Review
Oncology
Inti Peredo-Harvey, Afsar Rahbar, Cecilia Soderberg-Naucler
Summary: The study found that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is highly prevalent in glioblastomas and optimized immunohistochemistry techniques are required to detect it, although there are discrepancies in detection methods and results using different techniques.
Article
Cell Biology
Alexei J. Stuckel, Shuai Zeng, Zhen Lyu, Wei Zhang, Xu Zhang, Urszula Dougherty, Reba Mustafi, Qiong Zhang, Trupti Joshi, Marc Bissonnette, Samrat Roy Choudhury, Sharad Khare
Summary: The study showed that increased expression of SPRY2 in colorectal cancer enhances cancer phenotype and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition. Additionally, the upregulation of SPRY2 protein expression was observed in CRC patient samples, along with the first-time identification of SPRY2 hypomethylation and increased 5hmC deposition in the promoter region of SPRY2 in CRC.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hanen Chelbi, Refka Jelassi, Sarra Belfkih, Amor Ben Amor, Nasreddine Saidi, Hamza Ben Salah, Nabiha Mzoughi, Imen Ben Dhifallah, Nadia Boujelben, Radhia Ammi, Aida Bouratbine, Ines Zidi, Karim Aoun
Summary: The study found a significant association between HCMV infection and CRC development, but a lack of association between CCR5 Delta 32 mutation and colorectal cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of CCR5 as a potential candidate gene for CRC susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Akitaka Yamasaki, Rikuto Miyake, Yuta Hara, Hideki Okuno, Takuya Imaida, Kouki Okita, Shogo Okazaki, Yasutoshi Akiyama, Kenji Hirotani, Yuichi Endo, Kazue Masuko, Takashi Masuko, Yoshihisa Tomioka
Summary: This study found that the co-expression of HER3 and MET in colorectal cancer cell lines is associated with cell proliferation. Stimulation of both receptors enhanced cell proliferation more than individual stimulation alone. Moreover, inhibiting HER3 and MET effectively suppressed cell proliferation and tumor growth in colorectal cancer. Therefore, dual targeting of HER3 and MET has potential as a therapy for colorectal cancer.
Article
Oncology
Yiping Liu, Hanlin Chen, Hua Bao, Jinfeng Zhang, Runda Wu, Lingjun Zhu
Summary: This study identified FBXW7 alterations in colorectal cancer patients and found that these mutations were associated with higher tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and lower chromosomal instability scores. Patients with FBXW7 mutations showed better overall survival, but those with the R465C mutation had worse overall survival compared to other FBXW7 mutations and to all other patients. In patients with microsatellite instability, the FBXW7 mutated group showed higher rates of M1 macrophage, CD8+ T cell, and regulatory T cell infiltration, as well as enrichment of multiple immune-related gene sets.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yijun Li, Xiaoxu Liu, Heyan Chen, Peiling Xie, Rulan Ma, Jianjun He, Huimin Zhang
Summary: The research found that CALR is expressed in different stages of tumors and is associated with relapse free survival, with mutations of CALR widely present in tumors. CALR interacts with different genes and proteins, and is closely related to various immune cells in tumors.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhenyuan Ning, Zhangxin Zhao, Qianjin Feng, Wufan Chen, Qing Xiao, Yu Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a mutual-assistance learning paradigm is proposed for standalone mono-modality survival analysis of cancers, which leverages the knowledge of multi-modality data to guide the representation learning of an individual modality, formulates mutual-assistance regression and ranking functions independent of strong hypotheses, and integrates representation learning and survival modeling into a unified mutual-assistance framework for improving the performance of mono-modality survival model.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jeesu Kim, Byullee Park, Jeonghoon Ha, Idan Steinberg, Sarah M. Hooper, Chaiho Jeong, Eun-Yeong Park, Wonseok Choi, Tie Liang, Ja Seong Bae, Ravi Managuli, Yongmin Kim, Sanjiv S. Gambhir, Dong-Jun Lim, Chulhong Kim
Summary: This study explored the use of multiparametric photoacoustic analysis combined with the American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guideline to diagnose thyroid cancers, showing promising results in distinguishing PTC nodules from benign ones. The newly proposed ATAP scoring method achieved a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 93%, indicating its potential in reducing unnecessary biopsies for thyroid nodules.
Article
Oncology
Mattia Russel Pantalone, Nerea Martin Almazan, Rossano Lattanzio, Chato Taher, Simone De Fabritiis, Silvia Valentinuzzi, Faraz Bishehsari, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Fabio Verginelli, Afsar Rahbar, Renato Mariani-Costantini, Cecilia Soderberg-Naucler
Summary: This study investigated the association between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and colorectal cancer (CRC). The findings showed that HCMV infection was correlated with the expression of pro-inflammatory enzymes and other genetic and clinicopathological features of CRC. In vitro experiments also demonstrated that HCMV infection promoted cell proliferation in CRC cells, which could be inhibited by antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyusang Hwang, Jin Hwan Yoon, Ji Hyun Lee, Sukmook Lee
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have led to the development of therapeutic antibodies for CRC therapy. There are also increasing numbers of therapeutic targets identified, including growth factors, receptors, and immune checkpoint proteins in CRC. Additionally, the current status of monoclonal antibodies for CRC therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration is discussed.
Review
Oncology
Simon Manuel Tria, Matthew E. Burge, Vicki L. J. Whitehall
Summary: More than a third of colorectal cancers have a KRAS mutation, posing a challenge for the development of direct targeting inhibitors. Recent advancements have led to the development of new generation inhibitors specifically targeting the G12C KRAS mutation, such as Adagrasib and Sotorasib. Therapeutic regimens are being developed to address resistance to these inhibitors and improve treatment outcomes.
Article
Immunology
Ling Peng, Jisheng Li, Jie Wu, Bin Xu, Zhiqiang Wang, Georgios Giamas, Justin Stebbing, Zhentao Yu
Summary: This study provides insights into the potential oncogenic roles of SMARCA4 in different tumors, showing high expression levels in most cancer types and correlation with poor overall survival in several cancers. Enhanced phosphorylation levels, tumor immunity correlation, and associations with DNA methylation, TMB, MSI, and MMR in cancers were also observed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Snehangshu Kundu, Luis Nunes, Jeremy Adler, Lucy Mathot, Ivaylo Stoimenov, Tobias Sjoblom
Summary: This study analyzed a large number of somatic mutations in various tumor types and conducted in vitro validation, revealing the impact of EPHB1 mutations on cell compartmentalisation. It is the first integrative study of pan-cancer EPH receptor mutations, demonstrating the utility of protein structure-based mutation analysis in identification of novel cancer genes.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michelle A. Fisher, Megan L. Lloyd
Summary: MCMV is used to model HCMV diseases, with laboratory mouse genetic backgrounds affecting disease severity. The advent of genetically modified mice and viruses has allowed new disease aspects to be modeled.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Stephen M. Matthews, Ian J. Groves, Christine M. O'Connor
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a betaherpesvirus that establishes lifelong infection in its host and can cause severe comorbidities in individuals with suppressed or compromised immune systems. The lifecycle of HCMV consists of lytic and latent phases, largely dependent upon the cell type infected and whether transcription from the major immediate early locus can ensue. Epigenetic regulation through chromatinization, chromatin modifiers, and transcription factor recruitment play important roles in controlling gene expression from the HCMV genome during infection.