Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Justin J. Mowchun, Julia R. Frew, Glenda Hostetter Shoop
Summary: Students believe that combining neurology and psychiatry clerkships is not conducive to in-depth learning of each discipline, they did not see faculty adopting an integrated clinical approach, but they believe that making connections between neurology and psychiatry is beneficial for effective patient care.
Article
Ecology
Timothy Fraser, Olivia Feeley, Andres Ridge, Ava Cervini, Vincent Rago, Kelly Gilmore, Gianna Worthington, Ilana Berliavsky
Summary: This study examines the inequality of social infrastructure in Boston, finding significant racial and income disparities in access. These disparities have implications for the health and resilience of neighborhoods.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2024)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Lori Brand Bateman, Yu-Mei M. Schoenberger, Barbara Hansen, Tiffany N. Osborne, Grace C. Okoro, Kimberly M. Speights, Mona N. Fouad
Summary: The study examined perceptions of COVID-19 prevention, coping, and testing among African American residents in under-resourced communities in Alabama. Barriers and facilitators were identified in each of the focus areas, including prevention (e.g. lack of information, mixed messages), coping (e.g. food insecurity, mental health issues), and testing (e.g. fear, mistrust). Addressing these factors could potentially improve health outcomes and diminish disparities related to COVID-19.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pierre Paul Audate, Genevieve Cloutier, Alexandre Lebel
Summary: By studying UA practitioners in Montreal and Quito, it was found that in Montreal, Eco-engaged and Socio-engaged types were predominant, while Econoexpert and Versatile-caretaker types characterized practitioners in Quito. Motivations for participating in UA in both cities are mainly related to self-provision of healthy food, health and wellbeing, empowerment, social capital, and economic rewards.
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ignacio Andres-Domenech, Jose Anta, Sara Perales-Momparler, Jorge Rodriguez-Hernandez
Summary: Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) in Spain are currently undergoing a transition towards more sustainable and regenerative management, facing challenges in governance, regulations, and technical performance. Despite obstacles, Spain is close to reaching the stabilization stage in SUDS implementation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jemima C. John, Jennifer Gonzalez, Sara-Grace Chan, Heidi McPherson, Jennifer N. Aiyer, Esperanza Galvan, Nicole Browning, Shreela V. Sharma
Summary: Due to economic and social hardships, food insecurity has worsened, particularly among low income and racial-ethnic minority groups. The Houston Health Equity Collective (HEC) aims to reduce food insecurity by 5% in 2025, so we explored member organizations' capacity and challenges in screening and responding to food insecurity. The main recommendations include improving staff culture, enhancing cultural sensitivity, using shared technology for care coordination, and addressing upstream factors.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tamara Dubowitz, Ann Haas, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar, Rebecca L. Collins, Robin Beckman, Stephanie Brooks Holliday, Andrea S. Richardson, Lauren Hale, Daniel J. Buysse, Matthew P. Buman, Wendy M. Troxel
Summary: The study found that although there were no significant differences in sleep quality among residents in two neighborhoods, living closer to neighborhood investments was associated with better sleep outcomes. This finding is relevant for public health and policy efforts aimed at investing in historically disinvested neighborhoods.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Baldeep K. Dhaliwal, Riti Chandrashekhar, Ananya Rattani, Rajeev Seth, Svea Closser, Anika Jain, David E. Bloom, Anita Shet
Summary: This study examined the stakeholders in India who influence caregivers' perceptions of vaccination in Mewat District. Results indicated that caregivers associated vaccination not only with reducing specific diseases, but also with broader health gains, and community health workers played a critical role in shaping caregivers' views on vaccination.
Article
Urban Studies
Qiang Fu
Summary: This study investigates the nature of mega neighborhoods in urban China and examines the impact of neighborhood population size on mental depression. It synthesizes four relational models and finds that social network, collective efficacy, and neighborhood politics mediate the effect of neighborhood population size on depression.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alexandra Mendoza-Graf, Sarah MacCarthy, Rebecca Collins, La'Vette Wagner, Tamara Dubowitz
Summary: Gentrification can have both positive and negative impacts on the health and wellbeing of existing residents, bringing improvements to neighborhoods but also disruptive changes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisha Joshi, Santosh Bhatta, Toity Deave, Julie Mytton, Dhruba Adhikari, Sunil Raja Manandhar, Sunil Kumar Joshi
Summary: This study explored perceptions of home and workplace injuries in different areas of Makwanpur, Nepal, identifying barriers and facilitators to injury prevention. Lack of knowledge about injury risks and preventive measures was found to be a common barrier to injury prevention, which could be addressed through educational programmes.
