Article
Cell Biology
Robert Setton, Philip Xie, Zev Rosenwaks, Gianpiero D. Palermo
Summary: Oocyte-mediated somatic cell haploidization is a feasible technique for creating functional gametes in mammals. Experimental data have shown successful reconstruction of murine oocytes, resulting in a blastocyst formation rate of 12.7% and a diploid embryo rate of 27.3%. This method has the potential to generate patient-genotyped oocytes, but further research is needed to improve the generation of chromosomally normal embryos.
Review
Immunology
Shreyasee Hazra, Suman Kalyan Dinda, Naba Kumar Mondal, Sk Rajjack Hossain, Pratyay Datta, Afsana Yasmin Mondal, Pushkar Malakar, Dipak Manna
Summary: This article explores the formation of Multinucleated Giant Cells (MGCs) in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba. The formation of MGCs is a unique phenomenon in Entamoeba and is thought to be a survival strategy to cope with adverse environmental conditions. MGCs have increased resistance to stress and may play a role in the virulence of Entamoeba. The study of MGCs in Entamoeba provides valuable insights into the biology of this organism and opens up avenues for potential therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Attinder Chadha, Kris Chadee
Summary: Protozoan parasites evade host defenses by hijacking host cellular signaling pathways and transcription factors, with the NF-kappa B pathway being a key target. These parasites manipulate the NF-kappa B pathway to thwart immune responses and ensure survival in the host.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Elizabeth J. de Koster, Willem E. Corver, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Wim J. G. Oyen, Dina Ruano, Abbey Schepers, Marieke Snel, Tom van Wezel, Dennis Vriens, Hans Morreau
Summary: This study described the patterns of copy number alterations (CNA) in benign and malignant oncocytic cell thyroid neoplasms (OCN) using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. The study found that the CNA patterns differed between benign and malignant cases, and suggested the application of CNA-LOH analysis using the NGS panel in the molecular diagnostics of OCN.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gwangho Yoon, Yeong-Hwan Lim, Danbi Jo, Juhee Ryu, Juhyun Song, Young-Kook Kim
Summary: Metabolic syndromes, including obesity, result in neuropathophysiological changes in the brain leading to cognitive deficits. A recently identified obesity-linked circRNA, circTshz2-2, was found to affect neuronal cell cycle and spatial memory. Dysregulation of circTshz2-2 alters gene expression related to cell division, impacts cell cycle progression, and influences memory function, highlighting a potential link between metabolic syndromes and cognitive impairments.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rafael Juarez, Michael J. Loughlin, Antonio J. Lopez-Revelles, Gabriel Pedroche, Aljaz Kolsek, Patrick Sauvan, Javier Sanz
Summary: The future of nuclear energy in the energy mix is facing challenges in safety scrutiny and cost control, with both fission and fusion technologies aiming for safer and more efficient development. Accurate prediction and analysis of radiation conditions are essential for the advancement of nuclear energy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingqing Yan, Jing Wang, Linda Zhang, Jiaqi Liu, Mohammad Wahiduzzaman, Nana Yan, Liang Yu, Romain Dupuis, Hao Wang, Guillaume Maurin, Michael Hirscher, Peng Guo, Sujing Wang, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: The separation of deuterium from hydrogen isotope mixtures is crucial for the development of the nuclear energy industry and other isotope-related technologies. A squarate-pillared titanium oxide hybrid framework has been successfully designed and shows impressive performance in deuterium separation, as well as cost-effective synthesis and stability under various conditions. These findings are a step towards the development of practical materials for quantum sieving of important gas isotopes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prashant K. Singh, Parvin Varmazyar, Bence Nagy, Joon-Gon Son, Sargis Ter-Avetisyan, Karoly Osvay
Summary: This article presents the spatial characterization of a 0.5 MeV proton beam generated by intense laser-foil interaction. The proton beam was used to obtain high-resolution radiographs of a fine mesh. The beam has a small source size and low divergence, resulting in an ultralow transverse emittance that is significantly smaller than that of a conventional accelerator beam.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mehmet Aydin
Summary: Nuclear energy, including nuclear fission and fusion, has complex environmental effects and requires careful consideration. This study examines the relationship between nuclear energy consumption, nuclear reactors, and load capacity factor in eight countries using time-domain and frequency-domain causality tests. The results differ between these tests, with the frequency-domain test revealing causal relationships in the short, intermediate, and long run, while the time-domain test showing no causal relationship. The findings suggest the need for effective policies and investments in nuclear energy and technologies to improve environmental quality.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Agnieszka Kielkowska, Waldemar Kiszczak
Summary: This paper presents the historical background and current status of haploid induction in carrot, and discusses the potential of haploidization technology in carrot breeding. The methods of androgenesis, gynogenesis, and induced parthenogenesis, as well as the manipulation of the centromere-specific histone 3 variant (CENH3) in carrot, are also acknowledged.
