Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiang Lai, Lin Qi, Shi Chen, Shaoguang Ma, Yuanzhi Zhou, Pingchao Fang, Rui Yu, Shuang Li, Jun Huang, Jie Zheng
Summary: The Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation lacustrine shale oil is a highly potential unconventional hydrocarbon resource in Southwest China. This study used various methods to analyze the pore structure and its controlling factors in the Lianggaoshan Formation lacustrine shale reservoir, including NMR, SEM, LTNA, and high pressure mercury intrusion mercury injection capillary pressure. The results showed that the shale reservoir can be categorized into three types based on lithology combination, with Type C shale having the highest organic pores proportion, nanopore development, and pore volume and surface area. The nanopores in Lianggaoshan lacustrine shales are mainly mesopores and some macropores, dominated by micropores in terms of pore volume and surface area. The enrichment of organic matter has little effect on micropore development but affects the development of mesopores and macropores. Quartz particles and clay minerals do not significantly contribute to the development of micropores and mesopores-macropores, while intraparticle pore in feldspar clast is an important component of mesopores and macropores.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jianchao Cai, Zhenhua Tian, Shangwen Zhou, Yihua Xiong, Chenhao Sun, Jianhui Zeng
Summary: This study focuses on the quantitative characterization of fluid storage and structural properties of deep Longmaxi Formation shale samples from southern Sichuan Basin. Experiments including nuclear magnetic resonance and nitrogen adsorption are conducted to analyze pore distribution complexity and pore surface irregularity, which are controlled by factors such as stratigraphic division and shale composition. The research findings suggest that the storage capacity and microstructural properties of deep shales are influenced by stratigraphic division and shale composition.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tian Dong, Lei Kang, Yifan Zhang, Yuan Gao
Summary: The evaluation of pore characteristics in lacustrine shales is important for shale oil and gas exploration. However, there have been limited reports on the quantitative evaluation of lacustrine pores due to complex depositional environments. In this study, experiments were conducted on lacustrine shale core samples to quantitatively characterize the pores. The results provide a reference for shale oil evaluation and complement studies on lacustrine pore characteristics.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Duan, Tong Xie, Yi Wang, Yanlin Zhang, Wanzhong Shi, Yongchao Lu
Summary: The siliceous shale in the Dalong Formation of Western Hubei, China, is characterized by high organic matter content, abundant organic pores, and excellent methane adsorption capacity. The development of organic pores is positively correlated with TOC and clay mineral contents, while negatively correlated with quartz and carbonate contents. The development of siliceous minerals helps preserve organic pores, facilitating the adsorption and storage of shale gas.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Waheed Hammouri, Xiaowen Guo, Mahmoud Abbas, Keqing Wang
Summary: In this study, experiments and analysis were conducted to understand the generation and evolution of nanometer-sized pores in organic-rich shale. It was found that thermal maturity has a significant impact on the formation and development of shale porosity, while the influence of mineral composition and total organic carbon is relatively small. This research provides important guidance for shale gas exploration and development by studying the formation and development of shale porosity and its correlation with thermal maturity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ji-Yuan Wang, Shao-Bin Guo
Summary: The relationship between hydrocarbon generation and the evolution of shale pore structure and its heterogeneity of continental shale was quantitatively studied in this research. The results show that hydrocarbon generation has different effects on pore heterogeneity of different scales, indicating the complexity of the relationship.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shouxu Pan, Ming Zha, Changhai Gao, Jiangxiu Qu, Xiujian Ding
Summary: This study conducted laboratory experiments on lacustrine shale samples to examine the pore structure and fractal geometry, revealing that interparticle pores and microfractures are predominant. The results showed that the pore types are relatively few and dominated by mesopores, with fractal dimension values indicating a low heterogeneity and influence from brittle minerals.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sai Xu, Zhengming Yang, Songtao Wu, Lei Wang, Wei Wei, Feng Yang, Jianchao Cai
Summary: Pore structure is a critical factor influencing the physical properties of oil and gas reservoirs, and it varies greatly with the reservoir rock type. This study analyzed the pore structures of shale and sandstone using low-pressure nitrogen adsorption experiments and fractal theory. The results showed significant differences in pore shape, distribution, specific surface area, and pore size between shale and sandstone. Fractal dimensions were found to be important parameters in characterizing the pore structure. The study highlights the usefulness of fractal theory in characterizing unconventional reservoirs.
NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ping Gao, Xianming Xiao, Guangming Meng, Gary G. Lash, Shuangjian Li, Yueqing Han
Summary: Quartz is essential for the reservoir properties of organic mudstones and plays a crucial role in shale gas production. However, the types and origins of quartz in deeply-buried mudstones in South China are poorly understood. A study of mudstone samples from the Upper Permian Dalong Formation in the Sichuan Basin revealed the presence of six major forms of quartz, of which five are authigenic. Authigenic quartz affects pore development and preservation in shale reservoirs, and moderate abundance of authigenic quartz is most favorable for pore development in deep mudstones. The DL mudstone deposits, enriched in organic matter and containing moderate contents of authigenic quartz, are especially promising targets for shale gas exploration.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Weizheng Gao, Xiangchun Chang, Pengfei Zhang, Zhongquan Liu, Zhiping Zeng, Yue Wang, Tianchen Ge
Summary: Investigations were conducted on shale samples collected from the HSX1 well in the Hashan region to determine the microscopic pore structure and its heterogeneity. The results showed that the shales mainly consist of quartz, plagioclase, calcite, and clay minerals. The primary pore types are intergranular and intragranular pores, while organic matter pores are rare. Different types of shale pore size distributions and heterogeneity were observed. The content of plagioclase, clay minerals, and quartz were found to affect the heterogeneity of micro- and mesopores and macropores.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ming Cheng, Yuhong Lei, Xiaorong Luo, Likuan Zhang, Xiangzeng Wang, Lixia Zhang, Chengfu Jiang, Jintao Yin
Summary: This study focuses on the pore types and structures of lacustrine Yanchang Shale in the Ordos Basin in China, identifying differences in porosity and pore structure between siltstone and sandstone interlayers compared to mudstones. The research helps to understand the controlling factors of pore structures in shale reservoirs and the impact of the abundance of siltstone and sandstone interlayers on total porosity.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuqi Wang, Dongxia Chen, Yuchao Wang, Wenzhi Lei, Fuwei Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the types and characteristics of shale lithofacies in the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in the Sichuan Basin. It found significant differences in pore structure among different lithofacies, with S-3 shale having the most abundant pores. Clay mineral content was identified as the main factor affecting shale pore structure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuyang Yuan, Wei Luo, Mingyang Thong, Jilei Tang, Jianhua Gao
Summary: The shale pore structure in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formation of the Jiaoshiba area in southeastern Sichuan is complex and mainly consists of organic, dissolution, and intergranular pores with dual fractal characteristics. The fractal dimension ranges between 2.5389 and 2.9126, with quartz mineral, organic matter content, and maturity positively impacting pore development. Clay mineral content, on the other hand, has a negative correlation with pore morphological complexity and micropore decrease.
FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tao Wang, Fenghua Tian, Ze Deng, Haiyan Hu
Summary: The microscopic pore characteristics of shale in marine strata in northern Yunnan and Guizhou were evaluated using FE-SEM, LT-N(2)GA, LP-CO(2)GA, and HPMA experiments. Fractal Frenkel-Halsey-Hill theory was used to analyze the fractal characteristics and discuss the adsorption pore characteristics of shale. The results showed that the shale samples had complex pore structures and open pore styles, with abundant micropores and mesopores. The fractal dimensions were positively correlated with the TOC and clay mineral contents and negatively correlated with the quartz content. Fractal analysis is helpful for understanding the pore structure and adsorption capacity of shale gas reservoirs.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Peng Li, Houjian Gong, Zhenxue Jiang, Fan Zhang, Zhikai Liang, Zipeng Wang, Yonghui Wu, Xindi Shao
Summary: This study aims to quantitatively characterize the multi-scale pore heterogeneity differences of lacustrine shale in the Funing Formation and determine the impact of total organic carbon (TOC) and lithofacies type on pore structure heterogeneity. The results show that the micro-pores of lacustrine shale are dominated by inorganic mineral pores, with small pores making up the majority of the pore volume and surface area. The increase in TOC leads to decreased fractal dimensions and pore volume, but improved connectivity.
