Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yuhao Hao, Rui Li, Yuanzeng Min
Summary: This paper presents a promising strategy for cancer treatment by designing a twin drug MROP, which shows enhanced therapeutic efficacy in combination with anti-PD-1 in a colorectal cancer mouse model. Mechanistic analyses reveal that the combination treatment induces immunogenic cell death and regulates tumor-infiltrating immune cells, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
KimAnh T. Pioli, Kin H. Lau, Peter D. Pioli
Summary: Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) play important roles in humoral immunity through immunoglobulin production and potential longevity. It has been discovered that ASCs exist in healthy thymus tissue, with young females exhibiting higher production than males, but this difference disappears with age. These thymic ASCs consist of Ki-67(+) plasmablasts that require CD154(CD40L) signals for propagation. Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that thymic ASCs have an enriched interferon responsive transcriptional signature compared to those from bone marrow and spleen. Flow cytometry confirmed elevated levels of Toll-like receptor 7, CD69, and major histocompatibility complex class II in thymic ASCs. Overall, this study identified key aspects of thymic ASC biology that can be further studied in both healthy and pathological conditions.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fatemeh Oroojalian, Mohammad Beygi, Behzad Baradaran, Ahad Mokhtarzadeh, Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
Summary: Nanotechnology offers promising opportunities for cancer management, particularly through biomimetic approaches using immune cell membranes to coat nanoparticles for improved stability and targeting; the surface proteins from immune cells can provide various functionalities to nanoparticles, enhancing their efficacy and reducing toxicity.
Review
Cell Biology
Claudia A. Rivera, Ana-Maria Lennon-Dumenil
Summary: This article introduces the intestine as the body's largest proportion of immune cells, continuously exposed to new antigens and immune stimuli from the diet, microbiota, and intestinal pathogens. It describes the main populations of immune cells present in the intestine from both the innate and adaptive immune system. The article later discusses how the intestinal niches significantly impact the phenotype and function of gut immune populations during steady state and infection.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuanwei Pan, Xuehua Ma, Chuang Liu, Jie Xing, Suqiong Zhou, Badri Parshad, Tanja Schwerdtle, Wenzhong Li, Aiguo Wu, Rainer Haag
Summary: A targeted and RA-loaded nanoplatform was developed to effectively suppress the growth of breast cancer stem cells and tumor formation through multivalent targeted capability and synergistic effect of photothermal therapy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meng Li, Yonggang Huang, Huimin Jin, Daixiu Yuan, Ke Huang, Jing Wang, Bie Tan, Yulong Yin
Summary: Vitamin A and its metabolite retinoic acid have important regulatory effects on intestinal mucosal immunity and enteric nervous system function. This study found that vitamin A can protect the gut barrier, reduce diarrhea incidence, and alleviate enteric gliosis, immune cell infiltration, and inflammatory responses induced by CPT-11.
Review
Immunology
Wen Cao, Dongsheng Fan
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor neuron loss. Dysregulated peripheral immunity, particularly the role of neutrophils, has been implicated in ALS pathogenesis. Understanding the functions of neutrophils in ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets could provide insights into slowing disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto, Ciro Alexandre Merces Goncalves, Phelipe Wilde, Jason R. Jaggers, Geraldo Barroso Cavalcanti, Valeria Soraya de Farias Sales, Radames Maciel Vitor Medeiros, Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas, Breno Guilherme de Araujo Tinoco Cabral
Summary: The aim of this study is to analyze whether immune responses after strenuous exercise are influenced by chronological age and fitness level in physically active healthy men. The results showed that chronological age had a moderate effect on immune markers, while fitness level had no significant effect.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wei Liang, Napoleone Ferrara
Summary: Cells of the innate immune system, especially neutrophils and macrophages, play crucial roles in regulating cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and responses to therapeutics in the tumor microenvironment. Alterations in iron metabolism are associated with increased risks of cancer development, highlighting the importance of understanding the contribution of innate immune cells in dysregulated iron metabolism in malignant cells. This review discusses the impact of iron metabolism on cancer growth and metastasis, and explores potential strategies for managing iron content in cancer cells through targeting the properties of macrophages and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Amelie V. Bos, Martje N. Erkelens, Sebastiaan T. A. Koenders, Mario van der Stelt, Marjolein van Egmond, Reina E. Mebius
Summary: The uptake and metabolism of vitamin A within human immune cells has been difficult to study due to the small, lipophilic nature of retinoids. By synthesizing novel bio-orthogonal retinoid-based probes, researchers were able to monitor retinoid molecules in real-time in immune cells, revealing that various immune cell subsets have the capacity to internalize and metabolize retinoids. This study sheds light on the mechanism of vitamin A metabolism and its importance for human adaptive immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chanhee Jeon, Hayoung Jun, Sooyeon Kim, Nanhee Song, Manseok Yang, Changjin Lim, Dongwon Lee
Summary: Researchers have developed fucoidan-coated BORA-incorporated liposomes (f-BORALP) which have multiple therapeutic actions triggered by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), making them potential targeted antithrombotic nanomedicine.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Megha Srinivas, Preeti Sharma, Siddharth Jhunjhunwala
Summary: Research findings suggest that immune cells can phagocytose particles under constant fluidic flow. Different cell types show similar or better uptake rates under flow conditions. Even in the presence of crowded red blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes are able to uptake particles while flowing.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geoffrey Brown
Summary: All-trans retinoic acid plays a role in embryogenesis and also acts as a teratogen. The deregulation of cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenases in various human cancers affects the synthesis of all-trans retinoic acid. Inhibiting these enzymes reduces cancer cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity. RAR gamma is an oncogene in several types of cancer, and inhibiting its action leads to cancer cell death. Targeting the retinoic acid pathway shows promise in eliminating cancer stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wen Zhang, Tiancheng Qin, Zhenrong Yang, Liyuan Yin, Changyun Zhao, Lin Feng, Song Lin, Binlei Liu, Shujun Cheng, Kaitai Zhang
Summary: The study found that telomerase-positive circulating tumor cells can predict poor prognosis in patients with glioma, correlating with neutrophil activation. RNA sequencing results showed that postoperative CTCs were positively correlated with innate immune responses, but negatively correlated with cytotoxic response.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hayoung Jun, Chanhee Jeon, Sooyeon Kim, Nanhee Song, Hanui Jo, Manseok Yang, Dongwon Lee
Summary: A strategy of converting atRA into injectable antithrombotic nanoparticles using a boronate linker has been developed, demonstrating high therapeutic efficacy in inhibiting thrombus formation.
