Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tarald O. Kvalseth
Summary: This paper introduces a new formulation that challenges Hick's law and incorporates the speed-accuracy trade-off characteristic, with reanalysis of empirical data providing support for this new relationship.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL & STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Quinn C. Burlingame, Xiao Liu, Melissa L. Ball, Barry P. Rand, Yueh-Lin Loo
Summary: Intermolecular charge-transfer excitons play a crucial role in determining the performance of organic solar cells. By investigating the voltage-dependent photoluminescence, photocurrent, and ultrafast pump-probe transient absorption spectra, the properties of charge transfer excitons can be revealed. The correlation between voltage-dependent photocurrent and charge-transfer exciton photoluminescence affects the photovoltaic fill factor, as efficient charge-transfer exciton dissociation requires voltage.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Eline Verschueren, Jonas Vanthornhout, Tom Francart
Summary: The study found that neural envelope tracking is influenced by stimulus intensity, but robust when using the same intensity for testing and training the decoder. Additionally, neural envelope tracking in the delta band seems to be correlated with speech intelligibility.
Article
Mathematics
Ronaldo Vigo, Charles A. Doan, Jay Wimsatt, Cody B. Ross
Summary: Hick's law states that decision time is a logarithmic function of the number of equiprobable choices. However, this law and its variant for non-equiprobable choices are not effective for predicting decision reaction times involving structured sets of alternatives. This report proposes a theoretical alternative to Hick's law based on Generalized Invariance Structure Theory, which provides a more precise explanation for decision reaction times on structured sets. Hick's law is considered a special case of the more general law of choice reaction times for categories with zero degree of invariance.
Article
Neurosciences
Robert A. Marino, Ron Levy, Douglas P. Munoz
Summary: The removal of a fixation point before the appearance of a saccade target affects pre-motor circuits and reduces saccadic reaction time. Neurons in different parts of the SCi exhibit varied activity patterns in response to changes in FP luminance during the warning period, reflecting both goal-driven saccade preparation signals and FP sensory properties.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
R. Somervail, R. J. Bufacchi, C. Salvatori, L. Neary-Zajiczek, Y. Guo, G. Novembre, G. D. Iannetti
Summary: The brain response to the sudden increase and decrease of sensory input, known as the onset and offset Vertex Potentials (VPs), share similar topographic features and neural activity. Both onset and offset VPs are highly sensitive to surprise and likely reflect the activity of a common supramodal brain network.
Article
Immunology
Sarah Cobey, Daniel B. Larremore, Yonatan H. Grad, Marc Lipsitch
Summary: When vaccines are in limited supply, expanding the number of people who receive the vaccine by dose-sparing strategies may reduce disease and mortality, although it could potentially increase the risk of vaccine-escape variants. Preliminary evidence suggests that such strategies could slow the rate of viral escape, as long as vaccination provides some protection against escape variants.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Victor Zapatero, Alvaro Navarrete, Kiyoshi Tamaki, Marcos Curty
Summary: Researchers have developed a general technique to incorporate arbitrary intensity correlations into the security analysis of decoy-state QKD, solving the issue of information leakage in high-speed systems. This technique only requires experimental quantification of two main parameters and provides a non-standard derivation of the asymptotic secret key rate formula, revealing a necessary condition for its significance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Beppi, Giorgio Beringer, Dominik Straumann, Stefan Yu Bogli
Summary: This study assessed the effect of incremental light-stimulus intensity on the SRH of larval zebrafish, finding a positive correlation between light intensity and locomotor responses. The conclusions of this study provide important insights into the effect of light properties on the SRH, serving as a relevant reference framework for further investigation in translational neurophysiological research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Myriam Franzke, Christian Kraus, Maria Gayler, David Dreyer, Keram Pfeiffer, Basil el Jundi
Summary: This study observed the orientation behavior of monarch butterflies under different visual cues and found that they are able to switch between orientation modes based on the stimulus provided.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Biswadeep Khan, On-mongkol Jaesiri, Ivan P. Lazarte, Yang Li, Guangnan Tian, Peixiong Zhao, Yicheng Zhao, Viet Duc Ho, Julie L. Semmelhack
Summary: This study investigated the distance estimation ability of larval zebrafish using a head-fixed strike assay. The researchers found that distance-dependent strike behavior could be evoked by manipulating stimulus intensity and contrast. The results suggest that bright UV dots in the binocular zone with minimal UV background light optimally evoke strike behavior and provide a basis for studying the neuronal mechanisms of distance estimation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dana Maslovat, Christin M. Sadler, Victoria Smith, Allison Bui, Anthony N. Carlsen
Summary: This study examined how auditory stimulus intensity and preparation level affect the probability of involuntary response triggering. Results showed that loud stimulus and presentation closer to the go-signal increased the incidence of response triggering. Additionally, activation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was found to be a reliable predictor of response triggering.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon A. Rella, Yuliya A. Kulikova, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis, Fyodor A. Kondrashov
Summary: The study suggests that a high vaccination rate can reduce the probability of emergence of vaccine-resistant strains, while a relaxation of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures when most of the population has been vaccinated may increase the risk of resistant strains. Therefore, maintaining transmission-reducing behaviors throughout the entire vaccination period is crucial to minimize the establishment of resistant strains.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Vishal Rawji, Isabella Kaczmarczyk, Lorenzo Rocchi, Po-Yu Fong, John C. Rothwell, Nikhil Sharma
Summary: This study used different preconditioning stimulus intensities for M1 paired-pulse TMS and found that TEP peaks were predominantly reduced under the 70% preconditioning stimulus protocol, with less reduction under 80% and no reduction under 90%. There was a significant negative correlation between MEPs and N45 TEP peak for the 70% preconditioning stimulus protocol, reaching statistical trends for 80% and 90% as well.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Loic Marrec, Irene Lamberti, Anne-Florence Bitbol
Summary: This study shows that population spatial structure can have a significant impact on mutant fixation probabilities by tuning migration asymmetry, which is a universal phenomenon that can be experimentally adjusted and measured.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)