Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for B-Cell Lymphoma: An Update

Background: B-cell lymphoma comprises the majority of non-Hodgkin lymphomas worldwide. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is used for patients with high-risk, relapsed, or refractory B-cell lymphoma. Methods: The current medical literature and the results of recently published trials were reviewed to provide an update on the most common indications for HCT in B-cell lymphoma. Results: Autologous HCT has evolving and new roles in the treatment of patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and HIV-related lymphoma. Reduced-intensity conditioning has largely replaced older myeloablative conditioning regimens, making allogeneic transplantation safer for more patients with lymphoma. Conclusions: The indication and timing of HCT depend on the patient's histology, age, and response to previous therapies. HCT is an essential component in the armamentarium to treat B-cell lymphoma.