Review
Plant Sciences
Zengqiang Li, Lan Zhu, Fameng Zhao, Jiaqi Li, Xin Zhang, Xiangjun Kong, Honghong Wu, Zhiyong Zhang
Summary: This article discusses the mechanisms of nano-enabled plant salt tolerance, such as regulating oxidative stress and maintaining ion homeostasis, and explores the possible roles of plant hormones and molecular mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Fei Xiao, Huapeng Zhou
Summary: Salt stress is a significant environmental factor that has a severe impact on plant growth and development. Plant responses to salt stress involve various mechanisms, including osmoregulation, redox and ionic homeostasis regulation, hormone or light signal-mediated growth adjustment, which are regulated by different functional components. Understanding these mechanisms and identifying critical genes involved in salt response and adaptation are essential for developing salt-tolerant cultivars. This review highlights the current research progress in regulatory networks for plant salt tolerance, focusing on the mechanisms of salt stress perception, signaling, and tolerance response. Additionally, the potential contribution of microbiota and nanobiotechnology to plant salt tolerance is discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuangshuang Zhao, Qikun Zhang, Mingyue Liu, Huapeng Zhou, Changle Ma, Pingping Wang
Summary: Plants adapt to high-salt environments by regulating ion balance, activating osmotic stress pathways, mediating plant hormone signaling, and adjusting cytoskeleton dynamics and cell wall composition in response to salt stress signals. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for improving agricultural crop yields.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiliu Cheng, Qiang He, Sha Tang, Haoran Wang, Xiangxiang Zhang, Mingjie Lv, Huafeng Liu, Qian Gao, Yue Zhou, Qi Wang, Xinyu Man, Jun Liu, Rongfeng Huang, Huan Wang, Tao Chen, Jie Liu
Summary: The miRNA miR172 acts as a positive regulator of salt tolerance in cereal crops, especially in maintaining ROS homeostasis during salt stress by balancing the expression of a group of ROS-scavenging genes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Fortunato, Cecilia Lasorella, Nunzio Dipierro, Federico Vita, Maria Concetta de Pinto
Summary: The increase in environmental temperature due to global warming has a critical impact on plant growth and productivity. Heat stress can cause damage to biochemical and physiological processes, but plants have defense mechanisms, such as the heat stress response (HSR), which involves a complex network of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can act as signal molecules in HSR, depending on the balance between their production and scavenging. Antioxidants play a critical role in maintaining an optimal redox environment, but the HS-dependent ROS burst triggers redox-dependent signaling cascades in the cell.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Szechynska-Hebda, Maria Lewandowska, Damian Witon, Yosef Fichman, Ron Mittler, Stanislaw M. Karpinski
Summary: A new type of plant-to-plant direct communication involving electrical signaling, reactive oxygen species, and photosystem networks is revealed, showing long-distance signal transmission and adaptation in a plant community.
Review
Horticulture
Shanhu Hao, Yiran Wang, Yunxiu Yan, Yuhang Liu, Jingyao Wang, Su Chen
Summary: The article reviews the damage of salt stress to plants, the physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance, and stress-related signaling pathways, while also enumerating some salt stress-responsive genes. It concludes by outlining the present approaches and techniques to improve salt tolerance of plants.
Review
Plant Sciences
Ambra S. Parmagnani, Massimo E. Maffei
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in Ca2+ signaling upon herbivory and reviews the most recent Ca2+ imaging techniques and methods.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aikaterini Berdiaki, Monica Neagu, Ioanna Spyridaki, Andrey Kuskov, Serge Perez, Dragana Nikitovic
Summary: Hyaluronan (HA) is a natural compound that is found on the cell surface and tissue extracellular matrix. It is synthesized by enzymes and degraded by other substances. HA has different effects on the body depending on its molecular weight, with high molecular weight HA being anti-inflammatory and low molecular weight HA being pro-inflammatory. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can degrade HA and affect vascular integrity, while HA can also play a role in wound healing. Understanding the interactions between ROS and HA is an important research topic.
Review
Plant Sciences
Hana Daryanavard, Anthony E. Postiglione, Joelle K. Muhlemann, Gloria K. Muday
Summary: This review summarizes the important functions of flavonols in plant growth and development. Mutants with reduced flavonol levels, especially the transparent testa mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, have contributed to our understanding of flavonol biosynthesis. These mutants have also revealed the roles of flavonols in controlling development in different tissues and cell types, including root architecture, guard cell signaling, and pollen development. Recent progress has highlighted that flavonols function as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and inhibitors of auxin transport, modulating plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ilona Turek, Chris Gehring, Helen Irving
Summary: Plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs) are hormonal peptides that affect plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress, and their interaction with proteins like rubisco activase (RCA) plays a role in regulating stress responses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Feiyu Yan, Haimin Wei, Yanfeng Ding, Weiwei Li, Lin Chen, Chengqiang Ding, She Tang, Yu Jiang, Zhenghui Liu, Ganghua Li
Summary: Rice seedlings pretreated with melatonin showed increased salt tolerance and dry weight under salt stress by inhibiting Na+ accumulation, enhancing K+ retention, and improving Na+/K+ homeostasis. Melatonin also enhanced the ability of rice roots to selectively absorb K+ and exclude Na+, as well as increased sensitivity of Na+/K+ transporters to nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide. This was attributed to an increase in ATP content and H+-pump activity in roots after melatonin pretreatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md. Ataur Rahman, Kazi Rejvee Ahmed, Farzana Haque, Moon Nyeo Park, Bonglee Kim
Summary: Autophagy is a fundamental process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival. It involves the degradation of cellular components to generate energy and maintain stability. It has been found to play a crucial role in disease progression and maintaining redox equilibrium.
Review
Plant Sciences
Md. Sanaullah Biswas, Jun'ichi Mano
Summary: Oxidation of membrane lipids leads to the formation of bioactive compounds known as oxylipins, including a group of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) that play a crucial role in connecting ROS stimuli and cellular responses in plants. By controlling RCS-scavenging enzymes or adding RCS-scavenging chemicals, various plant responses to ROS can be suppressed.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nanshan Du, Lu Xue, Dongqi Xue, Xiaoxing Dong, Qian Yang, Mohammad Shah Jahan, Hui Guo, Ruike Fu, Yanhui Wang, Fengzhi Piao
Summary: The NAC transcription factor SlNAP1 in tomato positively regulates salt tolerance by regulating ion homeostasis and ROS metabolism.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Trang H. Nguyen, Ilona Turek, Terri Meehan-Andrews, Anita Zacharias, Helen R. Irving
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to investigate the expression and effects of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) on inflammatory markers. The results showed a negative correlation between IRAK3 and TNF-alpha expression in the immunosuppression phase of sepsis. Furthermore, species differences and variations in experimental procedures influenced the reliability of the results.
Article
Polymer Science
Akesh Babu Kakarla, Ing Kong, Cin Kong, Helen Irving
Summary: A novel hydrogel-based ink composed of Alg reinforced with f-BNNTs was developed in this study, showing good structural stability and improved thermal stability when f-BNNTs were incorporated into the scaffolds. Cell viability experiments indicated a slight effect on toxicity with higher concentrations of BNNTs in the scaffolds.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Akesh B. Kakarla, Ing Kong, Ilona Turek, Cin Kong, Helen Irving
Summary: A novel printable hydrogel-based ink solution comprised of gelatin-alginate (GA) reinforced by boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) was developed for 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering applications. The research showed that increasing the concentration of BNNTs improved printability and printing accuracy, but also affected the swelling rate of the scaffold. The study suggests that BNNTs reinforced GA scaffold could be a potential ink solution for tissue engineering applications through 3D bioprinting processes.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Biology
W. Sievers, C. Kettle, R. A. Green, L. Van Schaik, M. W. Hale, H. R. Irving, D. R. Whelan, J. A. Rathner
