Article
Electrochemistry
Yuta Kimura, Yasuhiro Domi, Hiroyuki Usui, Hiroki Sakaguchi
Summary: We evaluated the anode properties of silicide/Si composite electrodes and found that ternary silicide made by elemental substitution improved the electrochemical performance. Mechanical grinding and addition of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) into the electrolyte further improved the electrode performance. Mechanical grinding caused the formation of amorphous Si phase and fine dispersion of Cr0.5V0.5Si2, while FEC suppressed the continuous reductive decomposition of the electrolyte, contributing to the improvement in cyclability.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Abirami Dhanabalan, Botao Farren Song, Sibani Lisa Biswal
Summary: Repetitive cycling at high C-rates and long cycle numbers can evaluate the electrochemical performance of silicon-composite anodes, showing promising results even under extreme rate capability tests. The drop in capacity with increased C-rate may be attributed to an increase in the polarization resistance of the anode. The superior rate capability of silicon-composite anodes is suitable for applications requiring fast charge-discharge rates.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jannes Mueller, Mozaffar Abdollahifar, Stefan Doose, Peter Michalowski, Nae-Lih Wu, Arno Kwade
Summary: This study scaled up the production process of silicon/graphite composites and investigated the effects of carbon coating and calendering on the particle level. The study found that carbon coating reduces surface area, stabilizes the composite, and enhances electrical conductivity. The electrochemical performance of the composites showed improved capacity retention with carbon coating, especially after calendering.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hao Wu, Lihua Zheng, Ning Du, Bowen Sun, Jie Ma, Yingying Jiang, Jiadong Gong, Huan Chen, Lianbang Wang
Summary: The rational design of compact graphite/Si/SiO2 ternary composites enhances packing density and leads to higher areal capacity compared to pure graphite. Introducing Si/SiO2 clusters into void spaces between graphite particles provides an effective strategy for implementing graphite-Si composite anodes in next-generation Li-ion cells.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary Hernandha, Bharath Umesh, Purna Chandra Rath, Le Thi Thu Trang, Ju-Chao Wei, Yu-Chun Chuang, Ju Li, Jeng-Kuei Chang
Summary: The lithiation/delithiation properties of alpha-Si3N4 and beta-Si3N4 are compared and the carbon coating effects are examined. Then, beta-Si3N4 at various fractions is used as the secondary phase in a Si anode to modify the electrode properties. The incorporated beta-Si3N4 decreases the crystal size of Si and introduces a new N-Si-O species at the beta-Si3N4/Si interface.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yumeng Zhao, Lingxiao Ren, Aoxuan Wang, Jiayan Luo
Summary: This study summarizes several mechanisms of lithium dendrite formation and growth. The results suggest that smaller current density, greater Li+ transference number, higher mechanical strength of the electrolyte, and a more homogeneous distribution of Li+ on the substrate contribute to the uniform deposition morphology of lithium metal. Composite anodes are categorized into three levels from internal to external, which greatly optimize the performance of LMBs and highlight the potential of multi-level composites for applications in lithium metal anodes.
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaoyu Li, Ruifeng Liu, Chunlei Wang, Ying Zhou
Summary: This work introduces a strategy to synthesize SnO2/C composites via a hydrothermal technique, resulting in nanometer-sized SnO2 particles with high dispersion. The composites exhibit higher storage capacity and greater cycle performance compared to pure SnO2, attributed to the tight link between SnO2 and the carbon matrix.
Article
Electrochemistry
Xin Zhang, Huan Wang, Robert Ilango Pushparaj, Michael Mann, Xiaodong Hou
Summary: In this study, a composite anode consisting of coal-derived graphene and micron-sized silicon was synthesized. The composite anode showed good reversible capacity, high-rate performance, and outstanding cycling stability. The graphene foam served as a matrix of electrical conductors and volume expansion support for silicon during lithiation and de-lithiation processes.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qinxing Xie, Shipeng Qu, Peng Zhao
Summary: By encapsulating silicon particles into a nitrogen-enriched porous carbon matrix, a silicon/carbon composite was created with enhanced cycling stability and rate performance. The porous structure accommodates volume changes in silicon, while the enriched nitrogen species improve the conductivity of the carbon network.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Cancan Bian, Rusheng Fu, Zhepu Shi, Jingjing Ji, Jun Zhang, Wen Chen, Xufeng Zhou, Siqi Shi, Zhaoping Liu
Summary: This study reports an economical and convenient method to increase the initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) of silicon monoxide (SiO) anode material and successfully synthesizes a reaction product (MSO) with a core-shell structure. The MSO exhibits superior ICE, reversible capacity, and improved cyclic stability.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mario Branchi, Giovanna Maresca, Akiko Tsurumaki, Naoki Suzuki, Fausto Croce, Stefania Panero, Jorunn Voje, Yuichi Aihara, Maria Assunta Navarra
