Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cody R. Fisher, Mara C. Ebeling, Zhaohui Geng, Rebecca J. Kapphahn, Heidi Roehrich, Sandra R. Montezuma, James R. Dutton, Deborah A. Ferrington
Summary: This study evaluated the treatment response of haRPE and iPSC-RPE to oxidative stress and potential therapeutics for mitochondrial defects. The results showed disease-specific responses in haRPE, while iPSC-RPE had similar responses regardless of disease status. Analysis of cells generated from the same donor showed a similar response for donors without AMD, but significant differences in treatment response between cell models from AMD donors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woo Kwon Jung, Su-Bin Park, Hwa Young Yu, Yong Hwan Kim, Junghyun Kim
Summary: Esculetin exerts potent antioxidant effects in ARPE-19 cells, protecting them from oxidative injury induced by t-BHP and reducing apoptosis. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic implications of Esculetin for retinal dysfunction.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhibo Si, Yajuan Zheng, Jing Zhao
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of vision loss in the elderly. It is characterized by the formation of Drusen in dry AMD and cell proliferation and choroidal angiogenesis in wet AMD. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays a crucial role in the development of AMD, with outer segment phagocytosis and autophagy being important processes for RPE cell renewal and protection against oxidative stress damage. However, impaired phagocytosis and autophagy in RPE cells can lead to AMD progression. Understanding the roles of RPE cell phagocytosis and autophagy in AMD pathogenesis can help identify potential therapeutic targets to prevent irreversible RPE and photoreceptor cell death and protect against AMD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena Daniele, Lorenzo Bosio, Noor Ahmed Hussain, Barbara Ferrari, Stefano Ferrari, Vanessa Barbaro, Brian McArdle, Nicolo Rassu, Marco Mura, Francesco Parmeggiani, Diego Ponzin
Summary: Recent clinical studies indicate the potential of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell replacement therapy in preserving vision in retinal degenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the survival and behavior of human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE (hESC-RPE) cells on a decellularized Descemet's Membrane (DM), which could be a suitable substrate for retinal cell therapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Shi-Ying Li, Yong Liu, Lei Wang, Fang Wang, Tong-Tao Zhao, Qi-You Li, Hai-Wei Xu, Xiao-Hong Meng, Jie Hao, Qi Zhou, Liu Wang, Zheng-Qin Yin
Summary: The study evaluated the long-term biosafety and efficacy of hESC-RPE cell transplantation in early-stage STGD1 patients, showing improved visual function and good safety. However, further research is needed to select proper subjects.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyunchae Sim, Wonhwa Lee, Samyeol Choo, Eui Kyun Park, Moon-Chang Baek, In-Kyu Lee, Dong Ho Park, Jong-Sup Bae
Summary: A study evaluated the protective effects of SFN from cruciferous vegetables against PM2.5-induced oxidative damage, showing that SFN effectively alleviates oxidative damage in human ARPE-19 cells via its antioxidant effects.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masahiro Miura, Shuichi Makita, Yoshiaki Yasuno, Takuya Iwasaki, Shinnosuke Azuma, Toshihiro Mino, Tatsuo Yamaguchi
Summary: The study quantitatively evaluated retinal pigment epithelium changes in patients with age-related macular degeneration using prototype multi-contrast optical coherence tomography. The results showed that multi-contrast OCT is useful for objective evaluation of changes in the retinal pigment epithelium.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ha Young Jang, Chang Sik Cho, Young Mi Shin, Jina Kwak, Young Hoon Sung, Byeong-Cheol Kang, Jeong Hun Kim
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms underlying retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction in aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using primary marmoset cells. Comparisons were made between the effects of fetal bovine serum (FBS) and serum-free supplements on cell characteristics, and age-related morphological changes were assessed. The results suggest that primary marmoset RPE cells provide a reliable in vitro model for developing therapeutics for AMD.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ioannis J. Limnios, Yu-Qian Chau, Stuart J. Skabo, Denver C. Surrao, Helen C. O'Neill
Summary: This study developed a rapid and efficient method for producing retinal RPE cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) using small molecules. The RPE cells exhibited key morphological, molecular, and functional characteristics of endogenous RPE, showing potential for clinical-grade cell production to treat AMD.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shiu-Jau Chen, Tzer-Bin Lin, Hsien-Yu Peng, Hsiang-Jui Liu, An-Sheng Lee, Cheng-Hsien Lin, Kuang-Wen Tseng
Summary: The study demonstrates that fucoxanthin protects RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and decreased photoreceptor cell loss. Fucoxanthin treatment significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species generation and reduced malondialdehyde concentrations in oxidative stress-induced RPE cell damage. Additionally, fucoxanthin may protect against premature senescence and cellular dysfunction in retinal cells exposed to oxidative stress.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pei-Li Yao, Vipul M. Parmar, Mayur Choudhary, Goldis Malek
Summary: The expression and activity of NURR1 play critical roles in the physiological and pathological functions of human RPE cells. Targeting NURR1 may have therapeutic potential for AMD by improving EMT, inflammation, and lipid homeostasis in RPE cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Aram Asatryan, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Marie-Audrey I. Kautzmann, Bokkyoo Jun, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Thang L. Pham, Vicente Bermudez, Melina Valeria Mateos, Jessica Heap, Nicolas G. Bazan
Summary: A new cell line ABC derived from human RPE cells was characterized in this study, which remarkably recapitulates the characteristics of native human eye cells. These cells display higher resistance to oxidative stress and can be protected from senescence through mTOR inhibition. They are also responsive to Neuroprotectin D1, which downregulates inflammasomes and upregulates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jinying Li, Chen Qiu, Yang Wei, Weixin Yuan, Jia Liu, Wenyu Cui, Jiayi Zhou, Cong Qiu, Lihe Guo, Liquan Huang, Zhen Ge, Luyang Yu
Summary: Human amniotic epithelial stem cells can differentiate into RPE like cells with the help of trichostatin A and nicotinamide, showing potential therapeutic effects for age-related macular degeneration. Subretinal transplantation of these cells in RCS rats resulted in rescued visual function and retinal structure.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Furong Gao, Lei Wang, Binxin Wu, Qingjian Ou, Haibin Tian, Jingying Xu, Caixia Jin, Jieping Zhang, Juan Wang, Lixia Lu, Guo-Tong Xu
Summary: The research found that replicative senescence in RPE cells leads to an increase in EMT markers, but senescent RPE cells themselves do not undergo EMT. Conditioned medium from senescent cells induce EMT in presenescent RPE cells and accelerates the process of cell senescence.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali Koskela, Federico Manai, Filippo Basagni, Mikko Liukkonen, Michela Rosini, Stefano Govoni, Massimo Dal Monte, Adrian Smedowski, Kai Kaarniranta, Marialaura Amadio
Summary: Antioxidant systems play key roles in elderly diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study investigated the protective effects of nature-inspired hybrids on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The hybrids increased the expression of Nrf2-target genes and improved intracellular redox balance without affecting autophagy flux. Furthermore, the hybrids enhanced cell survival and reduced inflammation when exposed to proteasome and autophagy inhibitors. The study suggests that Nrf2 is a valuable target for treating AMD.