Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haowen Zhang, Ce Qi, Yuning Zhao, Mengyao Lu, Xinyue Li, Jingbo Zhou, Hongyang Dang, Mengjun Cui, Tingting Miao, Jin Sun, Duo Li
Summary: The changes in SIgA coated bacteria from early to late pregnancy are associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). SIgA coated beneficial gut bacteria, depleted in GDM, could serve as potential probiotics for GDM prevention. The increased intestinal mucosal damage and inflammation-induced dysbiosis of SIgA coated microbiota may be related to GDM, and SIgA coated L. reuteri can reduce LPS levels in GDM in vitro.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paolo Gentileschi, Emanuela Bianciardi, Domenico Benavoli, Michela Campanelli
Summary: Bariatric surgery has been shown to promote remission or significant improvement of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and related comorbidities in obese patients. Different gastrointestinal procedures may have varying effects and mechanisms of action on glucose metabolism. Metabolic surgery integrates knowledge and multidisciplinary expertise to provide a combination of conservative and surgical treatments for Type II diabetes.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucilla Crudele, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Marica Cariello, Antonio Moschetta
Summary: The gut-liver axis plays a significant role in the development and treatment of diabetes, and the gut microbiota is a key factor. There are ongoing studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of probiotics in diabetes and its complications.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriele Piuri, Monica Zocchi, Matteo Della Porta, Valentina Ficara, Michele Manoni, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Luciano Pinotti, Jeanette A. Maier, Roberta Cazzola
Summary: Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is often underestimated in Western countries, especially in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Proper intake of Mg2+ can help improve metabolic syndrome by regulating gene expression, proteomic profile, and impacting intestinal microbiota and vitamin metabolism.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka, Dominik Strzelecki
Summary: Probiotics are shown to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms when used with antidepressants and may ameliorate some clinical components of metabolic diseases. However, standardized methodology regarding probiotics use in clinical trials is still lacking.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Holger Steinbrenner, Leonidas H. H. Duntas, Margaret P. P. Rayman
Summary: This review discusses the role of selenium in T2DM and its metabolic co-morbidities, emphasizing the relevance of inflammation and oxidative stress. It describes the epidemiology of selenium studies in diabetes and explains the interaction between selenium status and glucose control. According to current research, dietary selenium supplementation does not appear to be a major causal factor for the development of T2DM.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ricardo Araujo, Marta Borges-Canha, Pedro Pimentel-Nunes
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a global epidemic characterized by metabolic dysfunctions and cardiovascular disease risk factors. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in this syndrome, and therapeutic interventions such as probiotics and synbiotics show promise in correcting metabolic disturbances and restoring gut homeostasis.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tina I. I. Bui, Emily A. A. Britt, Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan, Steven R. R. Gill
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating host metabolism and immunity through the production of signaling metabolites, such as polyamines. Disruption of the gut microbiome in individuals with metabolic syndrome and obesity-related type 2 diabetes can lead to dysregulation of polyamine synthesis. Restoring the dysbiotic gut microbiota and polyamine synthesis has shown promise in ameliorating metabolic syndrome and enhancing immune responses in individuals with obesity/T2D.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Liu, Shuyu Guo, Xing Chen, Shuhui Yang, Xi Deng, Mingxia Tu, Yufei Tao, Wenliang Xiang, Yu Rao
Summary: This study found that biofilm probiotics have better performance in immune modulation and microbiota composition, and are more active in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. Through the production of various metabolites, they may impact the host's intestinal microbiome and immune activity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Duarte Bona, Carlos Henrique de Medeiros Torres, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Ana Heloneida de Araujo Morais, Aldo Angelo Moreira Lima, Bruna Leal Lima Maciel
Summary: This systematic review assessed the association between obesity with or without MetS and alteration of intestinal barrier permeability in humans. A total of eight studies were included and categorized as moderate to high quality. The findings suggested that impaired intestinal barrier permeability was positively associated with obesity with MetS. However, the evidence quality was assessed to be very low to low according to the GRADE framework.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena A. A. Tukhovskaya, Elvira R. R. Shaykhutdinova, Irina A. A. Pakhomova, Gulsara A. A. Slashcheva, Natalya A. A. Goryacheva, Elena S. S. Sadovnikova, Ekaterina A. A. Rasskazova, Vitaly A. A. Kazakov, Igor A. A. Dyachenko, Alina A. A. Frolova, Alexey N. N. Brovkin, Vasiliy E. E. Kaluzhsky, Mikhail Yu. Beburov, Arkady N. N. Murashev
Summary: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AICAR on metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by a high-fat diet. The results showed that AICAR treatment led to weight reduction, decrease in abdominal fat, and improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs. However, the co-administration of MTX did not improve the efficacy of AICAR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bato Korac, Andjelika Kalezic, Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan, Aleksandra Korac, Aleksandra Jankovic
Summary: Life is defined as an instantaneous encounter of circulating matter and flowing energy, and the relationship between redox biology and metabolism forms a dynamic balance in health, but disruption can lead to disease. The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases presents challenges in understanding, diagnosing, and treating them, emphasizing the need for research on novel redox-metabolic biomarkers.
