Article
Oncology
Kuo-Shun Hsu, Mohammad Adileh, Maria Laura Martin, Vladimir Makarov, Jiapeng Chen, Chao Wu, Sahra Bodo, Stefan Klingler, Charles-Etienne Gabriel Sauve, Bryan C. Szeglin, J. Joshua Smith, Zvi Fuks, Nadeem Riaz, Timothy A. Chan, Makoto Nishimura, Philip B. Paty, Richard Kolesnick
Summary: Analysis of inherent tissue radiosensitivity of patient-derived organoids may provide a predictive readout for the response to radiation in neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer, potentially enabling stratification of patients likely to benefit from this approach.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tom G. Tanbo, Peter Z. Fedorcsak
Summary: Despite the increase in mean menopausal age over the last century, there is significant individual variation in natural menopause age. Women are now able to choose when to have children due to efficient contraception methods, leading to a significant increase in age at first birth. Fertility declines long before menopause, making it important but difficult to predict when a woman will enter menopause.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Kevin Jurgensmeier, Sara E. Till, Yining Lu, Alexandra M. Arguello, Michael J. Stuart, Daniel B. F. Saris, Christopher L. Camp, Aaron J. Krych
Summary: This study developed a machine learning model to identify risk factors and quantify overall risk of secondary meniscus injury after primary ACL reconstruction. The machine learning models outperformed traditional prediction models and identified multiple risk factors. These models can help guide patient expectations and potentially improve clinical outcomes.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hannes Rosenbusch, Thomas Visser
Summary: This article examines the practical value of humor appreciation research and finds that machine learning methods can accurately predict humor appreciation. However, individual demographic and psychological variables have negligible impact on prediction accuracy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Konstantin I. Morozov, Werner Koehler
Summary: The thermophoretic motion of nonionic colloids in an inhomogeneous temperature field is caused by the solvent-colloid dispersion interactions. The mobilities are determined by the bulk properties of substances and the Hamaker constant of the solvent-solute interactions. The study also found that the thermophoretic velocities tend to a universal value in the limiting case of strongly asymmetrical mixtures.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Corentin Cadiou, Andrew Pontzen, Hiranya Peiris
Summary: This study investigates the angular momentum evolution of dark matter haloes and finds that modifying initial conditions can lead to more accurate predictions of angular momentum changes. The research shows that angular momentum of Lagrangian patches is highly predictable from initial conditions, with chaotic behavior being driven by stochastic changes in the arbitrary boundary defining the halo.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Heiner Veith, Maximilian Zaeh, Christian Luebbert, Nair Rodriguez-Hornedo, Gabriele Sadowski
Summary: This study used simulation methods to predict the deliquescence of different pharmaceutical co-crystals at various relative humidities, and identified critical storage conditions to avoid instability. The experiments demonstrated the importance of phase purity in co-crystal stability, while predicting the use of additional excipients to further decrease the deliquescence relative humidity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kate Sutherland, Julia L. Chapman, Elizabeth A. Cayanan, Aimee B. Lowth, Camilla M. Hoyos, Keith K. H. Wong, Brendon J. Yee, Ronald R. Grunstein, Peter A. Cistulli, Nathaniel S. Marshall
Summary: The study aimed to examine whether facial measurements could explain changes in OSA beyond weight loss and whether facial morphology related to the effectiveness of weight loss in improving OSA. The results showed that weight loss was moderately predictive of OSA improvement, and an increased maxilla-mandible relationship angle was weakly predictive of OSA response to weight loss, explaining a small percentage of the variance in AHI. The relationship between weight change and AHI was not affected by facial morphology.