Summary: This study proposes silicon-based anodes consisting of micrometric Si, graphite, LiI-Li3PS4 solid electrolyte, and carbon nanofiber. The composition-performance relationship of the anodes is investigated through a mixture design approach, which allows analysis of the individual and combined effects of each component. Increasing the fraction of LiI-Li3PS4 in the anode leads to improved electrode capacity, with the best performance achieved at a Si/MAG/LPSI ratio of 15:15:70. When combined with 5 wt % CNF, this composite exhibits a capacity above 1200 mAh g(-1) throughout 50 cycles in a bulk-type all-solid-state battery with LPSI as the electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the suppressing effect of LiI-Li3PS4 on Si aggregation and the improved availability of Si for lithiation/delithiation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiuqing Lu, Ping Xu, Weijie Song, Peng Zhou, Mingdong Liao, Guang Zeng, Xiebo Hu, Jianxin Li, Mingyu Zhang, Qizhong Huang, Zhean Su
Summary: A silicon/graphite/reduced graphene oxide (Si/Gt/RGO) composite was prepared, where silicon nanoparticles were embedded in a graphite matrix and wrapped by reduced graphene oxide. The dual carbon (graphite and RGO) protected the silicon nanoparticles and ensured electronic contact, leading to superior electrochemical properties.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takahiro Kozawa, Fumiya Kitabayashi, Kayo Fukuyama, Makio Naito
Summary: Researchers propose a new composite structure of Mn3O4/C to improve its cycle performance by entrapping carbon nanoparticles. The fabricated composites show a higher maximum discharge capacity retention after 50 cycles, and the presence of carbon nanoparticles enhances the cycle performance both electrochemically and physically.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Lin, Laisen Wang, Qingshui Xie, Qing Luo, Dong-Liang Peng, C. Buddie Mullins, Adam Heller
Summary: Passivation of stainless steel by additives forming mass-transport blocking layers is extended to Si anodes for lithium-ion batteries, incorporating the passivator of LiF/Li2CO3 into bulk Si. The passivation mechanism is studied and it is found to enhance the (de)lithiation of Li-Si alloys, induce the formation of F-rich solid electrolyte interphase, stabilize the Si/LiF/Li2CO3 composite, and mitigate the volume change of Si anodes. The 3D passivated Si anode shows excellent cycling stability and high rate capability.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tobias Kohler, Efi Hadjixenophontos, Yug Joshi, Ke Wang, Guido Schmitz
Summary: Silicon is a promising candidate for battery anodes due to its large theoretical storage capacity, but challenges such as volume expansion and kinetic limitations need to be addressed through nanostructuring. By using electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), researchers were able to study the in-situ solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation on Si films, leading to the discovery of reversible adsorption of Li2O to the SEI layer, which accounts for half of the battery storage. This reversible adsorption is influenced by factors such as cycling window, rate, and anode thickness, indicating a field-driven layer growth mechanism.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sanghee Nam, Manmatha Mahato, Kyle Matthews, Robert W. Lord, Yonghee Lee, Pitchai Thangasamy, Chi Won Ahn, Yury Gogotsi, Il-Kwon Oh
Summary: This study reports a new method of growing bimetallic cobalt-manganese organic framework on the MXene surface, which achieves high stability in open structured applications by enhancing oxidation resistance and electrocatalytic properties.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mailis Lounasvuori, Yangyunli Sun, Tyler S. Mathis, Ljiljana Puskar, Ulrich Schade, De-En Jiang, Yury Gogotsi, Tristan Petit
Summary: This study investigates the hydration structure of protons intercalated in Ti3C2Tx MXene layers and finds that it differs from protons in bulk water. This finding has important implications for characterizing chemical species in energy storage and conversion applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Danzhen Zhang, Ruocun (John) Wang, Xuehang Wang, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: Understanding energy storage mechanisms is crucial for improving the energy and power density of electrochemical energy storage devices. In this study, the authors introduce an in situ UV-Vis spectroscopy method to distinguish different charge storage processes. They found a correlation between the evolution of UV-Vis spectra and the charge storage mechanism, and successfully used this method to differentiate non-Faradaic processes. In situ UV-Vis spectroscopy is a fast and cost-effective technique that can effectively supplement electrochemical characterization and determine the charge storage mechanism.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thorsten Schultz, Peer Baermann, Elena Longhi, Rahul Meena, Yves Geerts, Yury Gogotsi, Stephen Barlow, Seth R. Marder, Tristan Petit, Norbert Koch
Summary: Two-dimensional MXenes, especially Ti(3)C(2)Tx, have promising properties for various applications. The work function of MXenes is crucial for energy level alignment, and methods to control the work function should be developed.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohit Saraf, Teng Zhang, Timofey Averianov, Christopher E. E. Shuck, Robert W. W. Lord, Ekaterina Pomerantseva, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: MXenes offer high conductivity and capacitance, which are attractive for energy storage devices. However, their operation is limited under high anodic potentials due to irreversible oxidation. Pairing them with oxides in asymmetric supercapacitors can expand the voltage window and increase energy storage capabilities.