Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Qin Lei, Tao Li, Jia Lee, Wen-Li Xu, Ferdinand Peper
Summary: This paper formalizes a novel type of cellular automata called asynchronous communicating cellular automata (ACCA) in the framework of distributed systems with asynchronous communication. ACCA models allow cells to independently exchange states with neighboring cells at random times through a specific protocol. The paper analyzes the effect of asynchronous communication on the dynamical behavior of cellular automata, particularly their robustness, and proposes effective methods to transform synchronous cellular automata into equivalent ACCAs.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Duo Xu, Huijun Sun
Summary: Improving parking efficiency is crucial for urban transportation reform. However, the significant deadweight costs caused by parking are often underestimated. This paper explores the factors influencing parking issues and proposes two permit management schemes. The study finds that parking search leads to adjustments in travelers' schedules and locations, increasing trip costs and reducing parking lot occupancy. While permit schemes can reduce deadweight loss, it is only by eliminating the search cost that fundamental reduction can be achieved. Therefore, information guidance is necessary to reduce parking search, and a transition to permit schemes with parking information is recommended as urban parking demands grow.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Aleksey Ogulenko, Itzhak Benenson, Nir Fulman
Summary: This study investigates the key parameters of parking occupancy in a delineated area, including car arrival rate, dwell time of parked cars, and drivers' willingness to continue searching. A simple deterministic model is proposed to approximate the major characteristics of the parking system, while stochastic models estimate the distribution of these characteristics.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART B-METHODOLOGICAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Akane Kawaharada
Summary: This paper focuses on the study of linear one-dimensional and two-dimensional elementary cellular automata that generate symmetrical spatio-temporal patterns. The paper presents one-variable functions for the limit sets by normalizing the number of nonzero states of the patterns and taking limits. It is found that the resulting functions from different rules of elementary cellular automata are Salem's singular functions.
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wenrui Lv, Chong Fu, Xiuli Chai, Leo Yu Zhang, Junxin Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a new image encryption scheme based on cellular automata, utilizing chaotic maps for spatial distribution encryption and different encryption kernels for pixels in different areas. This scheme has the advantages of easy implementation, discrete dynamical system, and chaos theory, and its effectiveness and advantages are demonstrated through simulation results and security analysis.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Balazs Pozsgay
Summary: The model presented is a one-dimensional reversible block cellular automaton with time evolution dictated by a period 3 cycle of update rules, displaying rich dynamics. The system features three types of stable particles and factorized multi-particle scattering. The model is embedded into the canonical framework of Yang-Baxter integrability by proving the existence of a commuting set of diagonal-to-diagonal transfer matrices, involving a new type of Lax operator.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2021)
Article
Economics
Andres Rodriguez, Ruben Cordera, Borja Alonso, Luigi dell'Olio, Juan Benavente
Summary: This article analyzes the impact of different parking management policies on public roads. Through simulation and sensitivity analysis, it is found that dynamic fares can reduce searching time, curb traffic and emissions, but users need to spend more time from their parking location to their destinations.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
B. Praba, R. Saranya
Summary: This paper discusses the utilization of fuzzy graph cellular automaton in solving practical problems, particularly in the field of parking management, demonstrating more accurate results compared to other models.
