Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Preetam Sharma, Lei Cheng, Douglas Aaron, Shirin Mehrazi, Jonathan Braaten, Nathan Craig, Christina Johnston, Matthew M. Mench
Summary: This study presents an in-depth analysis of heterogeneous aging patterns in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) under different stress test conditions, revealing distinct current distribution and catalyst growth changes. Despite differing Pt particle size growth, spatial current distributions show only minor variations in wet and dry Pt particle size growth tests. In contrast, the carbon corrosion test leads to substantial current gradients.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrea Perego, Arezoo Avid, Divija N. Mamania, Yechuan Chen, Plamen Atanassov, Hakan Yildirim, Madeleine Odgaard, Iryna V. Zenyuk
Summary: The evolution of ionomer-Pt and ionomer-carbon interfaces during the life cycle of PEFCs has a significant impact on the fuel cell performance. Catalyst and carbon support accelerated stress tests show that the location and contact degree of Pt nanoparticles with ionomer greatly affect the surface area loss of the electrode under different gas flow conditions. The selection of support materials also has a significant impact on ionomer degradation and electrode surface area maintenance.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sung Ryul Choi, Munwon Lim, Dong Yeong Kim, Won Young An, Sung Won Lee, Sungyong Choi, Suk Joo Bae, Sung-Dae Yim, Jun-Young Park
Summary: This study proposes a method to accurately predict the lifetime of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) through empirical modeling using accelerated degradation tests (ADTs). It addresses the potential bias in lifetime prediction caused by combined stressors in ADTs, and offers insights into resolving durability issues of MEAs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Aronson, Patrick Fourspring, Justin Reiss, Brendan Ensor, Jason Clobes, Lucas Erich, Michael Ammendola, Caillin Ryan, Kelsey Jenkins, Elzbieta Sikora, Douglas Wolfe
Summary: This study investigates the use of electrochemical testing to predict the corrosion resistance of chromium coatings on zirconium alloys. The results show that these coatings provide improved protection against corrosion, with further improvements observed when voltage bias is applied during deposition. The correlation between electrochemical testing results, microstructure, and mechanical properties provides insights into the performance of these coatings during long-term autoclave testing and in-reactor use.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Chunmei Wang, Mark Ricketts, Amir Peyman Soleymani, Jasna Jankovic, James Waldecker, Jixin Chen
Summary: Support carbon corrosion is a major degradation mechanism affecting fuel cell performance. An accelerated stress test was conducted at Ford to evaluate the durability of five MEAs made from CCMs containing different carbon supports, catalyst loadings, compositions, I/C ratios, and ionomer EWs. The study focused on carbon loss, voltage degradation, ECSA loss, catalyst layer thickness reduction, catalyst dispersion change, and electrode porosity change post-AST.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas J. P. Hersbach, Amanda C. Garcia, Thomas Kroll, Dimosthenis Sokaras, Marc T. M. Koper, Angel T. Garcia-Esparza
Summary: This study investigates the degradation of platinum catalysts in alkaline conditions, finding that Pt/C degrades more rapidly in bases and undergoes accelerated processes such as Ostwald ripening, Smoluchowski agglomeration, and nanoparticle detachment. Although similar processes occur in both acidic and alkaline environments, the degradation is enhanced in basic conditions. This has important implications for understanding the reaction mechanisms of carbon-supported platinum at different pH levels.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mingxiu Wang, Feng Zhang, Cai-Qi Wang, Nan Yin, Yuting Wang, Guixin Qin, Qingling Xu, Jianhua Gong, Huizhen Liu, Xinrui Duan
Summary: Abnormal production of H2O2 is associated with cancer. It is crucial to develop fluorescent probes that can selectively image basal H2O2 in tumor cells. We have successfully developed a fluorescent probe, BBHP, which contains benzil as a recognition site for H2O2 and biotin as a target binding motif. BBHP enables a selective fluorescence turn-on response to H2O2 and can sufficiently image basal H2O2 in biotin receptor-positive cancer cells and tumor tissues.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tanya Agarwal, Allen C. Sievert, Siddharth Komini Babu, Santosh Adhikari, Eun Joo Park, Ajay K. Prasad, Suresh G. Advani, Timothy E. Hopkins, Andrew M. Park, Yu Seung Kim, Rodney L. Borup