Review
Pediatrics
Dario Iafusco, Roberto Franceschi, Alice Maguolo, Salvatore Guercio Nuzio, Antonino Crino, Maurizio Delvecchio, Lorenzo Iughetti, Claudio Maffeis, Valeria Calcaterra, Melania Manco
Summary: Type 2 diabetes develops within the context of metabolic syndrome and is influenced by a continuum of risk factors, including visceral obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal blood lipids, and impaired glucose control. This condition places a significant burden on beta-cell function during puberty, leading to irreversible deterioration and the onset of diabetes. This review aims to identify age-specific risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth, summarize screening and diagnostic criteria, and explore potential treatment options. Visceral obesity and disrupted lipid metabolism are key factors in disease development. Genetic susceptibility to impaired beta-cell function in the presence of obesity and insulin resistance explains why some obese adolescents develop diabetes at a young age while others do not. Lifestyle interventions focusing on a healthy diet and physical activity remain the primary treatment approach for youth with type 2 diabetes. However, pharmacological management using common drugs, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and sodium-dependent glucose transport inhibitors, as well as new weight-reducing medications, like glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, could revolutionize the management of this disease. These medications have the potential to not only treat diabetes but also alleviate the burden of metabolic abnormalities associated with the syndrome and lead to significant weight loss.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Rima M. Chakaroun, Lucas Massier, Anna Heintz-Buschart, Nedal Said, Joerg Fallmann, Alyce Crane, Tatjana Schuetz, Arne Dietrich, Matthias Blueher, Michael Stumvoll, Niculina Musat, Peter Kovacs
Summary: The study found that the bacterial signature in the blood is related to metabolic diseases and can be improved after bariatric surgery. This work provides contaminant-aware evidence for the presence of living bacteria in the blood and suggests a putative crosstalk between components of the blood and metabolism in metabolic health regulation.
Review
Microbiology
J. E. Vazquez Bucheli, S. D. Todorov, W. H. Holzapfel
Summary: Intestinal bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated clinical condition that is associated with microbial imbalances in the gut. Probiotics may be beneficial in preventing and treating this disease.
