Review
Immunology
Jake R. Weeks, Karl J. Staples, C. Mirella Spalluto, Alastair Watson, Tom M. A. Wilkinson
Summary: Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common pathogen in COPD patients, but its impact varies among different cohorts. Other bacteria may also contribute to acute exacerbations in COPD. The biofilm phase of NTHi could play a significant role in COPD, exhibiting extreme antimicrobial tolerance and synergistic interactions with other lung pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raza Ul Mohsin, Christian Kjer Heerfordt, Josefin Eklof, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Mohamad Isam Saeed, Truls Sylvan Ingebrigtsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Zitta Barrella Harboe, Kasper Karmark Iversen, Jette Bangsborg, Jens Otto Jarlov, Jonas Bredtoft Boel, Christian Ostergaard Andersen, Henrik Pierre Calum, Ram B. Dessau, Jens-Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: This study found that the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of acquiring Haemophilus influenzae infection, and this risk is dose-dependent, indicating that caution should be exercised when using high-dose ICS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Bryn Short, Stephen Carson, Anna-Claire Devlin, James A. Reihill, Anne Crilly, William MacKay, Gordon Ramage, Craig Williams, Fionnuala T. Lundy, Lorcan P. McGarvey, Keith D. Thornbury, S. Lorraine Martin
Summary: Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of bacterial infection in the lungs of COPD patients, leading to acute exacerbations. Its ability to adhere to host epithelial cells, form biofilms, and persist through immune evasion and antibiotic tolerance plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Anna Carrera-Salinas, Aida Gonzalez-Diaz, Rachel L. Ehrlich, Damaris Berbel, Fe Tubau, Xavier Pomares, Junkal Garmendia, M. Angeles Dominguez, Carmen Ardanuy, Daniel Huertas, Alicia Marin, Conchita Monton, Joshua Chang Mell, Salud Santos, Sara Marti
Summary: The immunomodulatory properties of azithromycin reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve the quality of life of COPD patients. However, long-term administration may alter the respiratory microbiota, such as Haemophilus influenzae, an opportunistic respiratory colonizing bacteria that play an important role in exacerbations. This study contributes to a better understanding of COPD progression by characterizing the clinical evolution of H. influenzae in a cohort of patients with prolonged azithromycin treatment. The emergence of macrolide resistance during the first months, combined with the role of Haemophilus parainfluenzae as a reservoir and source of resistance dissemination, is a cause for concern that may lead to therapeutic failure. Furthermore, genetic variations in cell wall and inorganic ion metabolism coding genes likely favor bacterial adaptation to host selective pressures. Therefore, the bacterial pathoadaptive evolution in these severe COPD patients raise our awareness of the possible spread of macrolide resistance and selection of host-adapted clones.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hongmao Sun, Nathan P. Coussens, Carina Danchik, Leah M. Wachsmuth, Mark J. Henderson, Samarjit Patnaik, Matthew D. Hall, Ashley L. Molinaro, Dayle A. Daines, Min Shen
Summary: This study identified potential inhibitors of NTHi VapC1 ribonuclease through virtual screening and scaffold hopping. These inhibitors could serve as starting points for preclinical development.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Martina Janouskova, Megan Laura Straw, Yu-Ching Su, Kristian Riesbeck
Summary: This review discusses the multifaceted gene regulation mechanisms employed by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis during middle ear infection. Through phase variation- and quorum sensing-dependent gene regulation, these pathogens control their virulence phenotypes for survival and host adaptation. Understanding the gene expression regulation mechanisms during the onset of OM may lead to the development of new antimicrobial agents to combat antimicrobial resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sharon L. Clark, Elke J. Seppanen, Lea-Ann S. Kirkham, Laura A. Novotny, Lauren O. Bakaletz, Allan W. Cripps, Karli Corscadden, Harvey Coates, Shyan Vijayasekaran, Peter C. Richmond, Ruth B. Thornton
Summary: The study found that Australian Aboriginal children with chronic and recurrent otitis media had lower serum IgG titers to non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) protein vaccine candidate antigens, suggesting a reduced ability to develop persistent IgG responses due to repeated exposure to various bacterial strains.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chinh C. Ngo, Helen M. Massa, Brent A. McMonagle, Christopher F. Perry, Michael D. Nissen, Theo P. Sloots, Ruth B. Thornton, Allan W. Cripps
Summary: This study identified Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), and rhinovirus as the predominant bacteria and viruses in the upper respiratory tract of children in South-East Queensland, Australia, with and without a clinical history of otitis media. The presence of bacterial otopathogens within the middle ear was found to be more predictive of concurrent upper respiratory tract infection than viruses. The study also confirmed the complex polymicrobial environment within adenoid tissues in children, regardless of otitis media history.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Xu, Joshua Earl, Michael E. Pichichero
Summary: Analysis of microbiota composition in the nasopharynx of children revealed correlations between certain genera and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization, with Corynebacterium showing a consistent inverse relationship. Corynebacterium propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum were found to inhibit the growth of Spn serotype 22F strain in vitro.
