Review
Infectious Diseases
Xianlei Zhao, Xiaoxia Bai, Yongmei Xi
Summary: Mother-to-child transmission of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major route of infection in high prevalence areas, but the cellular mechanisms of intrauterine transmission are poorly understood. Clinical and in vitro studies suggest that placental trophoblasts can be infected with HBV, and several cellular parameters may influence their receptivity to the virus. Little is currently known about the specific mechanisms involved in trophoblastic cell infection. This review discusses the models for HBV mother-to-child transmission and highlights the possible involvement of placental trophoblast infection.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Palittiya Sintusek, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Yong Poovorawan
Summary: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global health burden, but it can be prevented with antiviral treatment, immunoprophylaxis, and timely vaccination. Cesarean section and breastfeeding avoidance may be options for high-risk mothers, but more evidence is needed. Screening and effective strategies should be considered for worldwide application.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Luis Baiao Peliganga, Marco Aurelio Pereira Horta, Lia Laura Lewis-Ximenez
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of HBV infection and the risk of mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women in Angola. The results showed a high prevalence of HBV and highlighted the importance of antenatal screening, timely vaccination, and prophylactic measures in preventing transmission.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Serge Ouoba, Ko Ko, Moussa Lingani, Shintaro Nagashima, Alice N. Guingane, E. Bunthen, Md Razeen Ashraf Hussain, Aya Sugiyama, Tomoyuki Akita, Masayuki Ohisa, Moussa Abdel Sanou, Ousmane Traore, Job Wilfried Nassa, Maimouna Sanou, Kazuaki Takahashi, Halidou Tinto, Junko Tanaka
Summary: The prevalence of HBsAg, HBeAg, and high HBV DNA among pregnant women in Burkina Faso was investigated, and the effectiveness of HBeAg in predicting high viral load was assessed. The results showed that the prevalence of HBsAg was 6.5%, with 22.6% of patients being HBeAg positive and 19.1% having HBV DNA ≥ 200,000 IU/mL. These findings highlight the importance of routine HBV screening and effective MTCT risk assessment for all pregnant women in Burkina Faso.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
An-qun Hu, Qian-ying Cai, Miao Zhang, Hai-yan Liu, Tian-lei Wang, Wen-hui Han, Qing Li, Wei Fan, Yi-jie Li, Yi-ning He, Ying-jie Zheng
Summary: This study investigated different types of hepatitis B infection among mothers and infants, evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination against hepatitis B infection. The refinement of classification based on transmission types improved the estimate of vaccine effectiveness, particularly for certain types of transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bo Zhu, Xiaojing Lv, Zhiying Zhao, Liwen Chen, Xiuli Chen, Congjie Li, Suwen Li, Erhei Dai
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of TDF and TBV in interrupting HBV mother-to-child transmission. Both TDF and TBV effectively reduced HBV DNA levels and MTCT rate in pregnant women with high HBV DNA load. TDF was more effective in reducing HBV DNA levels in the second trimester, suggesting its use during this period to prevent HBV MTCT.
Review
Immunology
Huihui Lu, Weihua Cao, Luxue Zhang, Liu Yang, Xiaoyue Bi, Yanjie Lin, Wen Deng, Tingting Jiang, Fangfang Sun, Zhan Zeng, Yao Lu, Lu Zhang, Ruyu Liu, Yuanjiao Gao, Shuling Wu, Hongxiao Hao, Xiaoxue Chen, Leiping Hu, Mengjiao Xu, Qiqiu Xiong, Jianping Dong, Rui Song, Minghui Li, Yao Xie
Summary: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is one of the most common ways of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and approximately 6.4 million children under five years old worldwide have chronic HBV infections. The high level of HBV DNA, HBeAg positivity, placental barrier failure, and fetal immune immaturity are possible causes of chronic HBV infection. Currently, the passive-active immune program for children and antiviral therapy for pregnant women with high HBV DNA load are the most important methods to prevent HBV transmission. However, some infants still end up with chronic HBV infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaohui Zhang, Huaibin Zou, Yu Chen, Hua Zhang, Ruihua Tian, Jun Meng, Yunxia Zhu, Huimin Guo, Erhei Dai, Baoshen Zhu, Zhongsheng Liu, Yanxia Jin, Yujie Li, Liping Feng, Hui Zhuang, Calvin Q. Pan, Jie Li, Zhongping Duan
Summary: The study found that high dose HB vaccine did not further reduce immunoprophylaxis failure for infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers, but significantly increased high-response rate and decreased low-response rate for infants born to mothers with HBV DNA < 5 log(10) IU/mL.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
C. Wang, Y-C Pan, Z-F Jia, X-M Chi, Y-Q Wang, N. Yang, Y-H Wu, J-Q Niu, J. Jiang
Summary: The study found that HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBV RNA were correlated in HBeAg-positive pregnant women and could be used to predict the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Special attention should be given to pregnant women with high levels of all three markers.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cynthia Raissa Tamandjou Tchuem, Monique Ingrid Andersson, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Josef Mufenda, Wolfgang Preiser, Susan Cleary
Summary: Despite the availability of the hepatitis B vaccine, mother-to-child transmission of HBV persists in Africa. Research shows that maternal antiviral prophylaxis can effectively eliminate HBV MTCT, with the cost-effective strategy being maternal antiviral prophylaxis with sequential HBeAg testing.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei Yi, Minghui Li, Fangfang Sun, Huihui Lu, Zhan Zeng, Xiaoyue Bi, Liu Yang, Yanjie Lin, Xiuzhen Cao, Yuhong Hu, Mingfang Zhou, Lu Zhang, Yao Lu, Gang Wan, Yao Xie
