Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Susan Garfinkel, Sabina Alam, Patricia Baskin, Christina Bennett, Bridget Carruthers, Jeffrey Engler, Annette Flanagin, Sheila Garrity, Chris Graf, Michael J. Imperiale, Christopher King, Sabine Kleinert, Dan Kulp, Courtney Mankowski, Nicola Nugent, Teodoro Pulvirenti, Lauran Qualkenbush, Emily Sobiecki, Daniel Wainstock, Erica Wilfong, Loren Wold, Jennifer Yucel
Summary: A working group consisting of three US universities held virtual meetings to improve collaboration and transparency between institutions and journals in managing research misconduct and publication ethics. The group identified three key recommendations for better communication and cooperation: revising the interpretation of "need-to-know" criteria, separating the evaluation of research data from determining culpability, and changing journal policies regarding contacting institutions. These changes aim to foster trust, transparency, and faster resolution of data integrity issues in published literature. Rating: 9/10
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lin Song, Zhenlei Yu, Qiang He
Summary: Doctors and patients are the critical players in medical malpractice, and their behavior is influenced by information asymmetry and bounded rationality. This study constructs an evolutionary game model for doctors and patients and examines the strategy selection problem in the medical malpractice process. Vensim simulation is used to demonstrate the evolutionary equilibrium strategy of the model under different parameter settings. The results suggest that the weight, penalty amount, benefits of standardized practices, and patient medical alarm cost are key factors affecting the doctor-patient evolutionary game system. The study proposes measures to effectively address medical malpractice, including adjusting strategy weights, increasing penalties, and standardizing costs based on doctors' incomes from standardized practices.
Letter
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Grant Lewison, Philip Roe, Richard Sullivan, Martin Bricknell
Summary: Military clinicians can transfer their expertise in treating wounded and mentally damaged military personnel to civilian patients through academic publications and collaboration with civilian colleagues. This study demonstrates how the diffusion of knowledge in combat casualty treatment from military authors to subsequent military and civilian publications can be tracked through analysis of citation history.
Article
Business
Iraci de Souza Joao-Roland, Maria L. Granados
Summary: This paper explores the impact of management practices and organizational behaviors on social innovation strategy in social enterprises (SEs). The research suggests that a collaborative and user-centered approach, as well as a participatory organizational culture, positively influence social innovation performance. Through data analysis and regression models, the study confirms that cooperation with the community, beneficiaries, and universities, development of solutions based on community needs, design thinking, and intrapreneur behavior within SEs are all positively correlated with social innovation performance. The findings emphasize the crucial role of community, universities, and user involvement throughout the innovation process, providing valuable insights for SEs and policymakers in prioritizing practices and behaviors for strategic management of social innovation.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Simon Erridge, Fabian Olsson, Mikael H. Sodergren
Summary: This study aimed to determine the research priorities for medical cannabis patients in the United Kingdom. The findings identified several key themes, including adverse events, comparison between cannabis-based medicinal products, health conditions, pharmacology of cannabis, types of study, healthcare professionals' attitudes, social environment, agriculture and manufacturing, and the cannabis plant. The highest proportion of research funding was allocated to the assessment of the effect on specific symptoms. The study also highlighted the importance of considering the social impact of medical cannabis.
COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katharine Sanderson, Miryam Naddaf
Summary: UK researchers have been excluded from the scheme for two years due to disagreements over Brexit.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sophie Roche, Soham Bandyopadhyay, Alexander Grassam-Rowe, Robin Andrew Brown, Poppy Iveson, Garry Mallett, Holly Eggington, Catherine Swales
Summary: This multicentre, cross-sectional study aims to investigate medical students' involvement and perceptions of research and research-orientated careers in UK medical schools. By using an online questionnaire and statistical analysis, the study will identify the extent of medical students' involvement in research and the factors that incentivize or deter them from participating in research activities.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
S. Z. Campbell, J. Y. Kuah, M. Hall-Craggs, T. Parry, S. Mallett, S. Halligan
Summary: This study investigated the level of statistical support available to UK radiology trainees and found that the majority of trainees were not satisfied with the current support and believed it had a considerable impact on their research aspirations. They desired more dedicated statistical support, particularly in the area of data analysis.
CLINICAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Huan Zhao, Xi Chen
Summary: This study attempts to analyze the dynamic propagation process of knowledge-sharing in interdisciplinary research teams based on game theory. A multi-symmetry evolution game model is built to examine the impact of decision-making strategies on knowledge-sharing among team members. The analysis highlights the importance of mutual cooperation and trust in fostering knowledge-sharing. Reasonable suggestions are provided for addressing challenges in building and developing interdisciplinary research teams.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Dongyang Sun, Wenyuan Zheng, Jixuan Yu, Ji Li
Summary: This article introduces the architecture and control strategy of a wind storage hydrogen-generating power station to improve the permeability of wind power and address the issue of wind curtailment. By utilizing distributed energy storage and electric hydrogen production devices, the power station participates in grid frequency regulation and achieves matching between low-frequency and high-frequency power commands. The effectiveness and rationality of this control strategy are verified.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katie Langin
Summary: Interviews with Science reveal that the history of mental health treatment can be a disqualifier.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Janos Meszaros, Jusaku Minari, Isabelle Huys
Summary: Despite the promising future of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare services and medical research, there are legal and ethical challenges to its application. The European Union (EU) is addressing these issues by utilizing existing legal frameworks and proposing new regulations, such as the AI Act. Currently, the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) partially regulates AI systems, particularly with regards to processing personal data and protecting individuals from solely automated decision-making. However, there are differences in the impact of GDPR on healthcare services and medical research due to the nature of decision-making involved. The proposed AI Act introduces a risk-based approach and ethical AI principles to complement GDPR in these domains. While it may take some time for the AI Act to come into force, its goals are expected to be realized beforehand.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Ru Guo, Xiaodong Qiu, Yiyi He
Summary: Central and East European countries are attractive to investors as emerging markets. There is resource complementarity between China and CEE countries in terms of agricultural cooperation potential, but the current cooperation is intermittent and episodic, not matching the high level of complementarity in agricultural production factors.
Review
Information Science & Library Science
Marc Riar, Benedikt Morschheuser, Ruediger Zarnekow, Juho Hamari
Summary: This study examines how gamification motivates cooperation and its effects in cooperative contexts. By theorizing a framework for gamifying cooperation, the research reviews existing literature and proposes future research agenda points for exploring gamifying cooperative activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Economics
A. McClean, O. W. Pedersen
Summary: Geothermal energy has the potential to play a key role in decarbonizing building heating in the UK, but it is currently underutilized due to a lack of clear regulatory framework and financial support. This article identifies the environmental and financial risks of geothermal energy and recommends reform of the regulatory regime to address these issues. It also highlights the need for financial incentives to encourage the growth of the geothermal energy industry.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
S. Kelly, P. Redmond, S. King, C. Oliver-Williams, G. Lame, E. Liberati, I Kuhn, C. Winter, T. Draycott, M. Dixon-Woods, J. Burt
Summary: This systematic review on training healthcare professionals in intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring found little evidence of impact on neonatal outcomes. More research is needed to improve the evidence base for training in this area.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carolyn Tarrant, Andrew M. Colman, David R. Jenkins, Edmund Chattoe-Brown, Nelun Perera, Shaheen Mehtar, W. M. I. Dilini Nakkawita, Michele Bolscher, Eva M. Krockow
Summary: This study identified multi-level influences on broad-spectrum antibiotic overuse, with drivers found at individual, social, and structural levels. Structural drivers varied significantly across environments, highlighting the need for antimicrobial stewardship efforts to address context-specific conditions.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elizabeth Sutton, Julian Bion, Russell Mannion, Janet Willars, Elizabeth Shaw, Carolyn Tarrant
Summary: Most NHS hospital trusts in England responded to the introduction of national standards for 7-day services by focusing on hitting targets and achieving compliance with the standards. Compliance-based responses were associated with a hierarchical organisational culture and focus on external performance. Trusts that took a commitment-based approach tended to have a developmental organisational culture and a history of higher performance across the board.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Candice Bonaconsa, Oluchi Mbamalu, Marc Mendelson, Adam Boutall, Claire Warden, Shreya Rayamajhi, Tim Pennel, Mark Hampton, Ivan Joubert, Carolyn Tarrant, Alison Holmes, Esmita Charani
Summary: The study found that team dynamics and communication patterns influence infection management and AMS behaviours in surgical teams. Different specialties have varying discussions on infection-related topics during ward rounds, with registrars and consultants dominating the discussions and limiting the input of other team members. Leadership styles also play a role in determining the active engagement of nurses and patients in discussions on infection management and antibiotic therapy.