Article
Allergy
Alison J. Dicker, Jeffrey T. J. Huang, Mike Lonergan, Holly R. Keir, Christopher J. Fong, Brandon Tan, Andrew J. Cassidy, Simon Finch, Hana Mullerova, Bruce E. Miller, Ruth Tal-Singer, James D. Chalmers
Summary: The study found that the sputum microbiome of COPD patients is closely related to disease severity, frequent exacerbations, blood eosinophil levels, etc., and different dominant microbiomes have different impacts. The diversity of sputum microbiomes is closely related to the development and mortality of COPD.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sonia Schoonbroodt, Jean-Laurent Ichante, Sophie Boffe, Nathalie Devos, Jeanne-Marie Devaster, Laura Taddei, Simona Rondini, Ashwani Kumar Arora, Thierry Pascal, Ludovic Malvaux
Summary: Comparison of real-time PCR with culture-based methods for identifying bacteria in sputum samples from COPD patients showed that real-time PCR has higher sensitivity and specificity compared to culture-based methods. Real-time PCR on frozen samples can be used for the identification of common respiratory bacterial species in patients with COPD.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephanie A. Christenson, Benjamin M. Smith, Mona Bafadhel, Nirupama Putcha
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem that leads to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Its main causes are exposure to harmful particles, such as tobacco smoke and pollutants. Recent research has shown that various factors throughout the life course increase the risk of developing COPD. Innovations in omics and imaging techniques have provided greater understanding of the disease's pathophysiology, potentially leading to advancements in its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This review focuses on recent advances in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of COPD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hideyasu Shimizu, Masamichi Hayashi, Hisayuki Kato, Mitsuru Nakagawa, Kazuyoshi Imaizumi, Mitsushi Okazawa
Summary: A case study reported a female patient with poor response to benralizumab and mepolizumab treatment, with improvements seen after treatment switching but still accompanied by adverse reactions. Analysis suggests that interleukin-13 may play a key role in the development of related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Naoko Fuji, Michael Pichichero, Ravinder Kaur
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx of young children is very low during health periods, but is high in middle ear fluid at the onset of acute otitis media (AOM). Nontypeable H. influenzae accounts for over 90% of all isolates, with type f being the most prevalent among encapsulated strains. Beta-lactamase production and antibiotic nonsusceptibility are common among H. influenzae strains isolated from the nasopharynx and middle ear fluid.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Helen M. Massa, Kirsten M. Spann, Allan W. Cripps
Summary: Otitis media is a disease with diverse clinical presentations and limited treatment options. The pathogenesis of chronic otitis media remains unclear, but innate inflammatory responses may play a key role. Current therapeutic guidelines recommend a watch and wait strategy, highlighting the need for more targeted and effective treatments.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