Article
Polymer Science
Ya Yao, Benjamin J. Allardyce, Rangam Rajkhowa, Dylan Hegh, Si Qin, Ken Aldren S. Usman, Pablo Mota-Santiago, Jizhen Zhang, Peter Lynch, Xungai Wang, David L. Kaplan, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: This study demonstrates the first use of exfoliated silk nanofibers to control silk solution crystallization, resulting in all-silk pseudocomposite fibers with remarkable mechanical properties. The incorporation of silk nanofibers led to a significant increase in tensile strength and toughness. These properties can be attributed to nanofiber crystal seeding in conjunction with fiber draw.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Ken Aldren S. Usman, Christine Jurene O. Bacal, Jizhen Zhang, Si Qin, Peter A. Lynch, Pablo Mota-Santiago, Minoo Naebe, Luke C. Henderson, Dylan Y. Hegh, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: A sequential bridging strategy is reported to fabricate dense MXene films with minimal defects, significantly improving their mechanical properties while retaining high electrical conductivity and electrochemical capacitance. This work provides important insights for developing high-performance energy storage devices.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Lin, Zhenkai Wu, Xizhe Li, Zhengming Yang, Mingyi Hu, Denglin Han, Chenchen Wang, Jizhen Zhang
Summary: The characterization and quantification of the pore structures of tight oil and gas reservoir are essential for evaluation and production. In this study, the pore structures and heterogeneity of tight sandstone were investigated using digital rock technology combined with fractal theory. The results showed that the pore structure of tight sandstone is mainly flat, isolated pores, and the most seepage channels are composed of large pores. The axial heterogeneity of tight sandstone is stronger than the bulk heterogeneity, and the fractal dimension of tight sandstone is insensitive to imaging resolution. The lacunarity of high-resolution digital rock can be used to analyze the heterogeneous structures with similar fractal dimension of tight sandstone precisely.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hongda Ding, Zirong Luo, Na Kong, Zhifeng Li, Pengfei Zhao, Jizhen Zhang, Jinlong Tao
Summary: This study presents a facile and low-cost method to fabricate highly sensitive strain sensors based on a composite of natural rubber foam and Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (MXene/NR) using the dip-coating technique. The fabricated MXene/NR composite exhibits excellent sensitivity and a large working strain range, making it a promising candidate for wearable electronics.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Lv, Jizhen Zhang, Xu Zhao, Na Kong, Jinlong Tao, Ji Zhou
Summary: The effect of pore size on the capacitive performance of 2D nanomaterials is studied by fabricating flexible MXene foams with different pore structures using polystyrene spheres of varying diameters. The foam with MXene flakes and templates of similar size shows the highest gravimetric capacitance. Additionally, the introduction of carbon nanotubes further improves the electrical conductivity of the foam.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xu Zhao, Jizhen Zhang, Ke Lv, Na Kong, Yanqiu Shao, Jinlong Tao
Summary: This study reports an easily scalable wet-spinning strategy to fabricate high-strength, electrically conducting fibers with excellent energy storage performance. The fibers are made of Ti(3)C(2)T(x)MXene/carbon nanotubes (MXene/CNT) hybrid and exhibit high strength, good conductivity, and excellent energy storage performance. The hybrid fibers can be used to make high-performance textile-based energy storage devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ken Aldren S. Usman, Jizhen Zhang, Christine Jurene O. Bacal, Si Qin, Pablo Mota-Santiago, Peter A. Lynch, Minoo Naebe, Luke C. Henderson, Dylan Hegh, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: Tough, conductive, and electrochemically active fibers were fabricated through a sequential bridging strategy involving calcium cation (Ca2+) infiltration of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-bridged MXene. These fibers exhibited excellent physical and electrochemical properties, and surpassed the conductivity of their unaligned MXene counterpart.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Na Kong, Ke Lv, Wenting Chen, Jie Guan, Pengfei Zhao, Jinlong Tao, Jizhen Zhang