Summary: Radical species generated during fuel cell operation limit the durability for heavy-duty vehicle applications. Incorporating radical scavenger additives like cerium mitigates chemical attacks, but their migration during operation reduces durability and performance. This study explores cation size selective agents to immobilize cerium within PFSA membranes. An organometallic complex of cerium with 15-Crown-5 significantly improves cerium retention and chemical durability. It also prevents migration and enhances cerium's radical scavenging activity.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sameer Osman, Khaled Ahmed, M. Nemattalla, Shinichi Ookawara, Mahmoud Ahmed
Summary: The performance of anode supported honeycomb solid-oxide fuel cells can be significantly enhanced by operating at higher temperatures. By using functionally graded electrodes, thermal stresses can be reduced to 85% less than conventional electrodes at elevated temperatures, leading to around 60% improvement in power density. Operating at higher temperatures can achieve the fuel cell's maximum power density with safe thermal stresses, making it attractive for applications requiring compact, reliable, and high-power devices based on fuel cell technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tong Huang, Xiaoyu Qiu, Junfeng Zhang, Xintian Li, Yabiao Pei, Haifei Jiang, Runfei Yue, Yan Yin, Zhongyi Jiang, Xiaosong Zhang, Michael D. Guiver
Summary: Quaternary ammonium modified polymer of intrinsic micro porosity (PIM) shows low hydrogen crossover in fuel cells, indicating effective hydrogen permeation suppression.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pikee Priya, N. R. Aluru
Summary: This study utilizes machine learning tools to analyze the total conductivity and type of charge carriers in ABO(3)-type perovskite oxides, identifying crucial predictors for these properties, and validates and screens high-conductivity perovskites for various energy applications.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
G. Athanasaki, N. Chauhan, R. Ahmad, A. M. Kannan
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of gas diffusion layer configurations containing different materials in water and hydrogen peroxide, showing that VULCAN (R) carbon suffered severe corrosion leading to performance degradation, while PUREBLACK (R) carbon demonstrated higher durability, possibly due to its structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Economics
John M. Low, R. Stuart Haszeldine, Julien Mouli-Castillo
Summary: Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles are currently the main options for decarbonising road transport, with BEVs being more widely deployed than hydrogen vehicles. This study focuses on the infrastructure requirements for hydrogen fuelling at different levels of market penetration. Scotland is used as an example due to its net-zero ambition and ample renewable energy sources. The study develops nine scenarios and a model to analyse the infrastructure needs, suggesting that early deployment of hydrogen infrastructure is necessary even in a lower demand scenario.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuejun Zhai, Qingping Yu, Jingqi Chi, Bin Li, Bo Yang, Zhenjiang Li, Jianping Lai, Lei Wang
Summary: In this study, a MOF-derived Ru, Fe dual-doped Ni2P nanosheets (RuFe-Ni2P@NF) were constructed as a bifunctional catalyst for chlorine-free hydrogen production in seawater. The catalyst only required 0.69 V to achieve 1000 mA cm(-2) of overall hydrazine splitting in seawater. An energy-saving H-2 production was realized by utilizing this catalyst, saving 4.70 W . h of electricity compared to the N2H4-free unit for producing 1.0 L of H-2. Furthermore, a direct hydrazine fuel cell was assembled to drive the self-powered H-2 production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Taejun Ha, June-Hyung Kim, Changhyo Sun, Dong-Ik Kim, Jin-Yoo Suh, Jae-il Jang, Joonho Lee, Yunseok Kim, Jae-Hyeok Shim
Summary: The effect of Ce addition on the initial hydrogen absorption behavior and microstructural features of AB-type Ti50Fe48V2 hydrogen storage alloys was investigated. Ce addition significantly improved the initial hydrogen absorption kinetics at room temperature, with no significant influence on the pressure-composition isotherms. Fine spherical particles containing Ce were dispersed in the TiFe matrix, and these particles were determined to be gamma-Ce mixed with cerium oxide. Ce particles played a crucial role by providing starting points for initial hydrogenation, explaining the significant increase in primary hydrogen absorption kinetics after Ce addition.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Abhaya K. Datye, Martin Votsmeier