NEW MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Barbara Wolnik, Anna Nenca, Adam Dzedzej, Bernard De Baets
Summary: This paper discusses two-dimensional cellular automata with rotation symmetry and number conservation. It is shown that if the number of states k is smaller than or equal to six, then each rotation-symmetric number-conserving cellular automaton is isomorphic to some k-ary one. However, an example of a seven-state rotation-symmetric number-conserving cellular automaton is provided in this paper, which demonstrates the importance of not only focusing on cellular automata with {0, 1, ..., k-1} as state sets.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Di Wu, Zhanxiu Zeng, Fengrui Shi, Weiren Yu, Tao Wu, Qiang Liu
Summary: This paper introduces a mobile crowdsensing system called ParkHop to address challenges in timely information sharing and low-cost infrastructure deployment regarding parking availability in cities. By utilizing a joint estimator to process data and evaluate worker reliability, as well as designing specific worker selection methods and incentive schemes, the aggregation and dissemination of parking information has been effectively enhanced.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yongjia Zhang, Jianxin Zhou, Yajun Yin, Xu Shen, Xiaoyuan Ji
Summary: A parallel 3D cellular automaton model was developed for dendritic growth simulation during solidification of binary alloy, implemented using GPU with CUDA and MPI combination to achieve high parallel performance and reduce communication cost. The model accurately predicts the development of columnar and equiaxed dendrites during directional solidification at different cooling rates.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Nir Fulman, Itzhak Benenson
Summary: The study introduces an approximation method for estimating the probability of searching for on-street parking longer than a specified time based on high-resolution maps of parking demand and supply. The proposed method is validated by comparing its outcomes to estimates obtained from an agent-based simulation model. Despite an overall low demand-to-supply ratio, excessive demand in the city center leads to significant parking search durations exceeding 5 or even 10 minutes. The study discusses the potential application of this approach in urban planning.
TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bogdan Bochenek, Katarzyna Tajs-Zielinska
Summary: This study proposes the concept of an original heuristic topology generator, which efficiently generates optimal topologies by utilizing the phenomenon of colliding bodies and deriving Cellular Automata rules based on governing laws. The derived algorithm has been successfully combined with the commercial finite element software package ANSYS, showcasing its versatility for engineering applications. Based on test results, it can serve as an alternative algorithm to existing topology generators.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chuan-Zhi Xie, Tie-Qiao Tang, Peng-Cheng Hu, Liang Chen
Summary: In this paper, a case study was conducted to analyze pedestrian movement behavior on escalators, focusing on the physical attributes, microscopic movement characteristics, and macro-level flow dynamics. A step-length-based CA model was developed to represent pedestrian movement and simulations were conducted to analyze pedestrian guidance strategies.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Wenrui Lv, Junxin Chen, Xiuli Chai, Chong Fu
Summary: This paper proposes a block encryption scheme based on reversible Life-liked cellular automaton. The proposed method uses a classic confusion-diffusion structure and reversible Life-liked cellular automaton for encryption. Performance analyses show that the proposed scheme has good cryptographic features, can effectively defend against common attacks, and exhibits robustness.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Transportation
Yizhe Huang, Daniel(Jian) Sun, Aoyong Li, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of bicycle traffic on the macroscopic fundamental diagrams for urban car traffic and proposes a method based on Bicycle Congestion Index. The study findings suggest that increasing network car flow can be more efficient by installing physically separated facilities and reducing spilling bicycles.
TRANSPORTMETRICA A-TRANSPORT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Felix Zwick, Nico Kuehnel, Rolf Moeckel, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: The study found that replacing all car trips with a stop-based ride-pooling system can significantly reduce noise in residential areas, while door-to-door systems may increase noise exposure.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Sebastian Hoerl, Felix Becker, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: This paper presents an agent-based transport simulation of AMoD in Zurich, Switzerland, analyzing the equilibrium states of service cost, waiting times, and demand. The study shows that customers are willing to accept average waiting times of around 4 minutes at a price of 0.75 CHF/km.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Daniel J. Reck, He Haitao, Sergio Guidon, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: Competition and mode choice of shared micromobility services are influenced by distance and time, with docked modes being favored for commuting. There is a fundamental relationship between fleet density and usage, with decreasing marginal utility gains as fleet densities increase. City authorities and service providers can leverage this relationship to optimize micromobility services.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tanvi Maheshwari, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: Recent developments in vehicle automation, connectivity, electro-mobility and ridesharing are expected to transform urban mobility patterns and reshape cities. This paper examines whether the technological shift in transportation will lead cities on a path to sustainability in five aspects, and finds that conflicting results from analytical and simulation models underline the importance of driving factors such as technological integration, policy, operations and urban planning. The interaction of these driving forces will determine if the technological shift improves transportation sustainability or is detrimental for the city in the long term.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Taha Benarbia, Kay W. Axhausen, Bilal Farooq
