Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Deepika Razia, Sumeet K. Mittal, Sarah Fournier, Rajat Walia, Michael A. Smith, Ross M. Bremner, Jasmine L. Huang
Summary: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease after lung transplantation may contribute to chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Antireflux surgery can improve long-term allograft function and show a survival benefit. This study compares outcomes between medical and surgical management of reflux in lung recipients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ioannis Savvas, Kiriaki Pavlidou, Tilemachos Anagnostou, Eugenia Flouraki, George Kazakos, Dimitrios Raptopoulos
Summary: This systematic review investigates the effect of preoperative fasting duration and drugs on gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in dogs and cats during anaesthesia. The study found that many factors seem to affect the development of GOR, but due to the limited number of studies and low level of evidence, no reliable conclusions can be drawn.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anna Carolina Fernandez Alasia, Olivier Levionnois, Mathieu Raillard
Summary: Regurgitation and gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) are common complications in dogs under anaesthesia. Studies on these complications showed inconsistencies in definitions and assessment methods, making meaningful comparisons difficult. Standardization and re-evaluation of methods may be necessary to address these discrepancies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kentaro Sugano, Stuart Jon Spechler, Emad M. El-Omar, Kenneth E. L. McColl, Kaiyo Takubo, Takuji Gotoda, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Katsunori Iijima, Haruhiro Inoue, Takashi Kawai, Yoshikazu Kinoshita, Hiroto Miwa, Ken-ichi Mukaisho, Kazunari Murakami, Yasuyuki Seto, Hisao Tajiri, Shobna Bhatia, Myung-Gyu Choi, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Kwong Ming Fock, Khean-Lee Goh, Khek Yu Ho, Varocha Mahachai, Maria O'Donovan, Robert Odze, Richard Peek, Massimo Rugge, Prateek Sharma, Jose D. Sollano, Michael Vieth, Justin Wu, Ming-Shiang Wu, Duowu Zou, Michio Kaminishi, Peter Malfertheiner
Summary: This study aims to achieve international consensus on the new definitions of Barrett's esophagus, gastro-esophageal junction, and gastro-esophageal junctional zone, which will provide support for future research addressing many issues concerning this important anatomical area and hopefully lead to improved classification and management of diseases related to the gastro-esophageal junction.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paraskevi Tsompanidou, Joris H. Robben, Ioannis Savvas, Tilemahos Anagnostou, Nikitas N. Prassinos, George M. Kazakos
Summary: This study compares the effects of three different pre-anaesthetic fasting regimens on the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in dogs under anaesthesia. The results suggest that feeding the dogs 3 hours before anaesthesia does not reduce the GOR incidence compared to feeding them 12 hours before anaesthesia. However, the 3-hour fasting resulted in a lower oesophageal pH.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Plocek, Beata Gebora-Kowalska, Wojciech Fendler, Ewa Toporowska-Kowalska
Summary: Diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children with chronic neurological impairment remains a clinical challenge. This study validated reference values for assessing GOR in these children and determined the optimal cut-off level of the pH-impedance parameter for predicting endoscopic outcomes. Endoscopic findings showed that even with a low number of GOR episodes recorded by pH-impedance, children with chronic NI may still have endoscopic lesions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Bronwyn K. Brew, Catarina Almqvist, Cecilia Lundholm, Anna Andreasson, Kelli Lehto, Nicholas J. Talley, Tong Gong
Summary: GERD is a common comorbidity in adults with asthma, hay fever, and/or eczema. There is evidence for shared mechanisms suggesting common underlying causes that may involve affective traits requiring further investigation.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jai Hoon Yoon, Sang Hyuk Kim, Jiin Ryu, Sung Jun Chung, Youlim Kim, Chang Ki Yoon, Seung Won Ra, Yeon Mok Oh, Hayoung Choi, Hyun Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the association between GORD and bronchiectasis, finding that GORD is associated with increased healthcare use and medical costs in patients with bronchiectasis. Strategies to reduce the disease burden associated with GORD are needed.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin D. Rogers, Luis R. Valdovinos, Michael D. Crowell, Reginald Bell, Marcelo F. Vela, C. Prakash Gyawali
