Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Buse Ozer Bekmez, Yuksel Oguz, Hayriye Gozde Kanmaz Kutman, Dilek Uygur, Fuat Emre Canpolat, Serife Suna Oguz, Cuneyt Tayman
Summary: Antenatal magnesium sulfate treatment does not appear to have a significant impact on cerebral oxygenation levels in preterm infants during the early postnatal period. Future studies are needed to further explore the mechanisms of neuroprotection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Andrew Shennan, Natalie Suff, Bo Jacobsson
Summary: In women at risk of early preterm birth, the use of magnesium sulfate for fetal neuroprotection is recommended before 30 weeks of gestation, with consideration at gestational ages below 32-34 weeks. The optimal dosage and duration of magnesium sulfate should be adjusted based on individual circumstances, with monitoring of clinical signs for magnesium toxicity to ensure safety.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seh Hyun Kim, Seung Han Shin, Hyo Ju Yang, Seul Gi Park, Soo Yeon Lim, Young Hun Choi, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Summary: Isolated cerebellar hemorrhage (CBH) is associated with abnormal motor development in preterm infants, and this study found it to be related to PCO2 fluctuation within 72 hours after birth. Isolated CBH accompanied by adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes is associated with a smaller ventral diencephalon and midbrain.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Courtney P. Gilchrist, Deanne K. Thompson, Bonnie Alexander, Claire E. Kelly, Karli Treyvaud, Lillian G. Matthews, Leona Pascoe, Diana Zannino, Rosemary Yates, Chris Adamson, Mary Tolcos, Jeanie L. Y. Cheong, Terrie E. Inder, Lex W. Doyle, Angela Cumberland, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the developmental trajectories of corticolimbic regions in very preterm (VP) children with and without anxiety diagnosis at 13 years. The results showed that VP children with anxiety disorders displayed altered trajectories in whole brain and specific regions compared to VP children without anxiety. These alterations mainly reflected slower growth in early childhood and did not persist after adjusting for total brain volume and social risk.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Robert Galinsky, Simerdeep K. Dhillon, Sharmony B. Kelly, Guido Wassink, Joanne O. Davidson, Christopher A. Lear, Lotte G. van den Heuij, Laura Bennet, Alistair J. Gunn
Summary: Maternal magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) treatment before preterm birth for neuroprotection is controversial due to limited evidence of long-term neuroprotection. In this study, preterm fetal sheep received MgSO4 infusion before hypoxia-ischaemia induced by umbilical cord occlusion. Although MgSO4 showed moderate improvements in white and grey matter gliosis and myelin density, it did not improve EEG maturation, neuronal or oligodendrocyte survival.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Youwon Shin, Yoonho Nam, Taehoon Shin, Jin Wook Choi, Jang Hoon Lee, Da Eun Jung, Jiseon Lim, Hyun Gi Kim
Summary: A radiomics approach using MRI images can predict poor psychomotor development in preterm neonates, with white matter analysis playing a key role in the prediction model.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Le Zhou, Xinghui Liu, Xiaoli Yan, Yingwei Liu, Yao Xie, Chuntang Sun
Summary: This study used structural MRI to analyze the changes in gray matter volume in preterm-born and term-born children, and showed that the intelligence scores of preterm-born children without magnesium sulfate treatment were significantly lower than those of term-born children, while the scores of preterm-born children with magnesium sulfate treatment were almost identical to those of term-born children.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Claire Kelly, Gareth Ball, Lillian G. Matthews, Jeanie Ly Cheong, Lex W. Doyle, Terrie E. Inder, Deanne K. Thompson, Peter J. Anderson
Summary: Very preterm (VP) birth may impact brain development, but between the ages of 7 and 13, children and adolescents born VP may have similar trajectories of brain structural development as term-born peers.
