and fair interobserver agreement for probable UIP. The study also revealed that patients with indeterminate UIP CT pattern had a better prognosis, and probable UIP showed lower positive predictive value compared to possible UIP. Additionally, BAL fluid analysis improved diagnostic certainty for IPF diagnosis in patients with probable UIP CT pattern.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