Summary: This review discusses the use, synthesis routes, and materials of exhaust emissions catalysts, as well as the challenges faced in the field. New material concepts include single-atom catalysts, two-dimensional materials, three-dimensional structures, but they need to overcome various challenges before being applied to exhaust treatment in cars and trucks.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Christopher Riley, Andrew De La Riva, James Eujin Park, Stephen J. Percival, Angelica Benavidez, Eric N. Coker, Ruby E. Aidun, Elizabeth A. Paisley, Abhaya Datye, Stanley S. Chou
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of high entropy oxides (HEOs) in designing efficient oxidation catalysts with enhanced catalytic activity, oxygen storage capacity, and thermal stability. Through a simple sol-gel method, nanostructured HEOs with high surface areas up to 138m(2)/g were synthesized, marking a significant structural improvement.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan Chen, Sung 'Pil' Kang, Jordan O. James, Eva Chi, Jamie R. Gomez, Sang M. Han, Abhaya K. Datye, Vanessa Svihla
Summary: The study found that marginalized students in chemical engineering express more foundational knowledge, such as women's interest in STEM and success experiences, as well as students from minority ethnic groups or who speak other languages at home expressing more community knowledge. By developing challenging courses, it is possible to better build on different knowledge bases. The research also indicates that marginalized students and more privileged peers do not differ in terms of persistence intentions.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Raiven Balderas, Amy E. Settle, Allyson York, Davis R. Conklin, Hien N. Pham, Peter C. Metz, Katharine Page, Abhaya K. Datye, Brian G. Trewyn, Derek R. Vardon, Ryan M. Richards
Summary: This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties of commercial MgO, MgO(111), and carbon coated derivatives for 2-pentanone condensation. The results show that MgO(111) maintained impressive selectivity towards the dimer product after carbon coating, while the other catalysts experienced a decrease in conversion and selectivity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Scott A. Steinmetz, Andrew T. DeLaRiva, Christopher Riley, Paul Schrader, Abhaya Datye, Erik D. Spoerke, Christopher J. Kliewer
Summary: The role of solid surface in initiating gas-phase reactions, particularly the interaction between hydrogen atoms and surface sites, is still not well understood. This study presents the first measurements of hydrogen concentrations by laser-induced fluorescence in the gas-phase above catalytic and noncatalytic surfaces. The results show that hydrogen concentrations are highest above inert quartz surfaces compared to stainless steel and a platinum-based catalyst, and concentrations above the catalyst decrease rapidly with time on stream. These findings support the previously reported differences in bulk ethane dehydrogenation reactivity of these materials, suggesting hydrogen may serve as a good indicator for dehydrogenation activity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
John R. Regalbuto, Abhaya K. Datye
Summary: A significant breakthrough in catalyst synthesis is demonstrated through a two-step process, which enables high loadings of single atoms at a kilogram scale, making it suitable for industrial deployment.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Che-Wei Chang, Hien N. Pham, Ryan Alcala, Abhaya K. Datye, Jeffrey T. Miller
Summary: The Cyclar process, utilizing gallium-loaded ZSM-5 catalysts, has limitations in BTX yield due to light gas formation. This study investigates the relative rates and selectivity for propane conversion on different catalytic components, suggesting that using a PtZn alloy catalyst can minimize light gas production and improve aromatics yield. Additionally, the bifunctional PtZn/SiO2 + H-ZSM-5 catalyst shows higher yields and selectivity for aromatics formation compared to ZSM-5, indicating the potential for optimizing the aromatization process.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenqing Zhang, Xiaoben Zhang, Jianyang Wang, Arnab Ghosh, Jie Zhu, Nicole J. LiBretto, Guanghui Zhang, Abhaya K. Datye, Wei Liu, Jeffrey T. Miller
