Article
Immunology
Alireza Felegary, Shahram Nazarian, Emad Kordbacheh, Javad Fathi, Mohamad Ebrahim Minae
Summary: This study evaluated the antibody response and protection of a recombinant chimeric protein against Shigella, finding that the protein produced in E. coli could be a promising candidate for vaccine development against Shigella. The chimeric protein showed high antibody response and neutralization ability against the bacterial toxin, providing significant protection in immunized mice against both S. flexneri and S.dysentery.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shoichi Tachiyama, Ryan Skaar, Yunjie Chang, Brittany L. Carroll, Meenakumari Muthuramalingam, Sean K. Whittier, Michael L. Barta, Wendy L. Picking, Jun Liu, William D. Picking
Summary: Shigella flexneri, the causative agent of bacillary dysentery, utilizes a type III secretion system as its primary virulence factor to inject effector proteins into host cells. The cytoplasmic sorting platform of the injectisome, specifically the Spa33 pods, plays a critical role in substrate selection and secretion energizing. Through biophysical analyses, a model of Spa33 heterotrimers within the SP pods is proposed, suggesting how two distinct complexes come together to form complete pod structures during the recruitment of T3SS secretion substrates.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Poyin Chen, Brian C. Russo, Jeffrey K. Duncan-Lowey, Natasha Bitar, Keith T. Egger, Marcia B. Goldberg
Summary: Shigella species use a type 3 secretion system to deliver virulence factors into host cells through a pore formed by IpaB and IpaC proteins. IpaB plays a crucial role in forming and organizing the pore channel, allowing for efficient delivery of virulence proteins into host cells during infection. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of the Shigella translocon during infection.
Article
Microbiology
Lisa Perruzza, Carlo Zagaglia, Laura Vitiello, Meysam Sarshar, Francesco Strati, Martina Pasqua, Fabio Grassi, Mauro Nicoletti, Anna Teresa Palamara, Cecilia Ambrosi, Daniela Scribano
Summary: Intestinal epithelial cells act as the first line of defense against enteric pathogens by using pro-inflammatory programmed cell death to eliminate microbes and create an inflammatory environment. However, pathogens such as Shigella flexneri have evolved the ability to manipulate host cell fate by releasing apyrase to degrade intracellular ATP, preventing cell death and dampening the inflammatory response.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Miguel Diaz-Guerrero, Meztlli O. Gaytan, Eduardo Soto, Norma Espinosa, Elizabeth Garcia-Gomez, Arely Marcos-Vilchis, Angel Andrade, Bertha Gonzalez-Pedrajo
Summary: The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a complex molecular device that enables pathogenic bacteria to transport effector proteins directly into host cells. The CesL/SepL/SepD complex regulates the switch from translocator to effector secretion in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, ensuring proper secretion and stability of the components involved. CesL also interacts with the cytoplasmic domains of export gate components, contributing to the regulation of substrate secretion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Diaz-Rullo, Jose Eduardo Gonzalez-Pastor
Summary: In this study, we developed a novel bioinformatic strategy to predict Q-genes and found that these genes are widely enriched in cellular functions, especially in biofilm formation and virulence in bacteria, particularly in human pathogens. Experimental validation showed that altering the level of tRNA Q-modification significantly affected these physiological processes in different model bacteria, representing the first report of a general mechanism controlling biofilm formation and virulence in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, we propose that changes in Q availability in a microbiome would impact its functionality. These findings open new avenues for the control of bacterial infections and biofilm formation by inhibiting tRNA Q-modification.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amit Meir, Kevin Mace, Yogesh Vegunta, Sunanda M. Williams, Gabriel Waksman
Summary: This review provides an update on recent advances in substrate recruitment and delivery by recruitment platforms associated with Type III, IV, and VI secretion systems in gram-negative bacteria.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Meenakumari Muthuramalingam, Sean K. Whittier, Wendy L. Picking, William D. Picking
Summary: Shigella, a human-restricted pathogen causing bacillary dysentery, primarily relies on a type III secretion system (T3SS) consisting of multiple components and proteins for its virulence. Studying the T3SS injectisome in Shigella and related systems helps to understand its pathogenic mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raphael Sierocki, Bakhos Jneid, Maria Lucia Orsini Delgado, Marc Plaisance, Bernard Maillere, Herve Nozach, Stephanie Simon
Summary: Salmonella and Shigella are significant pathogens causing enteric infections, particularly in developing countries, and the development of broadly protective therapies is essential due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. By targeting needle tip proteins SipD for Salmonella and IpaD for Shigella, a monoclonal antibody was identified to have good cross-protection prophylactic efficacy, providing potential for the development of cross-protective therapeutic agents.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Elizabeth A. Rucks
Summary: Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are utilized by Gram-negative pathogens to deliver effector proteins into target eukaryotic cells for manipulating cell functions and enhancing pathogenesis. This review will discuss the history, biochemical characterization, and function of chlamydial T3SS, as well as the use of heterologous/surrogate models for studying it. The review will also cover the history of chlamydial effectors and recent advances in the field.
MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eduardo Soto, Jorge E. Galan, Marfa Lara-Tejero
Summary: In this study, an extensive in vivo cross-linking strategy aided by structure modeling was used to investigate the sorting platform complex of type III secretion systems. The assembly process of this bacterial structure was mapped using identified cross-links as signatures for pairwise intersubunit interactions and systematic genetic deletions. Insights generated by this study could be used for the rational development of antivirulence strategies against medically important bacterial pathogens.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Navoun Silue, Francois-Xavier Campbell-Valois
Summary: Shigella utilizes a Type III Secretion Apparatus to translocate proteins into host cells, including two newly discovered chromosomal genes - icaR and icaT, which can also be activated by MxiE and IpgC. These genes are secreted by T3SA independently of chaperones, and have orthologs in various E. coli strains belonging mainly to phylogroups A, B1, D, and E.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alina Guse, Manuel Halte, Svenja Huesing, Marc Erhardt
Summary: The study revealed that the type-III secretion system of bacterial flagellum has a remarkable substrate specificity during flagellar assembly, accurately secreting the required substrates at different stages, and the specificity switch is unidirectional and irreversible.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Thomas E. Wood, Kathleen A. Westervelt, Jessica M. Yoon, Heather D. Eshleman, Roie Levy, Henry Burnes, Daniel J. Slade, Cammie F. Lesser, Marcia B. Goldberg
Summary: The effector protein OspB of Shigella spp. is a cysteine protease that modulates the TORC1 signaling pathway to promote infection. The study provides insights into the mechanism of action of OspB and its role in Shigella pathogenesis.
Article
Biology
Andrea Bullones-Bolanos, Juan Luis Araujo-Garrido, Jesus Fernandez-Garcia, Francisco Romero, Joaquin Bernal-Bayard, Francisco Ramos-Morales
Summary: This study identified a new human target SNRPD2 for the Salmonella effector SlrP. The researchers demonstrated that SlrP can covalently add ubiquitin to SNRPD2, affecting its stability and function. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the biological processes hijacked by this pathogen during infection and provides guidance for future therapeutic strategies.