Summary: The reduction of reflux episodes to physiological levels on pH-impedance monitoring is associated with improved outcomes in patients with regurgitation-predominant GERD. Treatment with magnetic sphincter augmentation significantly improved symptom and satisfaction scores, while also reducing acid exposure time and reflux episodes. Improvement in regurgitation score remained independently predictive of satisfaction with therapy, and a reduction to <40 reflux episodes was significantly associated with symptom response.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonardo H. Eusebi, Andrea Telese, Giovanna G. Cirota, Rehan Haidry, Rocco M. Zagari, Franco Bazzoli, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: Gastro-oesophageal reflux is the main risk factor for Barrett's oesophagus, with alcohol consumption and hiatal hernia showing the strongest association with its development. Other potential risk factors such as smoking and obesity did not show significant correlation.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Surgery
Rachel Xue Ning Lee, Nayer Rizkallah, Sonja Chiappetta, Christine Stier, Sjaak Pouwels, Nasser Sakran, Rishi Singhal, Kamal Mahawar, Brijesh Madhok
Summary: Revisional surgery after OAGB for GORD is rare, and the conversion to Roux-en-Y configuration is the most common choice when required.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mohamed Baklola, Mohamed Terra, Amr Badr, Fayrouz Mohamed Fahmy, Enas Elshabrawy, Yousef Hawas, Doaa Abdel-Hady, Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and relationship with perceived stress of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) among medical students in Egypt. The questionnaire survey showed that 17.1% of medical students reported symptoms of GERD, and smoking, high perceived stress, and a family history of GERD were independent predictors of GERD symptoms.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yelena Y. Janjigian, Kohei Shitara, Markus Moehler, Marcelo Garrido, Pamela Salman, Lin Shen, Lucjan Wyrwicz, Kensei Yamaguchi, Tomasz Skoczylas, Arinilda Campos Bragagnoli, Tianshu Liu, Michael Schenker, Patricio Yanez, Mustapha Tehfe, Ruben Kowalyszyn, Michalis V. Karamouzis, Ricardo Bruges, Thomas Zander, Roberto Pazo-Cid, Erika Hitre, Kynan Feeney, James M. Cleary, Valerie Poulart, Dana Cullen, Ming Lei, Hong Xiao, Kaoru Kondo, Mingshun Li, Jaffer A. Ajani
Summary: Nivolumab plus chemotherapy showed superior overall survival and progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone in previously untreated patients with advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, or oesophageal adenocarcinoma, indicating it as a new standard first-line treatment option with acceptable safety profile.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yuanlin Sun, Xueyuan Cao, Donghui Cao, Yingnan Cui, Kaisheng Su, Zhifang Jia, Yanhua Wu, Jing Jiang
Summary: This study systematically elucidated the modifiable factors causally associated with the risk of GORD from multifaceted perspectives, which provided implications for prevention and treatment of GORD.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Yuanyuan Li, Zhibin Wang, Ming Fang, Franklin R. Tay, Xin Chen
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and quantitative analysis on the association between gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dental erosion in children. The results revealed a strong association between GERD and dental erosion in children, highlighting the importance of timely detection and management of the underlying factors of dental erosion in GERD. Future studies should define paediatric GERD according to a universal guideline to enhance patient care.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Clare Robertson, Jan E. Clarkson, Magaly Aceves-Martins, Craig R. Ramsay, Derek Richards, Thibault Colloc, CoDER Working Grp
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess how dental aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) were defined in international dental guidelines, what mitigation processes were advised, and whether they were linked to COVID-19 epidemiology.
INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katie Banister, Jonathan A. Cook, Graham Scotland, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Beatriz Goulao, Heinrich Heimann, Rodolfo Hernandez, Ruth Hogg, Charlotte Kennedy, Sobha Sivaprasad, Craig Ramsay, Usha Chakravarthy
Summary: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration is a major cause of sight loss, and early detection and treatment are crucial. Current practice involves monitoring the unaffected eye of patients with the disease in one eye, but the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive tests is unclear. This study aims to determine the diagnostic monitoring performance, cost-effectiveness, and predictive factors of developing the disease in the second eye of patients with unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lynda Constable, Paul Abrams, David Cooper, Mary Kilonzo, Nikki Cotterill, Chris Harding, Marcus J. Drake, Megan N. Pardoe, Alison McDonald, Rebecca Smith, John Norrie, Kirsty McCormack, Craig Ramsay, Alan Uren, Tony Mundy, Cathryn Glazener, Graeme MacLennan
Summary: This study compared the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of male synthetic sling with artificial urinary sphincter in men with persistent stress urinary incontinence after prostate surgery. The male sling was non-inferior to the artificial urinary sphincter in maintaining continence, and both treatments significantly improved symptoms and quality of life in patients.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Heather Cassie, Shaun Treweek, Lorna McKee, Craig Ramsay, Linda Young, Jan Clarkson
Summary: This study investigated the influence of organisational characteristics on the implementation of evidence-based guidance in primary care dental practices. The study identified leadership, communication, and context as key factors that influence the uptake of guidance. The implementation of evidence-based dental recommendations varied, with leadership and practice context being central to poor uptake. It is important for guidelines to tailor recommendations and strategies to reflect the complexities and varying contexts in primary care dentistry, thereby facilitating the implementation of evidence-based guidance.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rakesh Heer, Rebecca Lewis, Anne Duncan, Steven Penegar, Thenmalar Vadiveloo, Emma Clark, Ge Yu, Paramananthan Mariappan, Joanne Cresswell, John McGrath, James N'Dow, Ghulam Nabi, Hugh Mostafid, John Kelly, Craig Ramsay, Henry Lazarowicz, Angela Allan, Matthew Breckons, Karen Campbell, Louise Campbell, Andy Feber, Alison McDonald, John Norrie, Giovany Orozco-Leal, Stephen Rice, Zafer Tandogdu, Ernest Taylor, Laura Wilson, Luke Vale, Graeme MacLennan, Emma Hall
Summary: The study found that photodynamic diagnosis-guided transurethral resection of bladder tumour did not reduce recurrence rates compared to standard white-light method in 3 years, and was not likely to be more cost-effective.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shoba Dawson, Katie Banister, Katie Biggs, Seonaidh Cotton, Declane Devane, Heidi Gardner, Katie Gillies, Gosala Gopalakrishnan, Talia Isaacs, Kamlesh Khunti, Alistair Nichol, Adwoa Parker, Amy M. Russell, Victoria Shepherd, Frances Shiely, Gillian Shorter, Bella Starling, Hywel Williams, Andrew Willis, Miles D. Witham, Shaun Treweek
Summary: This article introduces the UK National Institute for Health and Care Research's (NIHR) "INCLUDE" project, which identified under-served groups in trials, including ethnic minorities. It provides four key recommendations for designing and running trials that include these ethnic groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louisa M. Lawrie, Stephen Turner, Seonaidh Cotton, Jessica Wood, Heather Morgan
Summary: In this study, interviews were conducted with healthcare staff and families to explore their perspectives on the use of smart inhalers and algorithm-generated treatment recommendations for childhood asthma management. The findings revealed technical issues with smart inhalers and concerns about relying solely on algorithm recommendations. However, both staff and families recognized the benefits of technology in improving medication adherence and patient responsibility.
