Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haozhe Zhang, Yi Zhou, Zengzhen Xing, Rajiv Kumar Sah, Junqi Hu, Hailiang Hu
Summary: This review discusses the close relationship between the evolution of prostate cancer and androgen levels and the status of the androgen receptor. It also explores how alterations in androgen metabolism contribute to the resistance to anti-androgen therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Rong Yan, Aili Wang, Xueying Zhang, Jingmin He, Duo Bai
Summary: This study investigates the impact of intermittent androgen deprivation therapy on the evolution of prostate cancer, highlighting the critical role of threshold values and initial conditions. The results indicate that the concentration of AD cells and AI cells can be contained at a satisfactory level.
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rolando D. Z. Lyles, Maria J. Martinez, Benjamin Sherman, Stephan Schurer, Kerry L. Burnstein
Summary: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment for high risk and advanced prostate cancer, but it often leads to disease progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) that are incurable. Finding effective targeted therapies for advanced prostate cancer is challenging due to acquired resistance to existing treatments and the heterogeneity of the disease. In this study, researchers developed an adaptable semi-automated protocol to identify potential prostate cancer therapeutics. The protocol optimized cell growth and utilized automation to enhance reproducibility and efficiency, combining live-cell imaging and viability assays to evaluate drug efficacy in vitro.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
D. C. Cheung, S. M. H. Alibhai, L. J. Martin, M. Komisarenko, C. Dharma, P. Warde, S. S. Sridhar, N. E. Fleshner, G. S. Kulkarni, A. Finelli
Summary: In Ontario, only 16.4% of patients aged 65 and older with prostate cancer received intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT), with variations observed across health-planning regions and physician specialties. Factors such as prior local therapy and higher patient income influenced the likelihood of receiving IADT. Radiation oncologists were more likely to use IADT, as were physicians with more experience.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Yongzhen Pei, Yunfei Lv, Changguo Li, Dandan Fang
Summary: Intermittent androgen suppression plus chemotherapy has become an indispensable clinical scheme for prostate cancer. This study describes the transformation mechanism of cancer cells and extends the model to include the residual effect of chemotherapy to prevent relapse. The optimal controls represent the efficiencies of both intermittent androgen suppression and chemotherapy in suppressing the relapse of prostate cancer.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Masaki Shiota, Shintaro Narita, Tomonori Habuchi, Masatoshi Eto
Summary: This study validated the prognostic significance of YB-1 gene polymorphism in metastatic prostate cancer, showing a significant association between YB-1 genotype and risk of progression and mortality.
PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xu Zhang, Qier Xia, Jie Xu
Summary: Radical prostatectomy may not be the best option for elderly patients with localized prostate adenocarcinoma. Palliative transurethral resection of the prostate combined with intermittent androgen deprivation therapy has shown significant good results in the treatment of elderly patients.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Praful Ravi, Atish D. Choudhury
Summary: Intensification of systemic therapy with the addition of novel androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) improves overall survival in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, continuous use of ARPIs may lead to long-term toxicities, lower quality of life, and higher healthcare costs. Depth of the initial prostate-specific antigen response is associated with favorable outcomes. Evaluation of high-intensity intermittent therapy is warranted.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY FOCUS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Jin Kim, Young Hwa Lee, Kyo Chul Koo
Summary: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and treatment for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) relies heavily on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Despite most patients progressing to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), studies suggest that manipulating alternative molecular pathways can help improve current treatments and develop novel therapies for CRPC management.
Article
Oncology
Chad Tang, Alexander D. D. Sherry, Cara Haymaker, Tharakeswara Bathala, Suyu Liu, Bryan Fellman, Lorenzo Cohen, Ana Aparicio, Amado J. J. Zurita, Alexandre Reuben, Enrica Marmonti, Stephen G. G. Chun, Jay P. P. Reddy, Amol Ghia, Sean McGuire, Eleni Efstathiou, Jennifer Wang, Jianbo Wang, Patrick Pilie, Craig Kovitz, Weiliang Du, Samantha J. Simiele, Rachit Kumar, Yerko Borghero, Zheng Shi, Brian Chapin, Daniel Gomez, Ignacio Wistuba, Paul G. G. Corn
Summary: This randomized clinical trial investigated the addition of metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) to hormone therapy in men with oligometastatic prostate cancer. The study found that combining MDT with intermittent hormone therapy significantly improved progression-free survival and eugonadal progression-free survival, providing a new treatment strategy for prostate cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Zemin Hou, Shengsong Huang, Zhenfei Li
Summary: Androgens are crucial in the development of prostate cancer, and targeting steroidogenesis and the androgen receptor has been effective in delaying disease progression. New generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitors like abiraterone and enzalutamide continue to emphasize the role of the androgen-AR axis, even in cases of resistance. The importance of this axis in managing the disease after resistance to current treatments, particularly in neuroendocrine prostate cancer, remains uncertain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenchu Lin, Alicia M. Blessing, Thomas L. Pulliam, Yan Shi, Sandi R. Wilkenfeld, Jenny J. Han, Mollianne M. Murray, Alexander H. Pham, Kevin Duong, Sonja N. Brun, Reuben J. Shaw, Michael M. Ittmann, Daniel E. Frigo