Summary: In this study, three-dimensional porous MXene foam was successfully constructed using natural rubber latex as sacrificial templates. This foam effectively prevents restacking of MXene nanosheets and enhances the capacitance and rate performance. The low cost of natural rubber latex makes this method suitable for producing foam electrodes on a large scale for portable and integrated supercapacitors.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Weiyan Li, Zhongqian Song, Ying He, Jizhen Zhang, Yu Bao, Wei Wang, Zhonghui Sun, Yingming Ma, Zhenbang Liu, Li Niu
Summary: A natural sedimentation-assisted method is presented for mass production of polymer-based films with Janus or gradient structures. This strategy provides new opportunities to develop more Janus functional films and explore novel properties.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Degang Jiang, Christine Jurene O. Bacal, Ken Aldren S. Usman, Jizhen Zhang, Si Qin, Dylan Hegh, Weiwei Lei, Jingquan Liu, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: Constructing highly porous structures using Ti3C2Tx MXene provides a promising strategy for achieving low density, high specific surface area, and shorter ion/molecule transport paths. However, weak interactions between MXene layers or between MXene and substrates hinder the development of robust and elastic MXene-based architectures. To overcome this challenge, a bio-inspired strategy is developed to effectively adhere MXene nanosheets onto melamine foam using covalent and hydrogen bonding interactions through polyethyleneimine/polydopamine-modification. The enhanced interactions enable high MXene loading and reversible compressibility, and the resulting foam exhibits high energy storage capability and photothermal conversion functionality.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ken Aldren S. Usman, Ya Yao, Christine Jurene O. Bacal, Jizhen Zhang, Karyn L. Jarvis, Peter A. Lynch, Pablo Mota-Santiago, Si Qin, Minoo Naebe, Luke C. Henderson, Dylan Y. Hegh, Benjamin J. Allardyce, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: It has been found that using silk fibroin biopolymer as an additive for MXene fiber production improves durability, conductivity, and volumetric capacitance. These fibers also show no cytotoxicity towards THP-1 monocytic cells, making them suitable for flexible electronics and biomedical applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jizhen Zhang, Ken Aldren S. Usman, Mia Angela N. Judicpa, Dylan Hegh, Peter A. Lynch, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: X-rays are a type of high-energy electromagnetic radiation that can penetrate objects with wavelengths ranging from 10 picometers to 10 nanometers. They offer a powerful tool for studying the atomic and elemental information of objects, similar to visible light. This review summarizes the recent progress of using X-ray-based characterization methods in MXenes, a new family of 2D nanomaterials. These methods provide important information on synthesis, elemental composition, and the assembly of MXene sheets and their composites, and new characterization methods are proposed for future research directions.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yanqiu Shao, Xu Zhao, Lin Liu, Chuang Liu, Zirong Luo, Na Kong, Jinlong Tao, Jizhen Zhang
Summary: The increasing demand for advanced fiber materials for wearable intelligent devices poses a significant challenge in improving mechanical qualities without compromising chemical properties. This study explores the impact of different CNT loadings on the physical properties of PEDOT:PSS fibers and develops a wet spinning process for the continuous fabrication of PEDOT:PSS/CNT hybrid fibers. It is found that preventing the binding and aggregation of CNT within the fibers is the main challenge in mechanically reinforced PEDOT:PSS systems.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yana Chen, Xiangyang Pei, Jizhen Zhang, Nan Wang, Denglin Han, Juan Wang, Xiao Xiao, Jianguo Wang
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the organic matter characteristics, hydrocarbon generation ability, mineral composition, physical properties, and gas bearing characteristics of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation shale in the southern Sichuan Basin. The abundance and maturity of organic matter jointly promote the enrichment of Longtan shale gas. The shale is rich in clay minerals, which is beneficial to shale gas adsorption but poses a challenge to production fracturing.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Na Kong, Jizhen Zhang, Dylan Hegh, Ken Aldren S. Usman, Si Qin, Peter A. Lynch, Wenrong Yang, Joselito M. Razal
Summary: MXene inks show promise for fabricating conductive circuits and flexible devices, and can be used with commercial rollerball pens to write electronic circuits on flexible substrates.