Article
Biology
G. Capshaw, J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, D. Soares, C. E. Carr
Summary: Sound and vibration are important for survival, and early terrestrial tetrapods lacked specialized structures for sound transduction, requiring extratympanic mechanisms for hearing. Atympanate salamanders show directional auditory sensitivity to airborne sound through extratympanic pathways.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sanjeev Nara, Mikel Lizarazu, Craig G. Richter, Diana C. Dima, Radoslaw M. Cichy, Mathieu Bourguignon, Nicola Molinaro
Summary: This study found that predictable stimuli led to suppressed neural responses in the visual cortex, while temporal uncertainty increased expectation suppression. Predictable visual features could be decoded from neural responses, but decoding accuracy was less sustained over time for temporally jittered stimuli.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mark D. Fletcher, Jana Zgheib, Samuel W. Perry
Summary: Recent studies have shown that haptic stimulation can supplement electrical cochlear implant signals and substantially improve sound localization, achieving similar sensitivity to across-limb tactile intensity differences as across-ear intensity differences for normal-hearing listeners. This suggests that wearable haptic devices could offer a low-cost, non-invasive means of improving outcomes for hearing-impaired individuals by providing additional sound-intensity information.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark D. Fletcher, Jana Zgheib, Samuel W. Perry
Summary: A recent study found that haptic stimulation on the wrists can improve sound localisation for cochlear implant users, with wrist sensitivity to time differences being poorer compared to ear sensitivity, while wrist sensitivity to intensity differences is high and remains robust with age. This suggests the potential for high-precision haptic sound-localisation and the transfer of high-fidelity intensity information across the wrists, which could be beneficial for hearing-impaired individuals and human-machine interfaces.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xinzhi Ma, Weihai Chen, Zhongcai Pei, Jingmeng Liu, Bin Huang, Jianer Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method for decoding motor imagery (MI)-based brain computer interface (BCI) systems using a convolutional neural network (CNN) with attention mechanism to learn temporal dependencies among MI-related patterns. Experimental results show that the proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms and achieves improved accuracy on the BCIC-IV-2a dataset.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Jackie S. Huberman, Haykaz Mangardich, Mark A. Sabbagh, Meredith L. Chivers
Summary: Previous ERP studies have shown that sexual stimuli elicit larger amplitudes in N170, P3, and late positive potential (LPP) compared to nonsexual stimuli. However, these ERPs may not specifically respond to sexual cues because sexual stimuli often include additional information. This study focused on ERP responses to sexual and nonsexual body regions in different states of readiness for activity. The results revealed that the P3 component was sensitive to sexual readiness, with larger amplitudes for erect penises compared to flaccid penises. However, the N170 and LPP components did not show similarly specific responses. Additionally, a novel finding was an anterior N270-400 component that was sensitive to sexual readiness.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah McFann, Sayantan Dutta, Jared E. Toettcher, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman
Summary: Markers for endoderm and mesoderm germ layers are commonly expressed together in the early embryo, reflecting cells' ability to explore potential fates before fully committing. In Drosophila, applying endoderm-inducing signals to the ventral embryo reveals a critical time window during which mesodermal cell movements and gene expression are suppressed by proendoderm signaling. Computational modeling shows that repression of the mesoderm-associated gene snail by the ERK target gene huckebein is sufficient to account for a broad range of transcriptional and morphogenetic effects.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yonghua Zhang, Xiaotong Tu, Saqlain Abbas, Hao Liang, Yue Huang, Xinghao Ding
Summary: This paper introduces the application of acoustic beamforming methods based on microphone arrays in sound source localization. Traditional methods suffer from poor spatial resolution. Researchers have attempted model-based and deep network-based methods to improve the resolution of the beamforming map. However, model-based methods have high computational complexity and rely on user-determined parameters, while deep network-based methods may struggle with generalization and generating the beamforming map directly. The paper proposes a new method to solve the inverse problem of sound imaging and further designs a deep neural network model that achieves real-time and high-resolution mapping of acoustic sources, demonstrating strong generalization capability.
Article
Biology
Federica Lucantonio, Eunyoung Kim, Zhixiao Su, Anna J. Chang, Bilal A. Bari, Jeremiah Y. Cohen
Summary: Predictions about future rewards or punishments are influenced by prior experiences, with exposure to aversive stimuli leading to hyperactivity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), resulting in a negative behavioral bias towards motivationally relevant cues. Mimicking this hyperactive response recapitulates the bias induced by aversive stimuli, while inactivating these neurons prevents the development of the negative bias, highlighting the critical role of the mPFC -> PVT circuit in predicting motivationally-relevant outcomes based on prior experience.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Soo Young Lee, Jiho Chang, Seungchul Lee
Summary: A deep learning approach is proposed for multiple sound source localization with high resolution and accuracy, regardless of the sound sources' positions on the grid points. By introducing a target function to obtain spatial source distribution maps, the proposed model can accurately predict the positions and strengths of multiple sound sources, outperforming model-based methods. The model is evaluated on a dataset with monopole sources on a square plane with a spiral array of microphones, demonstrating precise localization results irrespective of frequency and the number of sound sources.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emma E. Watson, Simona Angerani, Pramod M. Sabale, Nicolas Winssinger
Summary: Life is orchestrated by biomolecules interacting in complex networks of biological circuitry, progress in chemistry enables the design of systems to recapitulate circuitry elements, DNA provides powerful platform for designing dynamic systems, programmability of nucleic acid hybridization inspires applications beyond heredity.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Acoustics
Paolo Castellini, Nicola Giulietti, Nicola Falcionelli, Aldo Franco Dragoni, Paolo Chiariotti
Summary: This paper proposes the use of artificial neural networks for localizing and quantifying multiple sound sources in a grid-less way, aiming to improve spatial resolution and computational efficiency.
