Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine Pihoker, Barbara H. Braffett, Thomas J. Songer, William H. Herman, Melinda Tung, Shihchen Kuo, Anna Bellatorre, Elvira Isganaitis, Elizabeth T. Jensen, Jasmin Divers, Ping Zhang, David M. Nathan, Kimberly Drews, Dana Dabelea, Philip S. Zeitler
Summary: This study found that lack of health care coverage and an established source of diabetes care were associated with higher glycated hemoglobin levels for individuals with type 1 diabetes, but the results were inconsistent for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Increased access to diabetes care, such as through Medicaid expansion, may be associated with improved health outcomes. Additional strategies are needed for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anjali Gopalan, Maruta A. Blatchins, Andrea Altschuler, Pranita Mishra, Issa Fakhouri, Richard W. Grant
Summary: The study found that there is significant variation in the experience of receiving a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes among younger adults and suggests opportunities to improve this process through providing pre-test counseling, identifying patient-preferred settings for receiving the news, and developing initial care strategies.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camelia Oana Iatcu, Aimee Steen, Mihai Covasa
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation shows potential in treating diabetes and its complications. The severity of gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with disease severity, and restoration of the gut microbiota through probiotic administration can improve symptoms and disease progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tanapat Laowahutanon, Haruyo Nakamura, Hisateru Tachimori, Shuhei Nomura, Tippawan Liabsuetrakul, Apiradee Lim, Petch Rawdaree, Netnapis Suchonwanich, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Aya Ishizuka, Kenji Shibuya, Hiroaki Miyata, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong
Summary: The study found a linear increase in hospital admission rates for T2DM patients in Thailand from 2009 to 2016, with higher rates for females compared to males. Despite an increase in T2DM admission rates in 2016 compared to 2009, geographic inequalities were reduced by 2016.
Article
Neurosciences
Christine M. Embury, Grace H. Lord, Andjela T. Drincic, Cyrus Desouza, Tony W. Wilson
Summary: Poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes is associated with age-related cognitive decline, and this study aims to investigate its impact on the neural dynamics serving working memory. The results show that individuals with poorer glycemic control exhibit diminished neural responses in specific brain regions during encoding and maintenance phases of working memory, as well as enhanced activity in other regions. The activity in these regions significantly predicts task performance, with longer reaction times associated with poorer glycemic control. These findings highlight the importance of glycemic control for working memory and its underlying neural mechanisms.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christine Gyldenkerne, Jakob S. Knudsen, Kevin K. W. Olesen, Henrik T. Sorensen, Hans E. Botker, Reimar W. Thomsen, Michael Maeng
Summary: From 1996 to 2011, Danish patients with incident type 2 diabetes and no prior cardiovascular disease experienced significant reductions in cardiac risk and mortality. These risk reductions coincided with increased use of prophylactic cardiovascular medications.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Michael Leutner, Jurgen Harreiter
Summary: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in both sexes, but men are diagnosed at a younger age and lower body fat mass than women. Worldwide, there are about 17.7 million more men than women with diabetes. Women are at a greater risk for obesity at the time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis and psychosocial stress may play a more prominent role in their diabetes risk.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgia M. Davis, Hui Shao, Francisco J. Pasquel
Summary: A novel AI-based decision support system for insulin titration in type 2 diabetes sheds light on important considerations for clinical implementation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma J. Hamilton, Wendy A. Davis, Ranita Siru, Mendel Baba, Paul E. Norman, Timothy M. E. Davis
Summary: The incidence of DFU hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes has increased between different age groups, especially in younger participants. Factors such as PSN, peripheral arterial disease, and suboptimal glycemic control at baseline were identified as independent predictors of incident hospitalization for/with DFU.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ji-Yeon Lee, Young-Eun Kim, Kyungdo Han, Eugene Han, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Seung-Hyun Ko, Yong-Ho Lee
Summary: This study found an association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a higher risk of severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes, independent of obesity status. This association was particularly prominent in female participants and those with underweight.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel B. Forster, Emmanuel Sandoval Garcia, Anniek J. Sluiman, Sheila M. Grecian, Stela McLachlan, Tom J. MacGillivray, Mark W. J. Strachan, Jackie F. Price
