Journal
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 1309-1318Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/hv.28166
Keywords
vaccination; oral; antigen delivery vehicles; microparticles; yeast-derived beta-glucan; GALT; Peyer's patches
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Funding
- Concerted Research Action of the University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium [BOF10/GOA/21, 01GC2110W]
- Special Research Fund of Ghent University [01D41012]
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Oral vaccination is the most challenging vaccination method due to the administration route. However, oral vaccination has socio-economic benefits and provides the possibility of stimulating both humoral and cellular immune responses at systemic and mucosal sites. Despite the advantages of oral vaccination, only a limited number of oral vaccines are currently approved for human use. During the last decade, extensive research regarding antigen-based oral vaccination methods have improved immunogenicity and induced desired immunological outcomes. Nevertheless, several factors such as the harsh gastro-intestinal environment and oral tolerance impede the clinical application of oral delivery systems. To date, human clinical trials investigating the efficacy of these systems are still lacking. This review addresses the rationale and key biological and physicochemical aspects of oral vaccine design and highlights the use of yeast-derived beta-glucan microparticles as an oral vaccine delivery platform.
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