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carolyn Tarrant, Eva M. Krockow
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Eva M. Krockow, Carolyn Tarrant, Andrew M. Colman
Summary: The prescribing of antibiotics can be seen as a social dilemma where the overuse of antibiotics for immediate risks to individual patients can result in a suboptimal outcome for society in the long run. Doctors face the challenge of balancing individual patient interests with the collective good when prescribing antibiotics.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Carol Sinnott, Jordan M. Moxey, Sonja Marjanovic, Brandi Leach, Lucy Hocking, Sarah Ball, Alexandros Georgiadis, Guillaume Lame, Janet Willars, Mary Dixon-Woods
Summary: Although problems that impair task completion, known as operational failures, have been little studied, this research quantified the time GPs spend on different activities during clinical sessions and identified the nature and impact of operational failures. The study showed that operational failures disrupt patient care, impair experiences of work, and impose burden in an already pressurised system, highlighting the need for coordinated action to support GPs.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Mary Dixon-Woods, Emma L. Aveling, Anne Campbell, Akbar Ansari, Carolyn Tarrant, Janet Willars, Peter Pronovost, Imogen Mitchell, David W. Bates, Christian Dankers, James McGowan, Graham Martin
Summary: Healthcare workers are an important source of information about safety concerns, but failures of voice persist. This study found that determining what can be voiced is not simply a matter of applying objective criteria, but involves discretionary judgement in specific organizational and cultural contexts. The determination of voiceable concerns is not solely based on the features of the concern, but also on whether the person who noticed the concern felt it was voiceable.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH & POLICY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elisa Liberati, Natalie Richards, Jennie Parker, Janet Willars, David Scott, Nicola Boydell, Vanessa Pinfold, Graham Martin, Peter B. Jones, Mary Dixon-Woods
Summary: This study examines the experiences of accessing mental health services during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, using the concept of candidacy. The findings indicate that the pandemic-induced service changes had significant effects on people's eligibility for care, reshaping their perceptions of what issues deserved attention and their entitlement to care. Healthcare professionals faced complex decisions and ethical dilemmas regarding care provision, which could impact equity.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Graham Martin, Sarah Chew, Imelda McCarthy, Jeremy Dawson, Mary Dixon-Woods
Summary: The NHS in England has implemented policies aimed at increasing openness and transparency regarding quality and safety. The evaluation of these policies reveals a mixed picture, influenced by organizational history and heterogeneity. Key conditions for sustained progress in improving openness include authentic integration into organizational mission, effective administrative systems, flexibility in implementation, and a spirit of continuous inquiry and improvement.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH & POLICY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Surya Surendran, Enrique Castro-Sanchez, Vrinda Nampoothiri, Shiny Joseph, Sanjeev Singh, Carolyn Tarrant, Alison Holmes, Esmita Charani
Summary: This study investigates the roles of patient carers in infection-related care on surgical wards in a South Indian hospital. The findings reveal that carers play important but unrecognized roles in patient care, actively participating in personal and clinical care activities. However, there is a misalignment between their actual roles and how they are positioned by the organization and healthcare workers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carolyn Tarrant, Rachel Lewis, Natalie Armstrong
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elizabeth Sutton, Natalie Armstrong, Louise Locock, Simon Conroy, Carolyn Tarrant
Summary: This study aims to investigate the use, potential negative consequences, and effective conditions of visual identifiers for patients with dementia. Through case studies and interviews with experts and patients, it was found that visual identifiers can facilitate personalized care, resource prioritization, and coordination of care. However, inconsistent standards, lack of individual patient information, and stigma associated with dementia diagnosis can undermine their effectiveness. Optimizing the use of identifiers requires consensus, support, training, and meaningful engagement with caregivers and patients.
