Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 301-312Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2013.2282168
Keywords
Explicit model; Lambert W function; maximum power point (MPP); partial shading; photovoltaic (PV) string; simplified formulae
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Funding
- PROPONTIS Foundation
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In this paper, a reformulation of the widely used one-diode model of the photovoltaic (PV) cell is introduced, employing the Lambert function. This leads to an efficient PV string model, where the terminal voltage is expressed as an explicit function of the current, resulting in significantly reduced calculation times and improved robustness of simulation. The model is experimentally validated and then used for studying the operation of PV strings under partial shading conditions. Various shading patterns are investigated to outline the effect on the string I - V and P - V characteristics. Simplified formulae are then derived to calculate the maximum power points of a PV string operating under any number of irradiance levels, without resorting to detailed modeling and simulation. Both the explicit model and the simplified expressions are intended for application in shading loss and energy yield calculations.
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