Article
Pediatrics
Isabel Benavente-Fernandez, Estefania Ruiz-Gonzalez, Manuel Lubian-Gutierrez, Simon Pedro Lubian-Fernandez, Yunior Cabrales Fontela, Cristina Roca-Cornejo, Pedro Olmo-Duran, Simon Pedro Lubian-Lopez
Summary: The study demonstrated that manually segmented total brain volume from 3D ultrasonography is comparable to TBV estimated by MRI, and 2D estimation using linear measurements is feasible for monitoring brain growth in preterm infants. A multilevel prediction model for TBV based on linear measures from both ultrasonography and MRI was developed and tested for validity, with a reference table proposed for easy implementation in routine clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Serhat Imamoglu, Ebru Yalin Imamoglu, Serkan Erdenoz, Alev Cumbul, Unal Uslu, Samil AktaS, Fahri Ovali
Summary: The study showed that magnesium sulfate could reduce apoptosis, preserve RGCs, and decrease retinal VEGFR-2 and GFAP expressions in a preterm hypoxic-ischemic rat model.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Buse Ozer Bekmez, Hayriye Gozde Kanmaz Kutman, Yuksel Oguz, Dilek Uygur, Sarkhan Elbayiyev, Fuat Emre Canpolat, Serife Suna Oguz, Cuneyt Tayman
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of neonatal serum magnesium levels on neonatal outcomes. The results showed that magnesium sulfate treatment was associated with issues such as delayed enteral nutrition and feeding intolerance in newborns.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rhandi Christensen, Pradeep Krishnan, Gabrielle DeVeber, Nomazulu Dlamini, Daune MacGregor, Elizabeth Pulcine, Mahendranath Moharir
Summary: This study focused on preterm infants with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and found that most infants were symptomatic at presentation, with common thrombosis sites being the transverse and superior sagittal sinuses. Brain lesions were mainly located in the white matter, and half of the infants had neurological deficits at follow-up. Anticoagulation treatment for preterm CVST in this small cohort appeared to be safe, but larger studies are needed.
Review
Neurosciences
Anni Copeland, Eero Silver, Riikka Korja, Satu J. Lehtola, Harri Merisaari, Ekaterina Saukko, Susanne Sinisalo, Jani Saunavaara, Tuire Lahdesmaki, Riitta Parkkola, Saara Nolvi, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson, Jetro J. Tuulari
Summary: MRI is a safe method to examine the human brain, but motion sensitivity makes it challenging for pediatric scans. Proper preparation and techniques are crucial for successful scanning, and more detailed reporting is recommended to identify factors affecting scanning success.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sara Hellstrom, Andrea Jonsdotter, Maria Jonsson, Karin Pettersson, Sissel Saltvedt, Andreas Herbst, Johan Agren, Ulrika Aden, Magnus Domellof, Henrik Hagberg, Ylva Carlsson
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of a new clinical practice guideline for the administration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in preterm births in Sweden. The results showed that 79% of eligible women received MgSO4 treatment, with an increasing proportion over the first year of implementation. However, the target of achieving 90% treatment coverage was not reached, indicating a need for additional information for clinicians.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Julia Romberg, Marko Wilke, Christoph Allgaier, Thomas Nagele, Corinna Engel, Christian F. Poets, Axel Franz
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to determine reference ranges for MRI-based brain volumes of very preterm infants at term-equivalent age. The findings provide valuable reference data for future studies on neurodevelopment and interpretation of MRI-based volumetric findings in preterm infants.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Bethan Dean, Lorna Ginnell, Victoria Ledsham, Athanasios Tsanas, Emma Telford, Sarah Sparrow, Sue Fletcher-Watson, James P. Boardman
Summary: This study found that preterm infants had lower social attentional preference compared to term-born infants in infancy, but caught up by 5 years. Social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Neurodevelopment and social cognition have different trajectories following preterm birth.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Manuel Blesa, Paola Galdi, Simon R. Cox, Gemma Sullivan, David Q. Stoye, Gillian J. Lamb, Alan J. Quigley, Michael J. Thrippleton, Javier Escudero, Mark E. Bastin, Keith M. Smith, James P. Boardman
Summary: The study reveals that both neonatal and adult structural connectomes consist of distinct hierarchical tiers, with term-born neonates exhibiting greater hierarchical complexity than preterm infants. This difference is attributed to the diverse connectivity patterns within intermediate tiers responsible for sensorimotor processing and cognitive integration.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca K. Holloway, Graeme Ireland, Gemma Sullivan, Julie-Clare Becher, Colin Smith, James P. Boardman, Pierre Gressens, Veronique E. Miron
Summary: Injury to the developing brain during the perinatal period often leads to hypomyelination, and dysregulation of inflammation and microglia may play a role. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia is associated with pathology, and blocking it can rescue myelination. The interaction between inflammasome product IL1 beta and follistatin may provide new therapeutic strategies for reinstating myelination following developmental injury.
Review
Pediatrics
James P. Boardman, Helen Mactier, Lori A. Devlin
Summary: The impact of opioids on the developing brain, especially in infants born to women with opioid use during pregnancy, is significant. Research has mainly focused on maternal and pregnancy outcomes, with less attention given to the long-term effects on children. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal management for pregnant women with opioid use disorder and babies with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, with a focus on childhood outcomes and brain development.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Bethan Dean, Lorna Ginnell, James P. Boardman, Sue Fletcher-Watson
Summary: Research suggests that preterm birth can have an impact on social cognitive abilities, with reduced social attention in early life and performance in social cognitive tasks in the preschool years. However, a consistent preterm social phenotype was not identified, and interactive behavior of preterm infants was found to be influenced by factors outside the social cognitive domain, such as attention, language, and socioeconomic status. By combining data from various studies, the role of domain-general skills in future interventions was highlighted.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Lorna Ginnell, James P. Boardman, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Sue Fletcher-Watson
Summary: Children born preterm are more likely to develop attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subclinical attention problems, with impairments in attention networks. However, a distinctive preterm attention phenotype cannot be clearly articulated from current data. Future research should address methodological challenges in measuring attention, protocol harmonization, open data sharing, and longitudinal studies.
INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ellen Backhouse, Susan D. Shenkin, Andrew M. McIntosh, Mark E. Bastin, Heather C. Whalley, Maria Valdez Hernandez, Susana Munoz Maniega, Mathew A. Harris, Aleks Stolicyn, Archie Campbell, Douglas Steele, Gordon D. Waiter, Anca-Larisa Sandu, Jennifer M. J. Waymont, Alison D. Murray, Simon R. Cox, Susanne R. de Rooij, Tessa J. Roseboom, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study found that early life factors such as birth weight, childhood IQ, and education level are associated with small vessel disease in later life, independent of each other, vascular risk factors, and adult socio-economic status. These findings suggest that risk for small vessel disease may originate in early life and highlight the importance of investing in early child development to improve brain health and prevent dementia and stroke in older age.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eleanor L. S. Conole, Anna J. Stevenson, Susana Munoz Maniega, Sarah E. Harris, Claire Green, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Mathew A. Harris, Mark E. Bastin, Joanna M. Wardlaw Cbe, Ian J. Deary, Veronique E. Miron, Heather C. Whalley, Riccardo E. Marioni, Simon R. Cox
Summary: The study shows that DNA methylation of C-Reactive Protein is more strongly associated with brain health outcomes than serum CRP, with significant associations with total brain volume, grey matter volume, white matter volume, and regional brain atrophy. Additionally, DNAm CRP has an inverse association with global and domain-specific cognitive functioning, and brain structure partially mediates this CRP-cognitive association depending on lifestyle and health factors.
Article
Pediatrics
Evdoxia Valavani, Manuel Blesa, Paola Galdi, Gemma Sullivan, Bethan Dean, Hilary Cruickshank, Magdalena Sitko-Rudnicka, Mark E. Bastin, Richard F. M. Chin, Donald J. MacIntyre, Sue Fletcher-Watson, James P. Boardman, Athanasios Tsanas
Summary: This study aimed to predict language outcomes at 2 years corrected gestational age for preterm infants. By analyzing clinical data and MRI features, the model achieved a balanced accuracy of 91% in distinguishing typical versus delayed language development. This approach has the potential to accurately identify preterm infants at risk of language deficits in early childhood and facilitate targeted interventions to improve their language outcomes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Bethan Dean, Sinead O'Carroll, Lorna Ginnell, Victoria Ledsham, Emma Telford, Sarah Sparrow, James P. Boardman, Sue Fletcher-Watson
Summary: Preterm birth is associated with reduced social attention in infancy, but this does not impact later interactive ability in children. Language impairments in preterm infants are correlated with their time spent in conversational joint engagement, while complex social interaction abilities in children are unrelated to their early social attention profiles.
INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. A. I. Bethlehem, J. Seidlitz, S. R. White, J. W. Vogel, K. M. Anderson, C. Adamson, S. Adler, G. S. Alexopoulos, E. Anagnostou, A. Areces-Gonzalez, D. E. Astle, B. Auyeung, M. Ayub, J. Bae, G. Ball, S. Baron-Cohen, R. Beare, S. A. Bedford, V. Benegal, F. Beyer, J. Blangero, M. Blesa Cabez, J. P. Boardman, M. Borzage, J. F. Bosch-Bayard, N. Bourke, V. D. Calhoun, M. M. Chakravarty, C. Chen, C. Chertavian, G. Chetelat, Y. S. Chong, J. H. Cole, A. Corvin, M. Costantino, E. Courchesne, F. Crivello, V. L. Cropley, J. Crosbie, N. Crossley, M. Delarue, R. Delorme, S. Desrivieres, G. A. Devenyi, M. A. Di Biase, R. Dolan, K. A. Donald, G. Donohoe, K. Dunlop, A. D. Edwards, J. T. Elison, C. T. Ellis, J. A. Elman, L. Eyler, D. A. Fair, E. Feczko, P. C. Fletcher, P. Fonagy, C. E. Franz, L. Galan-Garcia, A. Gholipour, J. Giedd, J. H. Gilmore, D. C. Glahn, I. M. Goodyer, P. E. Grant, N. A. Groenewold, F. M. Gunning, R. E. Gur, R. C. Gur, C. F. Hammill, O. Hansson, T. Hedden, A. Heinz, R. N. Henson, K. Heuer, J. Hoare, B. Holla, A. J. Holmes, R. Holt, H. Huang, K. Im, J. Ipser, C. R. Jack, A. P. Jackowski, T. Jia, K. A. Johnson, P. B. Jones, D. T. Jones, R. S. Kahn, H. Karlsson, L. Karlsson, R. Kawashima, E. A. Kelley, S. Kern, K. W. Kim, M. G. Kitzbichler, W. S. Kremen, F. Lalonde, B. Landeau, S. Lee, J. Lerch, J. D. Lewis, J. Li, W. Liao, C. Liston, M. V. Lombardo, J. Lv, C. Lynch, T. T. Mallard, M. Marcelis, R. D. Markello, S. R. Mathias, B. Mazoyer, P. McGuire, M. J. Meaney, A. Mechelli, N. Medic, B. Misic, S. E. Morgan, D. Mothersill, J. Nigg, M. Q. W. Ong, C. Ortinau, R. Ossenkoppele, M. Ouyang, L. Palaniyappan, L. Paly, P. M. Pan, C. Pantelis, M. M. Park, T. Paus, Z. Pausova, D. Paz-Linares, A. Pichet Binette, K. Pierce, X. Qian, J. Qiu, A. Qiu, A. Raznahan, T. Rittman, A. Rodrigue, C. K. Rollins, R. Romero-Garcia, L. Ronan, M. D. Rosenberg, D. H. Rowitch, G. A. Salum, T. D. Satterthwaite, H. L. Schaare, R. J. Schachar, A. P. Schultz, G. Schumann, M. Scholl, D. Sharp, R. T. Shinohara, I. Skoog, C. D. Smyser, R. A. Sperling, D. J. Stein, A. Stolicyn, J. Suckling, G. Sullivan, Y. Taki, B. Thyreau, R. Toro, N. Traut, K. A. Tsvetanov, N. B. Turk-Browne, J. J. Tuulari, C. Tzourio, E. Vachon-Presseau, M. J. Valdes-Sosa, P. A. Valdes-Sosa, S. L. Valk, T. van Amelsvoort, S. N. Vandekar, L. Vasung, L. W. Victoria, S. Villeneuve, A. Villringer, P. E. Vertes, K. Wagstyl, Y. S. Wang, S. K. Warfield, V. Warrier, E. Westman, M. L. Westwater, H. C. Whalley, A. V. Witte, N. Yang, B. Yeo, H. Yun, A. Zalesky, H. J. Zar, A. Zettergren, J. H. Zhou, H. Ziauddeen, A. Zugman, X. N. Zuo, E. T. Bullmore, A. F. Alexander-Bloch
Summary: Neuroimaging has become a widely used tool in brain research, but there is currently a lack of reference standards to quantify individual differences over time. In this study, researchers created an open resource that benchmarks brain morphology using a large dataset of MRI scans. The brain charts identified neurodevelopmental milestones and showed high individual stability and robustness to technical and methodological differences.
Article
Pediatrics
T'ng Chang Kwok, Caroline Henry, Sina Saffaran, Marisse Meeus, Declan Bates, David Van Laere, Geraldine Boylan, James P. Boardman, Don Sharkey
Summary: Artificial intelligence has the potential to be a powerful tool in neonatal care, supporting clinical decision making, personalized care, precise prognostics, and enhancing patient safety. However, integrating AI into neonatal medicine requires addressing challenges such as data quality, performance assessment, and clinical impact studies, as well as improving digital literacy among healthcare professionals and promoting interdisciplinary collaborations.
SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lorna Ginnell, Sinead O'Carroll, Victoria Ledsham, Lorena Jimenez Sanchez, David Q. Stoye, Gemma Sullivan, Jill Hall, Natalie Z. M. Homer, James P. Boardman, Sue Fletcher-Watson, Rebecca M. Reynolds
Summary: This study examined the performance of preterm infants in emotion regulation and cortisol stress response, as well as the relationship between the two. The findings suggest that preterm infants have altered responses to acute stressors, manifesting as a muted emotional response, and a lack of coupling between endocrine and behavioral stress response.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hon Wah Yeung, Aleks Stolicyn, Colin R. R. Buchanan, Elliot M. M. Tucker-Drob, Mark E. E. Bastin, Saturnino Luz, Andrew M. M. McIntosh, Heather C. C. Whalley, Simon R. R. Cox, Keith Smith
Summary: By applying advanced and computationally expensive machine learning techniques to large neuroimaging datasets, researchers aim to uncover key differences in the human brain related to sex, age, cognitive function, and psychopathology. However, in this study, the complexity of the models did not improve the detection of associations between brain structural connectivity and complex phenotypes, likely due to the current sample size limitation.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emily N. W. Wheater, Paola Galdi, Daniel L. McCartney, Manuel Blesa, Gemma Sullivan, David Q. Stoye, Gillian Lamb, Sarah Sparrow, Lee Murphy, Nicola Wrobel, Alan J. Quigley, Scott Semple, Michael J. Thrippleton, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Mark E. Bastin, Riccardo E. Marioni, Simon R. Cox, James P. Boardman
Summary: Preterm birth is associated with dysconnectivity of structural brain networks, and this study explores the relationship between DNA methylation and brain development. The researchers find that low gestational age at birth is associated with differential DNA methylation that affects white matter connectivity, providing a potential link between preterm birth and abnormal brain development.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)