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marley Downes, Christopher E. Shuck, Robert W. Lord, Mark Anayee, Mikhail Shekhirev, Ruocun John Wang, Tetiana Hryhorchuk, Martin Dahlqvist, Johanna Rosen, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: MXenes are two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides synthesized from layered MAX-phase precursors. With over 50 experimentally reported MXenes and a near-infinite number of possible chemistries, MXenes make up the fastest-growing family of 2D materials. They offer a wide range of properties, which can be altered by their chemistry and the number of metal layers in the structure.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohit Saraf, Benjamin Chacon, Stefano Ippolito, Robert W. Lord, Mark Anayee, Ruocun (John) Wang, Alex Inman, Christopher E. Shuck, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: Driving the pseudocapacitive redox intercalation in 2DMXenes with neutral electrolytes is important for safer, more sustainable, and improved electrochemical charge storage. This study demonstrates the facile synthesis of partially oxidized Mo2Ti2C3 MXene (PO-Mo2Ti2C3) with enhanced charge storage capability through structural modifications and intercalation pseudocapacitance in a neutral LiCl electrolyte.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ervin Rems, Mark Anayee, Eiara Fajardo, Robert L. Lord, David Bugallo, Yury Gogotsi, Yong-Jie Hu
Summary: The feasibility of dry, fluorine-free synthesis of MXenes with uniform surface terminations is investigated in this study using quantum mechanics calculations and thermodynamic modeling. Computational insights are experimentally validated to demonstrate the synthesis of MXenes through dry selective extraction of MAX phase precursors using iodine vapor under suitable conditions. This work opens new avenues for the sustainable and scalable synthesis of new MXenes.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yingqiao Wang, Jane E. Hartung, Adam Goad, Matias A. Preisegger, Benjamin Chacon, Michael S. Gold, Yury Gogotsi, Tzahi Cohen-Karni
Summary: This study investigates the biosafety of Ti3C2Tx-based photothermal modulation. It finds that culturing neurons on Ti3C2Tx films and illuminating them with laser pulses do not cause damage to the cell membrane, induce cellular stress, or generate oxidative stress. These findings provide important insights for the clinical translation of photothermal modulation.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sneha Shankar, Brendan B. Murphy, Nicolette Driscoll, Mikhail Shekhirev, Geetha Valurouthu, Kateryna Shevchuk, Mark Anayee, Francesca Cimino, Yury Gogotsi, Flavia Vitale
Summary: Ti3C2T(x) MXene is gaining importance in wearable and implantable medical technologies due to its outstanding electrical, electrochemical, and optoelectronic properties, as well as its compatibility with solution-based processing. However, the long-term stability and degradation of Ti3C2T(x) MXene films have not been thoroughly investigated, which hinders its use for chronic applications.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefano Ippolito, Yury Gogotsi
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Akari Seko, Shun Sakaida, Masashi Koyanagi, Yasuaki Okada, Takeshi Torita, Mark Anayee, Mikhail Shekhirev, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: MXenes are two-dimensional nanomaterials with various properties and potential applications in electronics, photonics, energy storage, etc. Their hydrophilicity allows them to absorb water from the environment, resulting in swelling and degradation of the assembled films. In this study, we demonstrate that intercalation of N-methylformamide (NMF) improves the stability of MXene films at high temperatures and humidity through host-guest hydrogen bonding. NMF interacts strongly with the MXene surface and occupies the interlayer spacing, reducing water intercalation and maintaining high electrical conductivity in hot and humid conditions.
MRS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mailis Lounasvuori, Tyler S. Mathis, Yury Gogotsi, Tristan Petit
Summary: Highly concentrated water-in-salt aqueous electrolytes, when combined with MXenes, show potential for replacing flammable and toxic solvents in electrochemical energy storage devices. Through operando infrared spectroscopy, this study investigates the hydrogen bonding of water intercalated between MXene layers during electrochemical cycling in a water-in-salt electrolyte. The findings provide new insights into the structural changes of the electrolyte during the intercalation of Li+ in the MXene interlayer space.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Paraskevi Flouda, Alex Inman, Mariana Gumenna, Daria Bukharina, Valery V. Shevchenko, Yury Gogotsi, Vladimir V. Tsukruk
Summary: By combining MXene nanosheets with branched ionic nanoparticles from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) using an amphiphilicity-driven assembly, a novel composite monolayer has been formed. This monolayer allows for the fabrication of multilayered films with enhanced specific capacitance and improved electrochemical cycling stability. It provides a promising pathway for the development of hybrid electrode architectures for long-term energy cycling and storage.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Roman Rakhmanov, Christopher Eugene Shuck, Jamal Al Hourani, Stefano Ippolito, Yury Gogotsi, Gary Friedman
Summary: This study investigates the electromagnetic shielding properties of ultrathin printed Ti (3) C (2) T x films and finds that these films can efficiently absorb electromagnetic radiation with absorption rates up to 50%. Analysis of the sheet impedance reveals the correlation between the electrical conductivity and the EMI shielding mechanism of the film. The study also shows that the MXene material's conductivity mechanism remains consistent from direct current to THz. These findings provide an attractive alternative for shielding microscale devices and personal electronics.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
