Article
Neurosciences
Maria Mazaharally, Sonja Stojanovski, Rebecca Trossman, Kamila Szulc-Lerch, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Brenda Colella, Joanna Glazer, Robin E. Green, Anne L. Wheeler
Summary: Progressive cortical volumetric loss is observed following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), with thinner cortices and no significant changes in cortical surface area. The changes in CT and CSA exhibit widespread regional reductions and increases in TBI participants, suggesting differential neurodegenerative mechanisms at play. Additionally, the relationships between CT and CSA changes indicate complex bi-directional effects and highlight the importance of dissecting morphometric contributions to cortical volume change.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sima Mofakham, Adam Fry, Joseph Adachi, Patricia L. Stefancin, Tim Q. Duong, Jordan R. Saadon, Nathan J. Winans, Himanshu Sharma, Guanchao Feng, Petar M. Djuric, Charles B. Mikell
Summary: This study investigates the role of thalamic input to the cortex in mediating cortical dynamics associated with the return of consciousness following traumatic brain injury. The findings suggest that thalamic injuries may lead to the formation of cortical attractors, highlighting the crucial role of thalamic input in supporting rich cortical dynamics related to consciousness.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael P. Trevarrow, Brandon J. Lew, Rashelle M. Hoffman, Brittany K. Taylor, Tony W. Wilson, Max J. Kurz
Summary: This study found altered somatosensory cortical activity in adults with cerebral palsy, extending to the upper extremities and being related to cortical thickness.
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel J. Brennan, Jeffrey Duda, Jeffrey B. Ware, John Whyte, Joon Yul Choi, James Gugger, Kristen Focht, Alexa E. Walter, Tamara Bushnik, James C. Gee, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Junghoon J. Kim
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in progressive neurodegeneration and brain atrophy. This study investigated the spatial and temporal evolution of TBI-related atrophy using longitudinal scans of 37 individuals with TBI and 33 matched controls. The results showed early cortical thinning and reduced volume in specific brain regions, as well as continued atrophy over time. The findings suggest that atrophy during the first year of TBI can serve as a biomarker for neurodegeneration.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anjan Bhattarai, Zhaolin Chen, Phyllis Chua, Paul Talman, Susan Mathers, Caron Chapman, James Howe, C. M. Sarah Lee, Yenni Lie, Govinda R. Poudel, Gary F. Egan
Summary: This study investigates the spread of pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) using a Network Diffusion Model (NDM), and reveals the involvement of the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus in seeding the spread of pathology in ALS. The study also highlights the spatial shifts in the seeds of degeneration over time. These findings have implications for the design of therapeutic interventions in ALS.
Review
Neurosciences
Terry Dean, Javid Ghaemmaghami, John Corso, Vittorio Gallo
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with no targeted therapies available. The functions and mechanisms of NG2-glia, the largest population of regenerative cells in the mature cortex, are not well understood in the context of TBI. This study synthesizes results from multiple rodent models and proposes future avenues for exploring the role of NG2-glia in TBI, suggesting that targeting these cells may enhance local cellular recovery.
Article
Cell Biology
Anais Laine, Sebastien Brot, Afsaneh Gaillard
Summary: This study investigates the therapeutic effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel on host tissue after cortical trauma. The results show that HA hydrogel promotes vascularization, reduces glial scar, and provides a favorable environment for the survival and maturation of newly generated neurons.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrei Irimia, Van Ngo, Nikhil N. Chaudhari, Fan Zhang, Shantanu H. Joshi, Anita N. Penkova, Lauren J. O'Donnell, Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei, Xiaoyu Zheng, Helena C. Chui
Summary: This study found that cerebral microbleeds in mTBI patients are associated with white matter degradation and cognitive decline, with male sex and older age as significant risk factors for larger reductions. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between CMBs and changes in cognitive functions, suggesting the need for long-term cognitive assessment in mTBI patients.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Immanuel Babu Henry Samuel, Kamila U. Pollin, Charity B. Breneman
Summary: This report investigated the association between sleep quality and cortical volume in TBI patients. The findings revealed a significant correlation between poor sleep quality and smaller gray matter volume in the cerebellum, with no association found in white matter volume. Additionally, regions involved in inhibitory brain function showed a trend towards association with sleep quality.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristina G. Witcher, Chelsea E. Bray, Titikorn Chunchai, Fangli Zhao, Shane M. O'Neil, Alan J. Gordillo, Warren A. Campbell, Daniel B. McKim, Xiaoyu Liu, Julia E. Dziabis, Ning Quan, Daniel S. Eiferman, Andy J. Fischer, Olga N. Kokiko-Cochran, Candice Askwith, Jonathan P. Godbout
Summary: Traumatic brain injury can lead to significant neuropsychiatric problems and neurodegenerative pathologies that last for years. This study showed that microglia play a crucial role in acute and chronic stages of TBI, influencing inflammation and neuropathology development, which in turn affect neuronal homeostasis and behavioral outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Correction
Neuroimaging
Venkateswaran Rajagopalan, Abhijit Das, Luduan Zhang, Frank Hillary, Glenn R. Wylie, Guang H. Yue
Summary: The author noticed that figure captions/legends got mismatched with the figures in the original published version of this article.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Justin L. Krieg, Anna V. Leonard, Renee J. Turner, Frances Corrigan, Caroline Schnakers
Summary: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a significant feature of traumatic brain injury (TBI), with different cytoskeletal components and temporal patterns. Accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the most sensitive marker for axonal injury, but there are other types of axonal injury that cannot be detected using APP immunoreactivity. Recent research has identified the nodes of Ranvier and the axon initial segment as particularly vulnerable to axonal injury.
Article
Neurosciences
Samuel W. Cramer, Samuel P. Haley, Laurentiu S. Popa, Russell E. Carter, Earl Scott, Evelyn B. Flaherty, Judith Dominguez, Justin D. Aronson, Luke Sabal, Daniel Surinach, Clark C. Chen, Suhasa B. Kodandaramaiah, Timothy J. Ebner
Summary: 2.5 million individuals in the United States suffer mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) annually. Although mTBI is characterized by a brief period of altered consciousness without objective findings of anatomical injury, long-term alterations in functional connectivity (FC) were observed in the dorsal cerebral cortex. These alterations disrupt functional interactions and information flow, suggesting that each mTBI alters neurophysiology in a deleterious manner not detected using current clinical methods.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lynde M. Wangler, Chelsea E. Bray, Jonathan M. Packer, Zoe M. Tapp, Amara C. Davis, Shane M. O'Neil, Kara Baetz, Michelle Ouvina, Mollie Witzel, Jonathan P. Godbout
Summary: The neurobiological mechanisms underlying worsened functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the elderly remain unclear. This study found that aged mice showed more severe cognitive impairment, gliosis, and neuroinflammation after TBI compared to adult mice. Age was associated with enhanced expression of cytokine/chemokine, complement, innate immune, and interferon-associated inflammatory genes in the cortex. Type I interferon (IFN) signaling was significantly enhanced in the aged brain after TBI. Overall, TBI promoted amplified IFN signaling in aged mice, resulting in extended inflammation and gliosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shahmir Naseer, Laura Abelleira-Hervas, Dhwani Savani, Ross de Burgh, Robertas Aleksynas, Cornelius K. Donat, Nelofer Syed, Magdalena Sastre
Summary: There is compelling evidence that head injury is a significant environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. This study found that traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces changes in miRNA expression, which in turn affects the expression of genes involved in neurodegeneration and AD pathology. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the development of AD after TBI.