Article
Neurosciences
Glen McLachlan, Piotr Majdak, Jonas Reijniers, Michael Mihocic, Herbert Peremans
Summary: Natural listening involves small head movements that help resolve front-back confusions during sound localization. This study found that even small yaw rotations significantly decrease front-back confusion rates, while pitch rotations have little effect. Additionally, human listeners utilize subjective spatial frequency (MSS) cues before head movements and do not rely on differential MSS (dMSS) cues when using small head movements to localize sounds.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yiheng Tu, Dimitrios Pantazis, Georgia Wilson, Sheraz Khan, Seppo Ahlfors, Jian Kong
Summary: Expectation of pain can be decoded from magnetoencephalography (MEG) as early as 150 ms after cue onset, influenced by facial cues; decoding expectation elicited by unconsciously perceived cues requires more time and decays faster compared to consciously perceived ones; decoding of cue-based expectation relies on specific brain regions during cue presentation, shifting to medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex after cue presentation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ina Kodrasi
Summary: This study employs deep learning techniques to learn two discriminative representations by separately utilizing the envelope and fine structure of signals, leading to improved automatic dysarthric speech detection performance.
IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Romain Brette
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcel Stimberg, Dan F. M. Goodman, Thomas Nowotny
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biology
Anirudh Kulkarni, Irene Elices, Nicolas Escoubet, Lea-Laetitia Pontani, Alexis Michel Prevost, Romain Brette
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Titipat Achakulvisut, Tulakan Ruangrong, Isil Bilgin, Sofie Van Den Bossche, Brad Wyble, Dan F. M. Goodman, Konrad P. Kording
Article
Biology
Sarah Goethals, Romain Brette
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mickael Zbili, Sylvain Rama, Pierre Yger, Yanis Inglebert, Norah Boumedine-Guignon, Laure Fronzaroli-Moliniere, Romain Brette, Michael Russier, Dominique Debanne
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Jonathan X. Zheng, Samraat Pawar, Dan F. M. Goodman
Summary: The study presents an algorithm for constructing confluent drawings by solving the node split and short-circuit problems to maintain the hierarchical structure of power groups, classifying the resulting drawings as 'power-confluent'. The research also includes an improved method for power graph construction.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yaqing Su, Yoojin Chung, Dan F. M. Goodman, Kenneth E. Hancock, Bertrand Delgutte
Summary: The study revealed neural mechanisms differences in pitch perception of irregular sounds between rabbits with normal hearing and those with cochlear implants. IC neurons showed tuning of firing rate to average pulse rate and differences in synchronized responses to periodic and irregular pulse trains in both groups of rabbits.
JARO-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Romain Brette
Summary: Paramecium is a unicellular organism that swims in fresh water by beating cilia. When stimulated, it exhibits avoiding reaction triggered by a calcium-based action potential. Some authors have referred to Paramecium as a swimming neuron.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah Goethals, Martijn C. Sierksma, Xavier Nicol, Annabelle Reaux-Le Goazigo, Romain Brette
Summary: The study measured the axial current produced by the axon initial segment of mouse retinal ganglion cells, finding it to be large, requiring high sodium channel conductance density, and covarying with cell capacitance to depolarize the cell by approximately 30mV. During sustained depolarization, the current attenuated but broadened temporally to preserve somatic depolarization. This suggests that the properties of the initial segment are adjusted to ensure reliable backpropagation of the axonal action potential.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aurelie Fekete, Norbert Ankri, Romain Brette, Dominique Debanne
Summary: The distal shift of the axon initial segment (AIS) position increases axial resistance and excitability in L-5 pyramidal neurons, resulting in a decrease in the voltage threshold of the somatic action potential.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Perez-Nieves, Vincent C. H. Leung, Pier Luigi Dragotti, Dan F. M. Goodman
Summary: The authors demonstrate that heterogeneity in spiking neural networks can improve task performance, stability, and robustness, especially for tasks with rich temporal structures. Additionally, the distribution of neuronal parameters in the trained networks is similar to those observed experimentally, suggesting that heterogeneity may play an active role in helping animals adapt to changing environments in the brain.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Escoubet, Romain Brette, Lea-Laetitia Pontani, Alexis Michel Prevost
Summary: In this study, we investigated the swimming behavior of Paramecium tetraurelia, a unicellular microorganism, in micro-engineered pools with obstacles. We measured two types of contact interactions, passive scattering and avoiding reactions (ARs). We found that ARs were only mechanically triggered 10% of the time and that two-thirds of the ARs had a delay of approximately 150 ms.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Isaac Engel, Dan F. M. Goodman, Lorenzo Picinali
Summary: Binaural rendering of Ambisonics signals is a common method for reproducing spatial audio content. In this study, nine HRTF preprocessing methods were compared, and it was found that certain methods performed better at lower spatial orders. A newly proposed method, BiMagLS, displayed the best overall performance and is recommended for bilateral Ambisonics signal rendering. The results indirectly validate the ability of perceptual models to predict listeners' responses.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Romain Brettea
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES
(2019)