Summary: One-way Electric Car sharing (ECs) systems face challenges in relocation costs and increasing user numbers. This study proposes an agent-based relocation strategy based on real-time inventory control within the framework of generalized stochastic Petri Nets (PN) to predict critical situations and improve system performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Aoyong Li, Kun Gao, Pengxiang Zhao, Xiaobo Qu, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: This study presents a unique framework for evaluating the environmental impacts of dockless bike-sharing systems (DLBS) based on transaction data, showing substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and substantial savings compared to typical gasoline vehicles. The results highlight the importance of analyzing environmental impacts at the trip level and provide valuable insights for DLBS benefit-cost analysis, planning, and management.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Daniel J. Reck, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: Shared micro-mobility services have become popular in Zurich, with users mainly young, university-educated males living in affluent households without children or cars. E-scooter users, in particular, are younger and more representative of the general population in terms of education, full-time employment, income, and gender compared to bike-sharing users.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kun Gao, Minhua Shao, Kay W. Axhausen, Lijun Sun, Huizhao Tu, Yihong Wang
Summary: This paper empirically investigates the inertia effects of past behavior in commuting modal shift behavior, exploring influences on traveler's preferences regarding level-of-service variables, mode-specific inertia effects, and factors contributing to heterogeneity of inertia effects. Results show significant interactions of inertia terms with LOS variables, distinct inertia effects for different transport modes, and effects of personal characteristics and contexts on inertia effects magnitude. Incorporating interactions and mode-specific inertia effects can improve demand estimation in various contexts.
Article
Economics
Joseph Molloy, Felix Becker, Basil Schmid, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: Mixl is a new R package for estimating advanced choice models, which greatly reduces memory usage and runtime by utilizing the inherent properties of the log-likelihood problem structure. It supports parallel computing and shows near linear speedups on up to 24 cores. Mixl is fast, easy to use, and scales well to very large datasets.
JOURNAL OF CHOICE MODELLING
(2021)
Letter
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ashley Nunes, Kay W. Axhausen
NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Economics
Joseph Molloy, Thomas Schatzmann, Beaumont Schoeman, Christopher Tchervenkov, Beat Hintermann, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: The study on the impact of Covid-19 measures in Switzerland showed significant changes in mobility behavior, with a decrease of around 60% in average daily distance traveled and a reduction of over 90% in the use of public transport. Behavioral shifts were observed both before and after the announcement of measures, with a drastic increase in cycling as a mode of transportation. Long-term implications of these changes are discussed, particularly the increased preference for cycling as a result of the pandemic.
Article
Ergonomics
M. Nazemi, M. A. B. van Eggermond, A. Erath, D. Schaffner, M. Joos, Kay W. Axhausen
Summary: The research introduces a novel method in bicycling research by using a bicycle simulator combined with immersive VR to study cyclists' perceptions and preferences in different environments. Despite limitations, immersive 360-degree VR was found to be a powerful tool for evaluating future street designs in transport and urban planning.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Economics
Giancarlos Parady, Andreas Frei, Matthias Kowald, Sergio Guidon, Michael Wicki, Pauline van den Berg, Juan-Antonio Carrasco, Theo Arentze, Harry Timmermans, Barry Wellman, Kiyoshi Takami, Noboru Harata, Kay Axhausen
Summary: This study aims to comparatively examine the factors influencing social interaction frequency among social network members with different communication modes. Results reveal consistent associations between social interaction frequency and network size, ego-alter distance, and emotional closeness, which are largely independent of context.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Transportation
Claude Weis, Matthias Kowald, Antonin Danalet, Basil Schmid, Milenko Vrtic, Kay W. Axhausen, Nicole Mathys
Summary: Every five years, the Mobility and Transport Microcensus (MTMC) is conducted in Switzerland to gather data for new generation transport demand models; the stable nature of willingness-to-pay indicators is beneficial for cost-benefit analyses.
TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIETY
(2021)