Summary: The study investigates the impact and safety of IVF-ET on mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in women with chronic HBV infection. The results show that IVF-ET does not increase the risk of transmission and is safe for both mothers and infants.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhihua Liu, Zhongdan Chen, Fuqiang Cui, Yang Ding, Yunfei Gao, Guorong Han, Jidong Jia, Jie Li, Zengde Li, Yingxia Liu, Qing Mao, Ailing Wang, Wei Wang, Lai Wei, Jianhong Xia, Qing Xie, Xizhong Yang, Xueru Yin, Hua Zhang, Liaoyun Zhang, Wenhong Zhang, Hui Zhuang, Xiaoguang Dou, Jinlin Hou
Summary: The WHO aims to eliminate hepatitis by 2030, with blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV being crucial. The Chinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control has developed a management algorithm for preventing MTCT of HBV, focusing on screening, antiviral treatment, and infant immunization.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhihua Liu, Zhongdan Chen, Fuqiang Cui, Yang Ding, Yunfei Gao, Guorong Han, Jidong Jia, Jie Li, Zengde Li, Yingxia Liu, Qing Mao, Ailing Wang, Wei Wang, Lai Wei, Jianhong Xia, Qing Xie, Xizhong Yang, Xueru Yin, Hua Zhang, Liaoyun Zhang, Wenhong Zhang, Hui Zhuang, Xiaoguang Dou, Jinlin Hou
Summary: The World Health Organization has set a goal to eliminate hepatitis as a threat to public health by 2030. Blocking mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus is crucial, and the Chinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control has compiled a management algorithm to achieve zero HBV infection among infants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Norah A. Terrault, Miriam T. Levy, Ka Wang Cheung, Gonzague Jourdain
Summary: The management of viral hepatitis in pregnancy requires special consideration due to the unique characteristics of each hepatitis virus and their impact on maternal and infant outcomes. Preventing mother-to-child transmission is crucial in reducing the global burden of chronic viral hepatitis.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Samreen Ijaz, Jade Derrick, Justin Shute, Georgina Ireland, Iain Hayden, Siew Lin Ngui, Sema Mandal, Richard S. Tedder
Summary: The transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from mother to infant involves multiple mechanisms. Better utilization of currently available interventions should be considered to reduce further HBV transmission. Surveillance programs in infants born to mothers with HBV provide valuable insights into the transmission mechanisms and the use of interventions for controlling mother-to-child HBV infections.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wenbin Liu, Hongxiang Ji, Jun Zhao, Jiahui Song, Shaoling Zheng, Lei Chen, Peng Li, Xiaojie Tan, Yibo Ding, Rui Pu, Jianhua Yin, Xue Han, Guangwen Cao
Summary: APOBEC3-related mutations are associated with biliary tract cancers. The functional polymorphisms of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B play important roles in the development of cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer. TNF-alpha regulates the levels of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B by affecting transcriptional repressors and promoter accessibility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rui Pu, Wenbin Liu, Xinyu Zhou, Xi Chen, Xiaomei Hou, Shiliang Cai, Liping Chen, Jianfeng Wu, Fan Yang, Xiaojie Tan, Jianhua Yin, Xin Wang, Guangwen Cao
Summary: The study aimed to explore the mechanism by which hepatitis B virus X mutations increase the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identify potential therapeutic targets. The results showed that M3-HBx and Ct-HBx mutants had a higher HCC incidence compared to wild-type HBx. M3-HBx had a stronger capacity to upregulate inflammatory cytokines and promote cell proliferation in HepG2 and HeLa cells. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) and cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) were identified as novel effectors, and their expression was significantly upregulated by M3-HBx and Ct-HBx in both cells and mouse livers. Silencing PAI1 attenuated the effects of M3-HBx and Ct-HBx on cell growth. PAI1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HBV-related HCC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruihua Wang, Qiaoyuan Fei, Shan Liu, Xueqiong Weng, Huanzhu Liang, Yingying Wu, Lin Wen, Guang Hao, Guangwen Cao, Chunxia Jing
Summary: This study assessed the effects of bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA) in the US population. The results suggest that BPS may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease, especially in the 50-80 age group.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Donghong Liu, Wenbin Liu, Xi Chen, Jianhua Yin, Longteng Ma, Mei Liu, Xinyu Zhou, Linfeng Xian, Peng Li, Xiaojie Tan, Jun Zhao, Yong Liao, Guangwen Cao
Summary: In this study, circKCNN2 was identified as a potential predictive biomarker and therapeutic agent for the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Through multi-omics analyses, circKCNN2 was found to suppress the recurrence of HCC via the miR-520c-3p/MBD2 axis. These findings suggest that circKCNN2 may hold promise for predicting HCC recurrence and improving therapeutic outcomes.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Xiaojie Jin, Dawn Chi, Danielle Wolfe, Colin Hiebert, Tom Fetch, Wenguang Cao, Allen Xue, Gavin Humphreys, George Fedak
Summary: By using marker-assisted selection and doubled haploid technology, five stem rust resistance genes were stacked to produce 13 desired combinations. The wheat cultivar Hoffman was improved by stacking Sr35 and Sr36. The pyramided lines with three or four genes and improved Hoffman with Sr35+Sr36 were all immune to TTKSK.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Liu, Tianzhen Gu, Zhenyao Wang, Gongwang Cao, Chuang Wang
Summary: The corrosion behavior of zinc exposed in the coastal zone of the Nansha Islands for nearly 3 years was studied. The results show that the corrosion products do not provide significant protection to the substrate. The kinetics of the corrosion process is linear, and the morphology of the corrosion products differs on the skyward and field-ward sides. The degree of corrosion also varies at different exposure periods.
CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ting Shen, Ting Ni, Jiaxuan Chen, Haitao Chen, Xiaopin Ma, Guangwen Cao, Tianzhi Wu, Haisheng Xie, Bin Zhou, Gang Wei, Hexige Saiyin, Suqin Shen, Peng Yu, Qianyi Xiao, Hui Liu, Yuzheng Gao, Xidai Long, Jianhua Yin, Yanfang Guo, Jiaxue Wu, Gong-Hong Wei, Jinlin Hou, De-Ke Jiang
Summary: Most cancer-causing variations are found in gene regulatory elements, such as enhancers. However, enhancer variants predisposing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been reported before. In this study, a genome-wide survey was conducted in 11,958 individuals to identify HCC-susceptible enhancer variants, and rs73613962 within the intronic region of PRMT7 was discovered as a susceptibility locus for HCC. The functional activity of this region as an enhancer was confirmed through experimental assays. The upregulation of PRMT7, which is regulated by this enhancer region through the binding of the transcription factor HNF4A, contributes to HCC-related phenotypes both in vitro and in vivo. This finding sheds light on the pathogenesis of HCC and may provide new opportunities for its prevention and treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wenbin Liu, Shiliang Cai, Rui Pu, Zixiong Li, Donghong Liu, Xinyu Zhou, Jianhua Yin, Xi Chen, Liping Chen, Jianfeng Wu, Xiaojie Tan, Xin Wang, Guangwen Cao
Summary: Mutations in the preS region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, several specific preS mutations were found to significantly increase the risk of HCC by promoting inflammation and altering gene expression in inflammation- and metabolism-related pathways. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring these mutations for HCC prevention.
Article
Oncology
Jiansheng Lin, Hongwei Zhang, Hongping Yu, Xinyu Bi, Weilu Zhang, Jianhua Yin, Pei Zhao, Xiumei Liang, Chunfeng Qu, Minjie Wang, Ming Hu, Kun Liu, Yuting Wang, Zihan Zhou, Junqi Wang, Xiaojie Tan, Wenbin Liu, Zhongjun Shao, Jianqiang Cai, Weizhong Tang, Guangwen Cao
Summary: This study investigated the contribution of HBV and HCV to primary liver cancer and their association with cancer aggressiveness in China. The results showed that HBV accounted for 84.4% of HCC cases in China and was associated with clinical characteristics of the tumor. Early screening and preoperative prognosis prediction models are important in clinical decision-making.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Gang Chen, Mengwei Wang, Peiguang Wang, Bo Liang
Summary: We report a Chinese patient with Ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia (IFAP) syndrome, presenting with the classic triad of follicular ichthyosis, alopecia, and photophobia, along with painful palmoplantar keratoderma, recurrent infections, periorificial keratotic plaques, nail dystrophy, and pachyonychia. Whole-exome sequencing identified an intronic variant (NM_015884.3: exon7:c.970+5G>A) in the MBTPS2 gene, which was confirmed to segregate with phenotype in the family. cDNA sequencing showed that the variant introduced a new splice donor site, leading to partial skipping of exon 7 (r.951_970del). An in vitro mini-gene assay demonstrated abnormal splicing of exon 7. This study highlights the importance of validation assays in determining the pathogenicity of intronic variants in MBTPS2.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Zheyun Niu, Dongming Jiang, Jiaying Shen, Wenbin Liu, Xiaojie Tan, Guangwen Cao
Summary: Tumor development follows an evolutionary pattern of mutation-selection-adaptation, and FHIT plays a crucial role in this process by regulating gene expression and promoting retro-differentiation during cancer evolution and development. This article provides evidence on how FHIT is inactivated in cancer and highlights its importance in bridging macroevolution and microevolution.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiayi Zhao, Yiwei Shi, Guangwen Cao
Summary: The initiation and progression of tumors are complex, with the inflammation tumor microenvironment playing a crucial role. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can detect the transcription levels of cells, revealing the heterogeneity and evolutionary trajectory of infiltrated immune cells and cancer cells, providing insights into the composition and function of cells in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment.