Article
Neurosciences
Yinghui Li, Yingying Yue, Suzhen Chen, Wenhao Jiang, Zhi Xu, Gang Chen, Zixin Zhu, Liangliang Tan, Yonggui Yuan
Summary: This study found that anhedonic major depressive disorder (MDD) patients have higher serum levels of cytokines and cortisol, and a combination of IL-6, CRP, and cortisol can serve as an early marker for distinguishing anhedonic MDD.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andre Forster, Johannes Rodrigues, Philipp Ziebell, Joseph L. Sanguinetti, John J. B. Allen, Johannes Hewig
Summary: This study investigated the role of cingulate cortex (CC) functioning in the emergence and prevention of helpless/hopeless states by applying low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (litFUS) neuromodulation. The results showed that litFUS neuromodulation of the right lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) had a significant influence on midline theta activity, which was correlated to psychological variables and behavioral measures.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Antonio Armario
Summary: The forced swim test is a commonly used method for evaluating antidepressant treatments and depression-like states in rodents, but its theoretical and predictive validity have been questioned. The test mainly assesses coping strategies in an inescapable situation, and proper interpretation of the behavior depends on its relationship with other behavioral traits.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Cunningham, Raegan Mazurka, Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards, Roumen Milev, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Sidney Kennedy, Kate L. Harkness
Summary: The study found that in men, response to rewards is more positively associated with response to acute stress, and among individuals with depression, the response to rewards is more closely related to stress reactivity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seyed Mehdi Vatandoust, Gholam Hossein Meftahi
Summary: Sericin effectively reduces behavioral and molecular changes induced by Learned Helplessness (LH) in mice, potentially through modulation of synaptic and apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus of LH-subjected mice.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena C. Peterson, Hannah R. Snyder, Chiara Neilson, Benjamin M. Rosenberg, Christina M. Hough, Christina F. Sandman, Leoneh Ohanian, Samantha Garcia, Juliana Kotz, Jamie Finegan, Caitlin A. Ryan, Abena Gyimah, Sophia Sileo, David J. Miklowitz, Naomi P. Friedman, Roselinde H. Kaiser
Summary: Both unipolar and bipolar depression are associated with impairments in executive functioning (EF). The severity of mood symptoms is related to differences in common EF. The deficits in common EF are driven by or reflect general features of mood pathology, which are shared across symptom dimensions, but are also specifically associated with physiological arousal.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Weiyuan Huang, Yue Ke, Rongqing Chen
Summary: Research has shown that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) is crucial in the development of depressive disorder, with both hypo- and hyperfunction of the ECS observed in depressive patients or animal models of depression. Study findings suggest that the dysregulation of ECS components in specific brain regions could contribute to varying responses to depression. This highlights the need for region-specific strategies for precise treatment interventions in depression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kadi T. Nguyen, Chloe A. Gates, James E. Hassell, Christine L. Foxx, Stephanie N. Salazar, Amalia K. Luthens, Andrea L. Arnold, Brooke L. Elam, Ahmed Elsayed, Mathias Leblanc, Sean C. Adams, Christopher A. Lowry, Jon D. Reuter
Summary: Each year, over 16 million people in the United States suffer from a depressive episode, with females being twice as likely to be affected as males. Exposure to high altitude may increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder, leading to an increase in endophenotypes of self-directed suicidal violence, with a sex-specific manner. Exposure to moderate-high altitude induces increased inflammation, anhedonia, and depressive-like behavioral responses in both male and female rats.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kinga Salaciak, Aleksandra Koszalka, Klaudia Lustyk, Elzbieta Zmudzka, Angelika Jagielska, Karolina Pytka
Summary: More than 80% of depressed patients experience difficulties in learning new tasks, remembering positive events, or maintaining concentration. These cognitive impairments may be connected to changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Our review of animal studies suggests that neurotransmitters, hormone levels, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotrophin deficits may all play a role in cognitive dysfunction in depression models. These findings have potential clinical significance for the development of reliable animal models and novel antidepressants with cognitive-enhancing properties.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Experimental
Klaus R. Scherer
Summary: The present theory section explores the idea of learned helplessness resulting from frequent experiences of failure or negative events, leading to lower motivation and an increased risk for depression. The authors apply this concept to various forms of psychological suffering and propose a goal-directed mechanism that involves generalizing over similar goals. They also examine the role of individual differences in goal similarity and introduce the concept of motivated helplessness as a coping mechanism in uncontrollable life situations. Furthermore, potential contributions from emotion science are discussed, particularly in relation to individual differences and biases in appraising goals and coping potential that can contribute to negative emotions. Ultimately, the importance of developing a comprehensive theoretical framework to guide empirical studies using multifactorial and longitudinal designs is emphasized. Given the rising prevalence of anxiety and depression worldwide, a better understanding of predisposing factors and triggers is crucial for early diagnosis and the development of intervention programs to alleviate psychological suffering.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tanya Tandon, Mayron Piccolo, Katharina Ledermann, Rashmi Gupta, Naser Morina, Chantal Martin-Soelch
Summary: Physical pain is a major health problem among university students worldwide, but its prevalence and impact may vary across different cultural settings.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Shivdeep Hayer, Soonjo Hwang, Jonathan Clayton
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the impact of antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis on cognition, emotion, and behavior in rodents. The results suggest a significant association between antibiotic use and symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and decreased cognition. However, the heterogeneity in study methodologies and potential publication bias limit the generalizability of these findings for clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Manish M. Aglawe, Mayur B. Kale, Sandip R. Rahangdale, Nandkishor R. Kotagale, Milind J. Umekar, Brijesh G. Taksande
Summary: Chronic maternal ethanol exposure can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in offspring, causing cognitive deficits and neurological symptoms. A study found that agmatine treatment in prenatal alcohol-exposed rat offspring improved cognitive function and other neurological complications associated with FASD.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rossen Michev, Yuting Shu, David Werbunat, Juergen Hasch, Christian Waldschmidt
Summary: This study proposes novel compensation approaches for the self-calibration of IQ modulator, power amplifier, and IQ demodulator in a full radar transceiver, without the need for dynamic channel conditions, LO frequency offset, or additional hardware. The methods utilize behavioral models based on neural networks, trained using the radar sensor itself. Three different compensation methods at the transmitter, receiver, and a distributed approach are presented, validated, and compared using a 78-GHz OFDM radar and computer simulations. The proposed distributed approach increases the radar's spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) by 17.6 dB compared to the uncompensated case and by 8.5 dB compared to high input back-off (IBO) operation. Furthermore, among the studied compensation methods, the distributed approach also offers additional significant benefits: the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all targets in the scene and reduced out-of-band (OOB) emission.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yukihiko Shirayama, Masaaki Iwata, Kanako Miyano, Yuki Hirose, Yasunori Oda, Yuko Fujita, Kenji Hashimoto
Summary: Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has shown antidepressant-like effects in a rat model of depression. It activates the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and AMPA receptors, and is associated with the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and basolateral region of amygdala.