Summary: The study revealed that androgen receptor can promote prostate cancer progression by activating the CAMKK2-AMPK-ULK1 signaling cascade. Disruption of CAMKK2 can impair tumor growth in CRPC models, while an inhibitor of AMPK-ULK1 can block autophagy and cell growth in prostate cancer cells.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tien-Yi Lee, Philippe Bernard Pierrillas, Yu-Wei Lin, Rik de Greef, Anthe Suzanne Zandvliet, Emilie Schindler, Elizabeth Migoya
Summary: Relugolix, a nonpeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist, is approved for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The recommended dosage is a loading dose of 360 mg followed by a daily dose of 120 mg. Population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PopPK/PD) models were developed using data from clinical studies to characterize relugolix exposure and its relationship to testosterone concentrations. The models showed that the recommended dosing regimen achieved castration levels of testosterone within a few days and maintained them even during temporary interruption of treatment.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Fatima Karzai, Stephanie M. Walker, Scott Wilkinson, Ravi A. Madan, Joanna H. Shih, Maria J. Merino, Stephanie A. Harmon, David J. VanderWeele, Lisa M. Cordes, Nicole Carrabba, John R. Bright, Nicolas T. Terrigino, Guinevere Chun, Marijo Bilusic, Anna Couvillon, Amy Hankin, Monique N. Williams, Rosina T. Lis, Huihui Ye, Peter L. Choyke, James L. Gulley, Adam G. Sowalsky, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto, William L. Dahut
Summary: For patients with localized intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer, baseline mpMRI can help predict pathologic response, with low relative tumor burden at initial scan being most predictive of minimal residual disease or pathologic complete response. Tailoring patient selection based on these metrics may lead to improved outcomes in high-risk disease.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrich Sommer, Tiziana Siciliano, Celina Ebersbach, Alicia-Marie K. Beier, Matthias B. Stope, Korinna Joehrens, Gustavo B. Baretton, Angelika Borkowetz, Christian Thomas, Holger H. H. Erb
Summary: PSMA protein plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, and the activation and inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) can affect PSMA protein levels. This study found that AR activation and inhibition affect PSMA protein levels through a possible non-canonical mechanism, and low PSMA expression rates may be necessary to increase PSMA protein through androgen deprivation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Ebraheem O. Alzahrani, Yang Kuang
DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Javier Baez, Yang Kuang
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Karam Allali, Jaouad Danane, Yang Kuang
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2017)
Article
Biology
Bruce Pell, Tin Phan, Erica M. Rutter, Gerardo Chowell, Yang Kuang
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Biology
Xinmiao Rong, Meng Fan, Xiangdong Sun, Youming Wang, Huaiping Zhu
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tin Phan, Kyle Nguyen, Preeti Sharma, Yang Kuang
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2019)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Kuang, Meng Fan, Shengqiang Liu, Wanbiao Ma
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2019)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tin Phan, Sharon M. Crook, Alan H. Bryce, Carlo C. Maley, Eric J. Kostelich, Yang Kuang
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sarah Hews, Steffen Eikenberry, John D. Nagy, Tin Phan, Yang Kuang
Summary: This study examines the impact of HBV infection on hepatocyte proliferation and the resulting dynamics, revealing that compromised proliferation in infected cells leads to complex dynamics while higher proliferation results in straightforward dynamics of chronic infection, sometimes with liver failure. The unique global stability result of liver failure state in this class of models is highlighted, and a testable biological hypothesis is proposed.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tin Phan, Changhan He, Irakli Loladze, Clay Prater, Jim Elser, Yang Kuang
Summary: Cells employ multiple strategies to maintain optimal protein production rate under different nutrient conditions. Mathematical models provide a theoretical foundation to explain these strategies and generate testable hypotheses. Studies show that strategies used under C and P limitations result in faster growth dynamics.
Review
Ecology
Jana Isanta-Navarro, Clay Prater, Logan M. Peoples, Irakli Loladze, Tin Phan, Punidan D. Jeyasingh, Matthew J. Church, Yang Kuang, James J. Elser
Summary: The growth rate hypothesis (GRH) proposes that variation in organismal stoichiometry is driven by the allocation of P to ribosomal RNA during growth. This hypothesis has received broad support, but not consistent, in studies across different organisms and habitats. This article synthesizes information on how and why the predicted relationship between growth, RNA, and P may be uncoupled and suggests paths for further theoretical and empirical work to expand the understanding of the GRH. The study found strong support for the relationships between growth and RNA, and RNA-P and P, but weaker support for the relationship between growth and P. The uncoupling of the GRH can be attributed to physiological, ecological, and evolutionary factors. These factors should be considered in empirical tests of the GRH and mathematically formalized to enhance the predictive understanding of growth.
Article
Oncology
William Meade, Allison Weber, Tin Phan, Emily Hampston, Laura Figueroa Resa, John Nagy, Yang Kuang
Summary: This study introduces two methods to enhance the accuracy of classical biomarkers for hormonal therapy failure, and demonstrates the value of measuring both prostate-specific antigen and androgen during hormonal treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tin Phan, James J. Elser, Yang Kuang
Summary: Organism growth is determined by multiple resources interdependently, but traditional growth models based on the Droop cell quota framework only consider single-resource limitations. To overcome this limitation, we propose a multiple-resource limitation growth function and incorporate it into an existing producer-grazer model. Our proposed model captures various experimental observations and provides bounds on the expected growth of an organism. It is also more mathematically tractable compared to other stoichiometric models.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Lauren R. Dickman, Yang Kuang
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xiangyun Shi, Yang Kuang, Athena Makroglou, Sriprakash Mokshagundam, Jiaxu Li