Summary: This study investigated the thermogenic effects of estrogen in male rats. The results showed that peripherally administered estrogen had no significant effects on thermogenesis, heart rate, or blood pressure. However, centrally administered estrogen increased both brown adipose tissue and core temperature in the rats.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trang H. Nguyen, Anna Axell, Ilona Turek, Bree Wright, Terri Meehan-Andrews, Helen R. Irving
Summary: IRAK3 is a critical molecule in regulating inflammatory responses, and the pseudokinase domain of IRAK3 contains a guanylate cyclase center that generates small amounts of cGMP. Low levels of cGMP play a critical role in suppressing cytokine production and mediating IRAK3 action.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Correction
Physiology
Lachlan Van Schaik, Christine Kettle, Rod Green, Daniel Wundersitz, Brett Gordon, Helen R. Irving, Joseph A. Rathner
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bushra Saeed, Florian Deligne, Carla Brillada, Kai Duenser, Franck Aniset Ditengou, Ilona Turek, Alaa Allahham, Nenad Grujic, Yasin Dagdas, Thomas Ott, Juergen Kleine-Vehn, Gregory Vert, Marco Trujillo
Summary: Unlike other eukaryotic model organisms, the main sources of K63-linked Ub chains in Arabidopsis are UBC35 and UBC36. Previous research has associated K63-linked chains with vesicle trafficking regulation but lacked definitive evidence for their role in endocytosis. This study demonstrates that K63-Ub chains are essential for endocytic trafficking in plants and are also involved in selective autophagy through the interaction with NBR1. These findings highlight the importance of K63-Ub chains in maintaining proteostasis in plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilona Turek, Trang H. Nguyen, Charles Galea, Isaiah Abad, Lubna Freihat, David T. Manallack, Tony Velkov, Helen Irving
Summary: Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) regulates cellular responses to IL-1Rs and TLRs, leading to decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressed inflammation. The mechanism of IRAK3's action is unknown, but it functions as a guanylate cyclase and its cGMP product inhibits NF-κB activity. By mutagenesis and analysis, we identified residues in and near the catalytic center of IRAK3 that affect NF-κB activity and subcellular localization in HEK293T cells. Mutant IRAK3 variants with reduced cGMP generation capacity and altered NF-κB activity fail to rescue IRAK3 function in LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocytes unless a cGMP analog is present.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Santosh T. R. B. Rao, Ilona Turek, Julian Ratcliffe, Simone Beckham, Cassandra Cianciarulo, Siti S. B. M. Y. Adil, Christine Kettle, Donna R. Whelan, Helen R. Irving
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of 5-HT3 receptor subunits in intracellular and cell-free mitochondria. A and E subunits were found to be localized on the inner membrane of the mitochondria and could form heteromeric complexes. Cell-free mitochondria colocalized with the fluorescent signal for A subunits. The presence of A and E subunits affected changes in membrane potential and mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates upon exposure to serotonin, which were inhibited by pre-treatment with ondansetron. It is likely that the 5-HT3 receptors on mitochondria directly impact mitochondrial function and may have therapeutic implications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Santosh T. R. B. Rao, Ilona Turek, Helen R. Irving
Summary: 5-HT3 receptors are widely distributed in animals from different phyla, with the Chordata phylum being the most abundant. Through multiple sequence alignment of receptor protein sequences, common critical amino acid residues in the ligand binding region were discovered. This finding is significant for understanding the evolutionary patterns of 5-HT3 receptors and their potential effects on parasitic and other species in ecosystems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siti Saleha Binte Mohamed Yakob Adil, Mwila Kabwe, Cassandra Cianciarulo, Trang Hong Nguyen, Helen Irving, Joseph Tucci
Summary: Microbial resistance to antibiotics is a significant challenge, and bacteriophages may serve as an alternative or adjunct to traditional antibiotics. This study investigates the immune effects of bacteriophage FNU1 on immune cells, particularly its modulation through IRAK3. The findings suggest that IRAK3 regulates immune responses to endotoxins and impurities in bacteriophage preparations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Akesh Babu Kakarla, Ing Kong, Cin Kong, Helen Irving, Colleen J. Thomas
Summary: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technique for tissue or organ redevelopment, but the limited availability of suitable bioinks is a major challenge. This study explores the use of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) reinforced gelatin and alginate bioink to improve structural integrity and successfully print scaffolds with incorporated cells.