Summary: This study found that increased retinal venular tortuosity and decreased fractal dimension are associated with incident diabetic retinopathy, independent of classical risk factors. Venular tortuosity may be a useful biomarker to improve the predictive ability of established retinopathy risk factor models.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Nathan, GRADE Study Res Grp, John M. Lachin, Ashok Balsubramanyam, Henry B. Burch, John B. Buse, Nicole M. Butera, Robert M. Cohen, Jill P. Crandall, Steven E. Kahn, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Mary E. Larkin, Neda Rasouli, Margaret Tiktin, Deborah J. Wexler, Naji Younes
Summary: In this trial, all four glucose-lowering medications added to metformin were effective in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels. Glargine and liraglutide showed modestly superior efficacy in achieving and maintaining target glycated hemoglobin levels.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miranda T. Schram, Willem J. J. Assendelft, Theo G. van Tilburg, Nicole H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers
Summary: Social networks have been causally related to disease and mortality risk for decades, but research in this field for diabetes care is still in its early stages. Studies have found that living alone and lack of social support are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, while social support has a positive impact on self-management of diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zizheng Zhang, Ping He, Huayan Yao, Renjie Jing, Wen Sun, Ping Lu, Yanbin Xue, Jiying Qi, Bin Cui, Min Cao, Guang Ning
Summary: This study uses network analysis to uncover the prevalent comorbidities and their interrelationships in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The findings reveal that these comorbidities manifest as clusters or age-specific outbreaks, and there are core diseases in each sex.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Allison L. B. Shapiro, Dana Dabelea, Jeanette M. Stafford, Ralph D'Agostino, Catherine Pihoker, Angela D. Liese, Amy S. Shah, Anna Bellatorre, Jean M. Lawrence, Leora Henkin, Sharon Saydah, Greta Wilkening
Summary: In youth with type 2 diabetes, lower fluid cognition was observed compared to those with type 1 diabetes. However, this difference can be accounted for by differences in receptive language, central adiposity, and mental health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abdullah Almaqhawi, Patrick Highton, Mukund Narasimhan, Melanie J. Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Samuel Seidu
Summary: This study evaluated the educational quality and reliability of YouTube videos on diabetes foot examinations. The majority of the videos were found to be low in quality and reliability. It is recommended to access high-quality foot examination videos from reputable sources.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Karen O. B. Appiah, Kamlesh Khunti, Benjamin M. Kelly, Aidan Q. Innes, Zhining Liao, Michael Dymond, Robert G. Middleton, Thomas W. Wainwright, Thomas Yates, Francesco Zaccardi
Summary: This study aimed to develop risk scores of preoperative patient factors and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) as predictors of patient-rated satisfaction and improvement following hip and knee replacements. Analysis of prospectively collected patient data showed that preoperative PROMs were closely related to surgical outcomes. Prediction models were developed to predict dissatisfaction and lack of improvement following surgery based on easily accessible preoperative patient factors and PROMs.
JOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Naomi Holman, Emma Barron, Bob Young, Edward W. Gregg, Kamlesh Khunti, Jonathan Valabhji, Naveed Sattar
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether COVID-19 increases the incidence of diabetes. The results showed that COVID-19 did not have a significant impact on the incidence of diabetes compared to people hospitalized with pneumonia.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angels Mollo, Bogdan Vlacho, Monica Gratacos, Manel Mata-Cases, Esther Rubinat, Anna Berenguera, Jordi Real, Ramon Puig-Treserra, Xavier Cos, Josep Franch-Nadal, Kamlesh Khunti, Didac Mauricio, INTEGRA Res grp
Summary: A specially designed multicomponent healthcare intervention can improve glycaemic control in subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jodie Chan, David Blane, Pratik Choudhary, Tahseen A. Chowdhury, Aaliya Goyal, Wasim Hanif, Joyce Jacca, Rohini Mathur, Shivani Misra, Nana Ocran, Martin K. Rutter, Ruth Studley, Shaun Treweek, Jonathan Valabhji, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: This article aims to develop a position statement that identifies research priorities to address health inequalities in diabetes and provides recommendations to researchers and research funders on how best to conduct research in these areas. By conducting a two-day research workshop, experts from various fields were able to identify key areas that need increased focus, such as improving patient and public involvement in research, improving research design to represent the people who could benefit most, and using theories from implementation science to facilitate the uptake of research findings into routine practice. The article emphasizes the urgency of addressing health inequalities in diabetes and calls on the diabetes research community to act upon the recommendations outlined in the position statement.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Yogini V. V. Chudasama, Kamlesh Khunti