Article
Urban Studies
Amir Reza Khavarian-Garmsir, Ayyoob Sharifi, Ali Sadeghi
Summary: The purpose of this study is to examine the principles, contributions, and challenges of the 15-minute city concept. It is based on seven principles of human-scale urban design, including density, diversity, flexibility, proximity, digitalization, and connectivity. These principles can promote social, economic, and environmental sustainability, but the concept has been criticized for its physical determinism and the neglect of diverse social groups, biodiversity, energy efficiency, clean energies, culture, and heritage.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shazna Buksh, Phillipa Hay, John de Wit
Summary: The home food environment plays a crucial role in influencing dietary practices, and nutrient transitions in Pacific Island countries contribute to high rates of overweight and obesity. Mothers in this region have complex perceptions of healthy eating, which have both positive and negative impacts on family food choices.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah T. H. Low, P. Govind Sakhardande, Yi Feng Lai, Andrew D. S. Long, Satveer Kaur-Gill
Summary: This paper discusses the challenges faced by the elderly in adapting to the digital revolution under the Smart Nation initiative, while ensuring dignified aging. The study reveals how the elderly socially construct and negotiate health technologies in their everyday lives, challenging dominant understandings and reconstructing technological insertions. Key themes in technology negotiation as barriers to everyday lived experiences are revealed through narratives.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Darcy A. Freedman, Jill K. Clark, David W. Lounsbury, Lena Boswell, Marilyn Burns, Michelle B. Jackson, Kristen Mikelbank, Gwendolyn Donley, La Queta Worley-Bell, Jodi Mitchell, Timothy H. Ciesielski, Milen Embaye, Eun Kyung Lee, Abigail Roche, India Gill, Owusua Yamoah
Summary: This study conducted participatory research using a mixed-methods approach to examine the complexity and inequity of food systems in historically redlined neighborhoods in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. The findings identified 10 feedback mechanisms that structure nutrition equity in racialized neighborhoods, organized into three domains: meeting basic food needs with dignity, local food supply and demand dynamics, and community empowerment and food sovereignty. Exogenous factors such as neighborhood crisis and household costs moderate these feedback dynamics.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Fernandez-Escobar, Julia Diez, Alba Martinez-Garcia, Usama Bilal, Martin O'Flaherty, Manuel Franco
Summary: In Madrid, supermarkets have higher food availability and affordability compared to convenience stores and specialized stores. Supermarkets offer lower prices and a wider range of both healthy and less healthy food options. Area-level socioeconomic status does not affect food availability or prices, but affordability is higher in higher-income areas.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Farzana Kapadia, Luisa N. Borrell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Farzana Kapadia, Luisa N. Borrell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Catalina Londono-Canola, Gemma Serral, Julia Diez, Alba Martinez-Garcia, Manuel Franco, Lucia Artazcoz, Carlos Ariza
Summary: This study assessed the availability and proximity of unhealthy food stores around schools in Barcelona and its association with neighborhood socioeconomic status. The results showed that 95% of food establishments were classified as unhealthy and 90% of schools had at least two unhealthy retailers nearby. This highlights the significant social inequalities in the supply of healthy food in Barcelona, suggesting the need for policy interventions that address socioeconomic differences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thinh T. Vu, Joseph P. Dario, Pedro Mateu-Gelabert, Deborah Levine, Malcolm A. Punter, Luisa N. Borrell, Victoria K. Ngo
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of alcohol misuse and binge drinking among residents of Harlem, New York City, and examined their associations with psycho-social factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that alcohol misuse and binge drinking rates were high during COVID-19, with a significant association with depression severity and substance use history. Improving access to mental health and substance use disorder services, as well as enhancing community policing relations, could help mitigate alcohol misuse.
JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Linda Kachuri, Angel C. Y. Mak, Donglei Hu, Celeste Eng, Scott Huntsman, Jennifer R. Elhawary, Namrata Gupta, Stacey Gabriel, Shujie Xiao, Kevin L. Keys, Akinyemi Oni-Orisan, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Michael A. LeNoir, Luisa N. Borrell, Noah A. Zaitlen, L. Keoki Williams, Christopher R. Gignoux, Esteban Gonzalez Burchard, Elad Ziv
Summary: This study analyzed whole-genome and RNA sequencing data from 2,733 African American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican American individuals, revealing ancestry-specific patterns in the genetic architecture of whole-blood gene expression. The heritability of gene expression significantly increased with higher proportions of African genetic ancestry and decreased with higher proportions of Indigenous American ancestry. Transcriptome-wide association analyses identified more gene-trait associations using transcriptome prediction models trained in the admixed population compared to models trained using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring gene expression across large and ancestrally diverse populations for enabling new discoveries and reducing disparities.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saba A. Qasmieh, McKaylee M. Robertson, Chloe A. Teasdale, Sarah G. Kulkarni, Heidi E. Jones, Margaret McNairy, Luisa N. Borrell, Denis Nash
Summary: Due to changes in testing practices, passive case-based surveillance may not be reliable for monitoring the burden of SARS-CoV-2. A cross-sectional survey of 3042 U.S. adults during the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 surge found that an estimated 17.3% had SARS-CoV-2 infection, higher than the CDC's reported cases. Age, race, income, education, and comorbidities were associated with the infection rate.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Fontan-Vela, P. Gullon, U. Bilal, M. Franco
Summary: This study examined the relationship between social and ideological factors and COVID-19 vaccine accessibility and hesitancy in the Spanish adult population. The findings suggest that education level, political ideology, and perceived importance of economic impact of the pandemic are associated with vaccine hesitancy.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luis Cereijo, Pedro Gullon, Isabel del Cura, David Valades, Usama Bilal, Manuel Franco, Hannah Badland
Summary: The study found that living in areas with lower availability of exercise facilities is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and its complications. The association is modified by socioeconomic status and sex, with the strongest effect observed in low-income areas. Increasing exercise opportunities, especially in disadvantaged areas, could help reduce the social disparity in diabetes and its complications.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christina I. Nieves, Luisa N. Borrell, Clare R. Evans, Heidi E. Jones, Mary Huynh
Summary: Exploring the intersection of social identity dimensions is crucial for understanding health inequities. This study used multilevel analysis and individual heterogeneity to examine the impact of age, race/ethnicity, education, and nativity status on infant birthweight in New York City. The results showed intersectional effects of various systems of oppression and identified U.S.-born Black women as having infants with lower-than-expected birthweights. The MAIHDA approach can help identify intersectional causes of health inequities and guide policies and interventions for addressing them.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Isabel Romero, Julia Diez, Isabel Del Cura, Manuel Franco, Pedro Gullon
Summary: A study found that diet quality among adults in Madrid is correlated with educational level. The research suggests that while some participants improved their diet quality, there is greater instability in the diet quality of individuals with lower educational levels. This has important implications for addressing socioeconomic disparities in diet quality.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Clare R. Evans, Christina I. Nieves, Natasha Erickson, Luisa N. Borrell
Summary: Birthweight is a commonly used biomarker for infant health, but inequities exist in the United States based on factors such as maternal age, race/ethnicity, nativity/immigration status, and socioeconomic status. Previous studies on birthweight inequities have mainly focused on singleton births and neglected twin births. This study fills this gap by analyzing a large sample of birth records from the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and finding evidence of intersectional inequities in birthweight outcomes for both twin and singleton births. The study emphasizes the need for aggressive social policies to address health inequities and dismantle intersectional systems of marginalization, oppression, and socioeconomic inequality.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Loyola Gonzalez-Salgado, Jesus Rivera-Navarro, Roberto Valiente, Xisca Sureda, Manuel Franco
Summary: The study examines the views of individuals aged 40 and older on alcohol consumption in unlicensed public places in Madrid's socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods. Through interviews and focus groups, it suggests that alcohol consumption in these places is problematic due to non-compliance with current restrictions on alcohol sales and subsequent negative outcomes. The study recommends reinforcing existing alcohol policies to reduce alcohol consumption in unlicensed public places and its negative consequences.
COGENT SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jesus Rivera-Navarro, Ignacio de Loyola Gonzalez-Salgado, Guadalupe Ramos-Truchero, Leyre Gravina, Julia Diez, Silvia Caballero, Manuel Franco
Summary: This study aims to explore the main factors influencing dietary inequalities in adolescents in Madrid and Bilbao, Spain. The study includes six neighborhoods (three in each city) of different socioeconomic status (SES) and uses qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Initial findings suggest that factors such as gender, family environment, and SES have an impact on adolescents' diet. The systematic selection of neighborhoods and secondary schools, along with appropriate methodologies, could benefit future research on health inequalities among adolescents.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Julia Diez, Guillermo Taulet, Mario Fontan-Vela, Yolanda Gonzalez-Rabago, Luis Cereijo, Maria Sandin-Vazquez, Elena Rodriguez, Manuel Franco, Carme Borrell, Usama Bilal, Pedro Gullon
Summary: This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal trends in cardiovascular risk factors by socioeconomic position in Spain from 2001 to 2020, explore public health professionals' perspectives on interventions that may have impacted these inequities, and analyze determinants of social inequities in cardiovascular risk factors.