Article
Virology
Fan Zhang, Andrew Gia, Guowei Chen, Lan Gong, Jason Behary, Georgina L. Hold, Amany Zekry, Xubo Tang, Yanni Sun, Emad El-Omar, Xiao-Tao Jiang
Summary: Viruses are abundant and important in ecosystems, and the two methods of whole genome shotgun metagenome and viral-like particle enriched metagenome sequencing are commonly used for comparing viruses in different environments. In this study, both methods were applied to investigate the stool virome in HCC patients and healthy controls, and they both successfully identified altered viral profiles in HCC patients. Ultra-deep sequencing recovered more viruses, and VLPM method can detect RNA viruses. Using both methods would capture different parts of the total virome and identify shared and specific viral signatures.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sharon E. Davis, Henry Ssemaganda, Jejo D. Koola, Jialin Mao, Dax Westerman, Theodore Speroff, Usha S. Govindarajulu, Craig R. Ramsay, Art Sedrakyan, Lucila Ohno-Machado, Frederic S. Resnic, Michael E. Matheny
Summary: Validating new algorithms often requires knowing the ground truth for data characteristics, which is inaccessible in real-world data. Therefore, simulation studies using synthetic datasets are essential. We developed a generalizable framework for injecting hierarchical learning effects into a robust data generation process to mimic complex clinical environments.
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Emad M. El-Omar
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clare Robertson, Shafaque Shaikh, Jemma Hudson, Patrick Garfjeld Roberts, David Beard, Terry Mackie, Cameron Matthew, Craig Ramsay, Katie Gillies, Marion Campbell
Summary: The RoboCOS study aims to develop a core outcome set for evaluating the impact of robot-assisted surgery on the entire system. Through systematic review, interviews, and focus group discussions, 83 different outcome domains were identified across patient, surgeon, organization, and population levels. A consensus meeting resulted in a 10-item core outcome set.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Beatriz Goulao, Anne Duncan, Karen Innes, Craig R. Ramsay, Brennan C. Kahan
Summary: The re-randomisation design can improve the efficiency and generalisability of studies within trials (SWATs) in trials with multiple follow-up time points.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Malfertheiner, M. Constanza Camargo, Emad El-Omar, Jyh-Ming Liou, Richard Peek, Christian Schulz, Stella I. Smith, Sebastian Suerbaum
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and can lead to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this infection, and discusses patient quality of life and open research questions.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benedikte Olsen Michalsen, Alice X. T. Xu, Sarah L. Alderson, Lars Bjerrum, Jamie Brehaut, Heiner C. Bucher, Janet Clarkson, Eilidh Duncan, Jeremy Grimshaw, Ronny Gunnarsson, Sigurd Hoye, Noah Ivers, Donna M. Lecky, Morten Lindbaek, Carl Llor, Pia Touboul Lundgren, Denise O'connor, Celine Pulcini, Craig Ramsay, Par-Daniel Sundvall, Theo Verheij, Kevin L. Schwartz
Summary: This study surveyed the activities and policies of the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance - Primary care Antibiotic Audit and Feedback Network (JPIAMR-PAAN) member countries in antibiotic stewardship efforts. The survey revealed gaps and variations in activities and funding sources. However, most countries have national antibiotic stewardship programs or policies aimed at supporting ongoing antimicrobial stewardship efforts and sustainability. The study concludes that JPIAMR-PAAN will continue to collaborate among its members to create best practice resources and toolkits for antibiotic audit and feedback interventions in primary care settings and identify research priorities.
JAC-ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
William G. Mitchell, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Paul J. Foster, Omar Halawa, Jennifer Burr, Craig R. Ramsay, David Cooper, Claire Cochran, John Norrie, David Friedman, Dolly Chang
Summary: This study assessed the baseline ocular parameters predicting long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) control in patients with primary angle closure (PAC) disease after clear lens extraction (CLE) or laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). The results showed that CLE was more effective in maintaining good IOP control compared to LPI. Non-Chinese ethnicity, higher baseline IOP, and no prior use of glaucoma drops were associated with worse long-term IOP response.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)