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lauren L. O'Mahoney, Ash Routen, Clare Gillies, Winifred Ekezie, Anneka Welford, Alexa Zhang, Urvi Karamchandani, Nikita Simms-Williams, Shabana Cassambai, Ashkon Ardavani, Thomas J. Wilkinson, Grace Hawthorne, Ffion Curtis, Andrew P. Kingsnorth, Abdullah Almaqhawi, Thomas Ward, Daniel Ayoubkhani, Amitava Banerjee, Melanie Calvert, Roz Shafran, Terence Stephenson, Jonathan Sterne, Helen Ward, Rachael A. Evans, Francesco Zaccardi, Shaney Wright, Kamlesh Khunti
Summary: This study systematically synthesized global evidence on the prevalence of persistent symptoms in a general post COVID-19 population. The findings show that regardless of hospitalization status, at least 45% of COVID-19 survivors experience unresolved symptoms for about 4 months. The current understanding of Long Covid is limited by heterogeneous study design, follow-up durations, and measurement methods, hindering effective treatment and management strategies.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melanie J. Davies, Amra Ciric Alibegovic, Anders Boeck Jensen, Renuka Munikrishnappa, Rikke Baastrup Nordsborg, Uffe Christian Braae
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the ethnic differences in glycaemic levels and clinical characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes initiating BIAsp 30 in primary practice in England. The results showed that HbA1c levels decreased in all ethnic groups, with small differences observed between groups. BMI increased modestly in all groups, with small differences observed between groups.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David E. Kloecker, Melanie J. Davies, Dario Pitocco, Kamlesh Khunti, Francesco Zaccardi
Summary: In this study, the impact of intensive glucose control on multiple cardiovascular events was examined. The results showed that there was no significant effect of intensive glucose control on cardiovascular disease progression, except in certain subgroups.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jonathan Goldney, Jack A. Sargeant, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: GLP-1RAs are protective against nephropathy, while DPP-4is may have protective effects against albuminuria and peripheral neuropathy. However, the use of DPP-4is and semaglutide may increase the risk of retinopathy. Well-designed trials are needed to clarify the associations between incretin therapies and microvascular diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kamlesh Khunti, Mussa Almalki, Juliana C. N. Chan, Aslam Amod
Summary: Real-world evidence (RWE) is vital in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D), providing valuable data about intervention effectiveness and safety outside of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). This review highlights the value of RWE in day-to-day clinical practice, particularly with sulfonylureas (SUs), and presents examples of international real-world studies in people with T2D. RWE informs healthcare professionals (HCPs), regulatory authorities, and improves treatment adherence and patient quality of life.
Review
Immunology
Winifred Ekezie, Aaisha Connor, Emma Gibson, Kamlesh Khunti, Atiya Kamal
Summary: COVID-19 has disproportionately affected ethnic minority populations with higher morbidity and mortality rates, but their vaccine uptake remains lower than non-minoritised groups. This systematic review examines behaviour change techniques in interventions aimed at increasing vaccination uptake among ethnic minority communities. The review includes 23 studies that categorise interventions using the Behaviour Change Wheel and Behaviour Change Taxonomy v1. The study finds that effective interventions are multi-component and tailored to specific populations, with education, persuasion, and enablement being the main intervention functions used. Raising awareness and involving community organizations show positive effects in increasing vaccine acceptance.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elizabeth Hickman, Mansha Seawoodharry, Clare Gillies, Kamlesh Khunti, Samuel Seidu
Summary: This systematic review investigates deprescribing practices and outcomes in older patients with end-of-life designation or residing in long-term care facilities with cardiometabolic conditions. Results suggest that controlled and regularly monitored deprescribing of preventive medications is feasible and beneficial in this patient population. However, further research is needed due to limited evidence and study heterogeneity to fully assess the benefits of deprescribing in this group.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Yates, G. J. H. Biddle, J. Henson, C. L. Edwardson, F. Arsenyadis, L. M. Goff, D. Papamargaritis, D. R. Webb, K. Khunti, M. J. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the impact of weight cycling on fat mass and fat-free mass in a primary care population at high risk of type 2 diabetes, using 24-month weight change trajectories.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melanie Davies, Amra Ciric Alibegovic, Gayathri Anil, Uffe Christian Braae, Anders Boeck Jensen, Rikke Baastrup Nordsborg
Summary: This study investigated the use of premixed insulin with GLP-1RA in treating type 2 diabetes, comparing its efficacy and clinical outcomes with basal insulin + GLP-1RA therapy.