Article
Neurosciences
Guiyuan Cai, Manfeng Wu, Qian Ding, Tuo Lin, Wanqi Li, Yinghua Jing, Hongying Chen, Huiting Cai, Tifei Yuan, Guangqing Xu, Yue Lan
Summary: The study found that the alpha2 power in the sensorimotor region is inversely correlated with corticospinal excitability. Additionally, the global efficiency of the brain network is correlated with corticospinal excitability, showing a positive correlation with global efficiency in the theta band and a negative correlation with global efficiency in the alpha2 band.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Halime Nayir Buyuksahin, Deniz Dogru, Onur Gozmen, Alev Ozon, Oytun Portakal, Nagehan Emiralioglu, Mithat Haliloglu, Kubra Kilic, Naciye Vardar Yagli, Damla Yildirim, Osman Dag, Ismail Guzelkas, Ebru Yalcin, Ugur Ozcelik, Nural Kiper
Summary: In this study, bone turnover biomarkers were found to be unrelated to low BMD in children with CF. However, FFM and HGS were identified as the best predictors of BMD in these patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Panagiotis Drakos, Panagiotis Volteas, Kevin Seeras, Shabana Humayon, Benjamin Flink, Jie Yang, Chencan Zhu, Konstantinos Spaniolas, Mark Talamini, Aurora Pryor
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured targeted support program on 1-year outcomes for patients with lower-than-average early post-operative weight loss. However, it was found that providing behavioral support program did not significantly improve weight loss for patients with suboptimal early weight loss after bariatric surgery.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah B. Horn, Jaime P. Almandoz, Michelle Look
Summary: Obesity is a chronic disease that affects quality of life and increases mortality risk. Weight loss is an important strategy for improving health outcomes and preventing complications. Customized weight loss goals based on individual profiles and focusing on health improvements rather than weight loss alone are recommended.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hiroyuki Sagayama, Yosuke Yamada, Emi Kondo, Yoko Tanabe, Akiko Uchizawa, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Edna Nyangau, William J. Evans, Marc Hellerstein, Jun Yasukata, Yasuki Higaki, Takahiro Ohnishi, Hideyuki Takahashi
Summary: The study found that there may be differences between SMM assessed using the creatine dilution method and SMM estimated by whole-body MRI in healthy young men undergoing exercise training. A value of 5.0-5.1g/SMM kg was suggested to better estimate the total muscle mass in this population. Traditional FFM estimation was highly correlated with SMMMRI in well-trained young males, indicating that total body protein or SMM could be estimated through the FFM value.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John M. Jakicic, Ronald E. Jackson
Summary: Weight loss is important for patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes, as it can reduce disease risk and improve diabetes control. Lifestyle interventions for weight loss are effective for prevention of type 2 diabetes, but limited in achieving diabetes remission, potentially necessitating other medical approaches.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maggie A. Stanislawski, Daniel N. Frank, Sarah J. Borengasser, Danielle M. Ostendorf, Diana Ir, Purevsuren Jambal, Kristen Bing, Liza Wayland, Janet C. Siebert, Daniel H. Bessesen, Paul S. MacLean, Edward L. Melanson, Victoria A. Catenacci
Summary: The ongoing weight loss trial comparing daily caloric restriction to intermittent fasting in overweight or obese adults found significant improvements in clinical health measures and altered composition and diversity of fecal microbiota in the first three months. Significant associations were observed between gut microbiota features and clinical measures such as weight and waist circumference. Differences in the relative abundance of Akkermansia were also seen between the intervention groups.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carl J. Lavie, Deepak L. Bhatt, Ian J. Neeland, Steven B. Heymsfield
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Steven B. Heymsfield, David S. Ludwig, Julia M. W. Wong, Cassidy McCarthy, Moonseong Heo, John Shepherd, Cara B. Ebbeling
Summary: Two studies with participants who were overweight and obese showed that the chemical proportions of FFM may change after short-term weight loss, particularly in terms of bone mineral and protein composition. This observation highlights the need for caution when using widely used body composition models and methods, especially in clinical trials where FFM is used as a safety signal or for metabolic evaluations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Connie W. Tsao, Aaron W. Aday, Zaid I. Almarzooq, Cheryl A. M. Anderson, Pankaj Arora, Christy L. Avery, Carissa M. Baker-Smith, Andrea Z. Beaton, Amelia K. Boehme, Alfred E. Buxton, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Kelly R. Evenson, Chete Eze-Nliam, Setri Fugar, Giuliano Generoso, Debra G. Heard, Swapnil Hiremath, Jennifer E. Ho, Rizwan Kalani, Dhruv S. Kazi, Darae Ko, Deborah A. Levine, Junxiu Liu, Jun Ma, Jared W. Magnani, Erin D. Michos, Michael E. Mussolino, Sankar D. Navaneethan, Nisha I. Parikh, Remy Poudel, Mary Rezk-Hanna, Gregory A. Roth, Nilay S. Shah, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Evan L. Thacker, Salim S. Virani, Jenifer H. Voeks, Nae-Yuh Wang, Nathan D. Wong, Sally S. Wong, Kristine Yaffe, Seth S. Martin
Summary: The American Heart Association, in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, releases annual statistics on heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors. The Statistical Update provides the latest data on various heart and circulatory diseases and their outcomes, as well as information on core health behaviors and factors contributing to cardiovascular health.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Michelle L. Gumz, Daichi Shimbo, Marwah Abdalla, Ravi C. Balijepalli, Christian Benedict, Yabing Chen, David J. Earnest, Karen L. Gamble, Scott R. Garrison, Ming C. Gong, John B. Hogenesch, Yuling Hong, Jessica R. Ivy, Bina Joe, Aaron D. Laposky, Mingyu Liang, Eric J. MacLaughlin, Tami A. Martino, David M. Pollock, Susan Redline, Amy Rogers, R. Dan Rudic, Eva S. Schernhammer, George S. Stergiou, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Xiaoling Wang, Jacqueline Wright, Young S. Oh
Summary: Healthy individuals experience variation in blood pressure over a 24-hour period, with higher levels during wakefulness and lower levels during sleep. Disruption of the blood pressure circadian rhythm has been associated with negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, dementia, and chronic kidney disease. Current approaches to diagnosis and treatment do not adequately consider the circadian rhythmicity of blood pressure. This review summarizes findings from a workshop held by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to identify knowledge gaps and research opportunities related to the study of blood pressure circadian rhythm and chronotherapy for hypertension.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giada Benasi, Amber Malik, Bin Cheng, Brooke Aggarwal, Ari Shechter, Marie-Pierre St-Onge
Summary: This pilot study investigated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 7-week remote intervention that combined well-being therapy and sleep hygiene to improve sleep and psychological outcomes in adults with poor sleep and distress. The results showed that the addition of well-being therapy to sleep hygiene led to greater improvements in sleep quality and psychological outcomes compared to sleep hygiene-only.
BEHAVIORAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebecca J. J. Deyell, Sunil Desai, Andrea Gallivan, Alecia Lim, Michael B. B. Sawyer, Steven B. B. Heymsfield, Wei Shen, Vickie E. E. Baracos
Summary: This study established models to predict the whole-body skeletal muscle and fat composition in pediatric oncology patients using cross-sectional abdominal images, and analyzed a previously recruited cohort of healthy children using whole-body MRI, showing high correlation. The results indicate that cross-sectional area data can be used to predict the whole-body skeletal muscle and fat composition in pediatric patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicholas Ashby, G. Jake LaPorte, Daniel Richardson, Michael Scioletti, Steven B. Heymsfield, John A. Shepherd, Michael McGurk, Brenda Bustillos, Nicholas Gist, Diana M. Thomas
Summary: Mathematical models have been developed to translate anthropometric measurements between three popular commercially available scanners, allowing for standardized data pooling and comparison.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brittanny M. Polanka, Lisa R. Yanek, Allison G. Hays, Kavita Sharma, Sanjiv J. Shah, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Pamela Ouyang, Lena Mathews
Summary: There are associations between multidimensional sleep health and adiposity measures in patients with HFpEF. Poor sleep quality is related to higher BMI and decreased subcutaneous and intermuscular thigh fat. Night movement and sleep fragmentation are linked to increased intermuscular thigh fat and decreased liver fat. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) risk is associated with increased visceral-to-subcutaneous ratio of abdominal adiposity and decreased thigh fat.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Prachi Singh, Robbie A. Beyl, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Robert C. Noland, Allison J. Richard, Anik Boudreau, R. Caitlin Hebert, Eric Ravussin, Josiane L. Broussard, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Kara L. Marlatt
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep restriction on insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism in postmenopausal women. The results showed that four nights of sleep restriction reduced insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation in postmenopausal women, highlighting the significant role of insufficient sleep in metabolic dysfunction following menopause.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maristella Lucchini, Yael Rayport, Linda Valeri, Sanja Jelic, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Louise M. M. O'Brien, Carmela Alcantara
Summary: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in pregnant individuals of different racial/ethnic groups and to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the association between race/ethnicity and SDB. The results showed variations in SDB prevalence and severity among different racial/ethnic groups, and overweight/obesity was found to be associated with higher SDB severity.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Faris M. Zuraikat, Sanja Jelic, Marie-Pierre St-Onge
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Anna Cherta-Murillo, Christian Darimont, Konstantinos Mantantzis, Francois Pierre Martin, Lauren Owen
Summary: Obesity and type 2 diabetes have become increasingly common worldwide, and there is evidence linking short sleep duration to higher rates of these disorders. This review examines the role of sleep in the development of obesity and chronic metabolic disorders, and the potential impact of diet on sleep. The study proposes potential mechanisms and suggests that dietary manipulations, particularly with regard to carbohydrate quality, may improve sleep quality.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Steven B. Heymsfield, Carla M. Prado, Maria Cristina Gonzalez
Summary: Over the past decade, clinical guidelines have been established by expert consensus for sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, malnutrition, and cachexia. These guidelines highlight the importance of early identification and discuss the gateway nodes used to identify and treat patients. It has been found that functional measures show stronger associations with outcomes.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grant M. Tinsley, Christian LaValle, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Steven B. Heymsfield
Summary: Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) estimation is important but challenging in clinical settings. Criteria methods like MRI are often not accessible. Surrogate methods like DXA and MFBIA can use MRI-based equations to estimate SMM, but the agreement between these methods is unclear.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joaquim H. Cintra-Andrade, Wagner L. Ripka, Steven B. Heymsfield
Summary: This study critically examines the original and illustrated structural configuration of the three main types of skinfold calipers, and proposes a new downward static calibration test and the first eligibility flowchart for a skinfold caliper.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)