Article
Microbiology
Philippe M. Hauser, Joao M. G. C. F. Almeida, Sophie Richard, Caroline S. Meier
Summary: Pneumocystis species are obligate fungal biotrophs that cause deadly pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts. This study explores the initiation of their sexual phase and whether cell fusion and nucleus duplication occur simultaneously.
Article
Microbiology
Carolina Mendoza Cavazos, Marienela Y. Y. Heredia, Leah A. A. Owens, Laura J. J. Knoll
Summary: Infection with parasites from the Entamoeba genus is an underreported cause of diarrheal disease, primarily affecting tropical regions. Among the various species of Entamoeba that infect humans, only Entamoeba histolytica causes severe disease. This study describes the development of a fecal-oral mouse model for E. histolytica, which will be valuable for the development of therapeutic options for Entamoeba infections.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Junho Won, Jaehyun Song, Seongmin Lee, Chiwan Song, Woosuk Bang
Summary: We propose a scaling law (Y similar to E-beta) for fusion neutron yields (Y) in laser-cluster fusion experiments based on laser pulse energy (E). By comparing neutron yield data from previous deuterium cluster fusion experiments with calculations using a cylindrical fusion plasma model, we find that the calculated neutron yields depend on the incident laser pulse energy, average number density, and ion temperature. The neutron yield increases modestly above 10 keV for a given laser pulse energy despite the rapid increase in deuterium-deuterium fusion reactivity with ion temperature. The scaling exponent beta approaches 1.0 as the ion temperature increases from 1 keV to 100 keV. The observed temperature dependence of beta can be explained by the temperature dependence of beam-beam and beam-target fusion neutron yields separately. Our scaling law differs from previous scaling laws from individual experiments but agrees well with the scaling law determined by maximum neutron yields of individual experiments.
Article
Oncology
Michael Michal, Oleksandr Kravtsov, Jeffrey S. Ross, Daniela Skanderova, Petr Martinek, Elaheh Mosaieby, Douglas A. Mata, Erik A. Williams, Yin P. Hung
Summary: In this study, a patient with clear cell mesothelioma was identified, and the presence of an inactivating VHL mutation was confirmed. Further analysis revealed a cohort of four VHL-mutant clear cell mesotheliomas with distinct clinicopathologic and molecular features. These tumors were characterized by prominent clear cells, inactivating VHL mutations, and genomic near-haploidization.
GENES CHROMOSOMES & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mark Diesendorf, David Roser, Haydn Washington
Summary: Nuclear fusion, promoted as an environmentally friendly energy solution, has the potential for medium/long-term nuclear weapons proliferation risks. This paper explores the proliferation hazards of fusion energy technologies, with a focus on the implications of a global 'Mature Fusion Economy' (MFE), using risk assessment tools. An MFE could facilitate the construction of large nuclear arsenals and erode barriers to nuclear weapons acquisition, calling for comprehensive assessment and transparent oversight.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sintu Kumar Samanta, Sneha Susan Varghese, Deepak Krishnan, Mithu Baidya, Digant Nayak, Sumanta Mukherjee, Sudip K. Ghosh
MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY
(2018)