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katie W. Cornthwaite, Pauline Hewitt, Jan van Der Scheer, Imogen A. F. Brown, Jenni Burt, Eliane Dufresne, Mary Dixon-Woods, Tim Draycott, ABC Contributor Gr, Thiscovery Authorship Grp, Rachna Bahl
Summary: This study aimed to assess the views, understanding, and current practices of maternity professionals regarding impacted fetal head at cesarean birth, in order to provide guidance on standardized definition, clinical management approaches, and training. The findings showed a high level of agreement on the definition of impacted fetal head and the need for a multi-professional team approach to management. There was also a significant demand for training in the management of impacted fetal head.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samantha Horn, Yana Litovsky, George Loewenstein
Summary: This study suggests that curiosity can be a useful tool in increasing demand for and engagement with aversive health information. By manipulating curiosity through various methods, researchers found that participants were more likely to view and engage with information about their drinking habits, cancer risk, and the sugar content in drinks. Overall, curiosity prompts provide a simple and effective way to increase engagement with aversive health information.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sandra Gillner
Summary: Despite high expectations, the extensive and rapid adoption of AI in medical diagnostics has not been realized. This study investigates the perception and navigation of AI providers in complex healthcare systems, revealing their self-organization to increase adaptability and the practices utilized to mitigate tensions within the healthcare subsystems.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fabian Duartea, Alvaro Jimenez-Molina
Summary: This study found that violence related to social protest has a significant impact on depressive symptoms, leading to an increase in depression among the population in Chile. The effect varies by gender and age, with a stronger influence on men and young adults.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nick Graetz, Carl Gershenson, Sonya R. Porter, Danielle H. Sandler, Emily Lemmerman, Matthew Desmond
Summary: Investments in stable, affordable housing may be an important tool for improving population health. This study, using administrative data, found that high rent burden, increases in rent burden during midlife, and evictions were associated with increased mortality.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wan Wei
Summary: This study explores the phenomenon of other patient participation in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), uncovering the various roles that third parties can assume during medical interactions. The findings contribute to existing research on patient resistance and triadic medical interactions, providing insights into the dynamics and implications of third-party involvement in medical consultations.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Harry Scarbrough, Katie Rose M. Sanfilippo, Alexandra Ziemann, Charitini Stavropoulou
Summary: This paper examines the contribution of pilot implementation studies to the wider spread and sustainability of innovation in healthcare systems. Through an empirical examination of an innovation intermediary organization in the English NHS, the study finds that their work in mobilizing pilot-based evidence involves configuring to context, transitioning evidence, and managing the transition. The findings contribute to theory by showing how intermediary roles can support the effective transitioning of pilot-based evidence, leading to more widespread adoption and sustainability of innovation.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marta Seiz, Leire Salazar, Tatiana Eremenko
Summary: This study examines the impact of maternal educational selection on birth outcomes during an economic recession, and finds that more educated mothers are more likely to give birth during high unemployment periods. Additionally, maternal education mitigates the adverse effects of unemployment on birth outcomes and is consistently associated with better perinatal health.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jingyuan Shi, Hye Kyung Kim, Charles T. Salmon, Edson C. Tandoc Jr, Zhang Hao Goh
Summary: This study examines the influence of individual and collective norms on COVID-19 vaccination intention across eight Asian countries. The findings reveal nuanced patterns of how individual and collective social norms influence health behavioral decisions, depending on the degree of cultural tightness-looseness.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elliot Friedman, Melissa Franks, Elizabeth Teas, Patricia A. Thomas
Summary: This study found that positive relations with others have a significant impact on functional limitations and longevity in aging adults, independent of social integration and social support.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhuolin Pan, Yuqi Liu, Ye Liu, Ziwen Huo, Wenchao Han
Summary: This study examines the effects of age-friendly neighbourhood environment and functional abilities on life satisfaction among older adults in urban China. The findings highlight the importance of transportation, housing, and social and physical environment factors in influencing functional abilities and life satisfaction. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers in enhancing older adults' life satisfaction in the Chinese urban context.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2024)