Summary: This study investigates the effect of varying bismuth loadings on the surface coordination of Pd-Bi catalysts, and demonstrates that different catalytic performances can be achieved. At low bismuth loading, partially alloyed surfaces exhibit improved catalytic performance; at slightly higher loading, a core-shell structure shows significantly improved selectivity and stability; at higher loading, activity decreases due to the overcoating of excess BiOx.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Carlos E. Garcia-Vargas, Xavier Isidro Pereira-Hernandez, Dong Jiang, Ryan Alcala, Andrew T. DeLaRiva, Abhaya Datye, Yong Wang
Summary: We have successfully prepared a single atom Rh-1/CeO2 catalyst through the high temperature (800 degrees C) atom trapping (AT) method, which shows excellent stability under oxidative and reductive conditions. The presence of exclusively ionic Rh species was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy characterization. The strong interaction between Rh and CeO2 achieved by the AT method ensures the stability of the ionic Rh species even under reducing conditions, resulting in high and reproducible CO oxidation activity. This is in contrast to catalysts synthesized by conventional impregnation approaches, where the ionic Rh species can be easily reduced to form Rh nanoclusters/nanoparticles and subsequently oxidized, leading to performance degradation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chih-Han Liu, Stephen Porter, Junjie Chen, Hien Pham, Eric J. Peterson, Prateek Khatri, Todd J. Toops, Abhaya Datye, Eleni A. Kyriakidou
Summary: In this study, the diesel oxidation performance of different Pd/Pt molar ratio catalysts under degreened (DG) and hydrothermally aged conditions was evaluated. It was found that Pd/Pt(1/3)/SiO2@Zr (DG) achieved the lowest temperature for CO and THCs conversion compared to other catalysts studied, indicating enhanced low temperature performance.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Junjie Chen, Hien N. Pham, Tala Mon, Todd J. Toops, Abhaya K. Datye, Zhenglong Li, Eleni A. Kyriakidou
Summary: Catalytic oxidation of CH4 over nonprecious Ni/CeO2 catalysts with different CeO2 support morphologies (nanoparticles (P), rods (R), cubes (C)) and synthetic procedures (precipitation, sol-gel (SG)) was studied. The relationship among CeO2 morphologies, redox properties, surface areas, and CH4 oxidation activity was established. CeO2-R support showed higher oxygen vacancies, improved OSC and CH4 oxidation activity compared to CeO2-P and CeO2-C supports. The same activity pattern was observed for Ni containing catalysts (Ni/CeO2-R > Ni/CeO2-P > Ni/CeO2-C). Increasing CeO2 surface area by sol-gel synthesis method (CeO2-SG) improved the CH4 oxidation performance of CeO2-SG and Ni/CeO2-SG compared to CeO2-R and Ni/CeO2-R, respectively. All studied Ni/CeO2 nanocatalysts showed improved hydrothermal stability compared to conventional Pd/Al2O3.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Madalyn Wilson-Fetrow, Vanessa Svihla, Brandon Burnside, Abhaya Datye
Summary: This study investigated students' first experiences with a CURE in a chemical engineering laboratory course. It found that students' prior experiences shaped their expectations about the CURE, and offering students constrained agency allowed them to recognize authentic supports and overcome failure.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nikita Sugak, Hien Pham, Abhaya Datye, Shomeek Mukhopadhyay, Haiyan Tan, Min Li, Lisa D. Pfefferle
Summary: 2D nanoscale confined systems behave differently from macroscopic systems, and the interlayer spacing between confining layers can be controlled using organic dithiol linkers. This study explores the use of reaction conditions and organic linkers to create variable and reproducible spacings between graphene oxide layers. Different dithiol linkers and reaction conditions can be used to adjust the spacing from 0.37 nm to over 0.50 nm.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junjie Chen, Chih-Han Liu, Hien N. Pham, Todd J. Toops, Abhaya K. Datye, Eleni A. Kyriakidou
Summary: By tuning the surface coverage of γ-Al2O3 nanosheets, ultrastable Pt/CeO2-Al2O3 nanosheet catalysts with improved low-temperature activity and stability were successfully synthesized based on the Sabatier principle of metal-support interaction.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Sung Pil Kang, Yan Chen, Vanessa Svihla, Amber Gallup, Kristen Ferris, Abhaya K. Datye
Summary: This study documents a successful change process in an engineering department at a Hispanic-serving institution, which used Kotter's eight-step change model and implemented iterative and emergent measures to enhance faculty engagement and project success.
STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
(2022)