BENEFICIAL MICROBES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Sofia Forssten, Arthur C. Ouwehand
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Henna-Maria Uusitupa, Pia Rasinkangas, Markus J. Lehtinen, Sanna M. Makela, Kaisa Airaksinen, Heli Anglenius, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Johanna Maukonen
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nadia de L. Aguero, Laureano S. Frizzo, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Gonzalo Aleu, Marcelo R. Rosmini
Article
Microbiology
Liisa Lehtoranta, Ashley A. Hibberd, Jenni Reimari, Jouni Junnila, Nicolas Yeung, Johanna Maukonen, Gordon Crawford, Arthur C. Ouwehand
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuan Yue, Ditte S. G. Nielsen, Sofia D. Forssten, Knud Erik B. Knudsen, Markku T. Saarinen, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Stig Purup
Summary: The study investigated the effects of fermentation products of polydextrose, lactitol, and xylitol on impaired colonic epithelial barrier function. It was found that xylitol fermentation products exhibited better repairing effects than that of polydextrose and lactitol, mainly due to the high production of butyrate. This suggests that functional food ingredients that mainly produce butyrate during fermentation may be more beneficial for improving gut health related to chronic diseases.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ulvi K. Gursoy, Krista Salli, Eva Soderling, Mervi Gursoy, Johanna Hirvonen, Arthur C. Ouwehand
Summary: The study found that 3-FL alone or in combination with 2'-FL can stimulate oral mucosal secretion of hBD-2 without inducing a proinflammatory response.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victoria C. Daniels, Marcia H. Monaco, Mei Wang, Johanna Hirvonen, Henrik Max Jensen, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Ratna Mukherjea, Ryan N. Dilger, Sharon M. Donovan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of supplementing piglet formula with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 (Bi-26) on piglet growth and intestinal development. The results showed that the addition of 2'-FL and/or Bi-26 supported piglet growth without detrimental effects on body weight, organ weight, or intestinal structure and function.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sofia D. Forssten, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Sile M. Griffin, Elaine Patterson
Summary: The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut microbiota and the brain that influences brain physiology, function, and behavior. Probiotics have been shown to improve health by altering the gut environment and evidence suggests their beneficial effects on mental and brain health. This review focuses on the role of probiotics and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in mood disorders and explores the challenges in translating preclinical research into clinical research.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Reeta Ala-Jaakkola, Arja Laitila, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Liisa Lehtoranta
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial disease worldwide, and antibiotic resistance is a major concern. D-mannose, a dietary supplement, shows promise as an alternative treatment for UTIs, reducing the risk and recurrence.
Article
Microbiology
Heli Anglenius, Harri Makivuokko, Ilmari Ahonen, Sofia D. D. Forssten, Pirjo Wacklin, Jaana Matto, Sampo Lahtinen, Liisa Lehtoranta, Arthur C. C. Ouwehand
Summary: In this study, 100 commercial and non-commercial strains of lactobacilli were tested for their suitability for gastrointestinal or vaginal applications. The study found that commercial strains grew better than newly isolated strains, but all strains showed tolerance to acid. Tolerance to bile varied between strains, and VEC adhesion and H2O2 production were species- and strain-specific.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Merenstein, Bruno Pot, Gregory Leyer, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Geoffrey A. Preidis, Christopher A. Elkins, Colin Hill, Zachery T. Lewis, Andrea L. Shane, Niv Zmora, Mariya I. Petrova, Maria Carmen Collado, Lorenzo Morelli, Gina A. Montoya, Hania Szajewska, Daniel J. Tancredi, Mary Ellen Sanders
Summary: Probiotics are used by both healthy individuals and in clinical settings, but there are potential risks associated with their consumption. This has led to the need for concise recommendations on how to ensure the safe and effective use of new probiotic strains and products, especially in vulnerable populations.
Article
Microbiology
Krista Salli, Johanna Hirvonen, Heli Anglenius, Ashley A. A. Hibberd, Ilmari Ahonen, Markku T. T. Saarinen, Johanna Maukonen, Arthur C. C. Ouwehand
Summary: In this study, the effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on infant faecal microbiota and microbial metabolites were evaluated using a semi-continuous colon simulator. The results showed that HMOs decreased diversity and increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium species, which correlated with the production of microbial metabolites. These findings suggest that HMOs and probiotics have benefits for the developing infant gut microbiota.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matilda Krakstrom, Alex M. Dickens, Marina Amaral Alves, Sofia D. Forssten, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Tuulia Hyotylainen, Matej Oresic, Santosh Lamichhane
Summary: Current evidence suggests that gut microbiome-derived lipids play a crucial role in regulating host lipid metabolism. This study used targeted and untargeted lipidomics to analyze in vitro-derived feces and found that the lipid profiles of the simulated intestinal chyme were influenced by the vessel and time. Various types of lipids, including phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, triacylglycerols, and endocannabinoids, were found to be altered in different compartments of the human colon model over time.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicolas Yeung, Sofia D. Forssten, Markku T. Saarinen, Mehreen Anjum, Arthur C. Ouwehand
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different food matrices on the delivery of HN019 probiotic via simulated human digestion. The results showed that HN019 could be detected from all tested matrices, including frozen culture, freeze-dried powder, and various food matrices. The observed changes in metabolite profile were consistent with the food matrix used. Hence, this study suggests that the food matrix supplemented with HN019 does not interfere with probiotic delivery to the colon via simulated human digestion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia D. Forssten, Nicolas Yeung, Arthur C. Ouwehand