Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Li, Wen Meng, Tian Ci Liu, Yi Zhao Wang, Man Zhang
Summary: This study explores the sex differences in lipid metabolism through urinary exosome proteins. It identifies fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a potential biomarker for fatty acid synthesis, showing higher levels in healthy males compared to females. Furthermore, the concentration of FASN is positively correlated with serum triglyceride levels, suggesting its potential as a marker for lipid metabolism.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Adele E. Cave, Robert J. Barry
Summary: This study explored the differences in resting EEG between young adult females and males, revealing significant differences in neuronal activity across various bands between the two genders. Females showed greater amplitudes in certain frequency bands, and exhibited different patterns of reactivity between eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Martin Salo, Malin Carvahlo Nejstgaard, Mette Hambraeus, Christina Graneli, Anna Borjesson, Kristine Hagelsteen, Pernilla Stenstrom
Summary: This study developed and evaluated a Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (LUTD) questionnaire based on definitions by the International Children's Continence Society. Daytime urinary incontinence was found to be the most common lower urinary tract symptom overall, with girls reporting urinary tract infections more frequently than boys.
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexander T. Carswell, Sarah Jackson, Paul Swinton, Thomas J. O'Leary, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, Samuel J. Oliver, Craig Sale, Rachel M. Izard, Neil P. Walsh, William D. Fraser, Julie P. Greeves
Summary: This study found that there are associations between serum vitamin D metabolites and physical performance. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is negatively correlated with 2.4-km run time and positively correlated with muscle power, while 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) is positively correlated with run time and negatively correlated with strength and muscle power. 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)(2)D) is negatively correlated with run time. The vitamin D metabolites together explain a small portion of variance in physical performance. VDR SNPs are not associated with physical performance.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Noora Tuovinen, Nursen Yalcin-Siedentopf, Anna-Sophia Welte, Christian M. Siedentopf, Ruth Steiger, Elke R. Gizewski, Alex Hofer
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between personality traits, behavioral measures, and metabolite ratios, finding gender differences in metabolite correlates and personality traits.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ting Yin, Xu Zhu, Iokfai Cheang, Yufei Zhou, Shengen Liao, Xinyi Lu, Yanli Zhou, Wenming Yao, Xinli Li, Haifeng Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between urinary phenols, parabens metabolites, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The findings suggested that high combined levels of phenols and parabens are associated with an increased CVD risk, with urinary bisphenol A (URBPA) contributing the highest risk.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fang Wang, Yuying Wang, Yu Wang, Teng Jia, Li Chang, Jie Ding, Li Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hypertension, and found a positive dose-response relationship between high exposure to certain PAH metabolites and the risk of hypertension. Obese individuals with high PAH exposure were at greater risk for hypertension than individuals with low PAH exposure and normal BMI.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hao Wang, Yixin Cui, Fan Zhang, Ruihan Song, Longzhu Zhao, Miaomiao Han, Xiaoli Shen
Summary: Phthalate metabolites have been detected in urine of most US population and pose a public health problem. However, the association between phthalate metabolites and hyperuricemia has been under-studied. This study aimed to evaluate the association between phthalate metabolites and hyperuricemia in US adults. The results indicate that several urinary phthalate metabolites are positively associated with the odds of hyperuricemia.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nga Thi Thu Tran, Christopher Leigh Blizzard, Khue Ngoc Luong, Ngoc Le Van Ngoc Truong, Bao Quoc Tran, Petr Otahal, Mark R. Nelson, Costan G. Magnussen, Tan Van Bui, Velandai Srikanth, Thuy Bich Au, Son Thai Ha, Hai Ngoc Phung, Mai Hoang Tran, Michele Callisaya, Seana Gall
Summary: A study in Vietnam found that there is a significant increase in total cholesterol levels for women at age 50, surpassing those of men in the same age group. This increase cannot be explained by age, body fatness or distribution, socio-demographic characteristics or behavioral factors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica A. Peterson, Cameron Lohman, Rebecca Larson, Michael G. Bemben, Christopher Black
Summary: This study found that males have higher pain thresholds than females, and lean mass is associated with pain thresholds. However, lean mass does not statistically mediate gender differences in pain thresholds.
JOURNAL OF PAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Francesca Di Cesare, Matteo Calgaro, Veronica Ghini, Diletta Francesca Squarzanti, Annachiara De Prisco, Annalisa Visciglia, Paola Zanetta, Roberta Rolla, Paola Savoia, Angela Amoruso, Barbara Azzimonti, Nicola Vitulo, Leonardo Tenori, Claudio Luchinat, Marco Pane
Summary: This study investigated the effects of probiotic treatment on the metabolic profiles of human urine and serum using NMR-based metabonomic approach. The results showed significant impacts of probiotics on urinary and serum metabolomes, without altering their phenotypes. The study demonstrated the variations of metabolite levels resulting from different probiotic posologies.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Binbin Su, Xiaoxuan Zhu, Kai Yang, Yunfan Xiao, Chunmei Li, Keai Shi, Jia Qu, Fan Lu, Ming Li, Lele Cui
Summary: To assess age- and sex-related changes in the retinal capillary plexus, this study measured vessel densities in the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus of healthy Chinese adults. The results showed that the deep retinal capillary plexus had an earlier and more rapid decrease in vessel density compared to the superficial capillary plexus. The effect of aging on the deep retinal capillary plexus was also found to be sex-dependent.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruxianguli Aimuzi, Zhilan Xie, Yimin Qu, Yu Jiang, Kai Luo
Summary: This study found that certain organophosphate esters (OPEs) metabolites were positively associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). On the other hand, a healthy diet showed an inverse association with both MAFLD and NAFLD. Individuals with a healthier diet had lower levels of OPEs metabolites and lower odds of having NAFLD and MAFLD.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bei-jing Cheng, Pei-ru Xu, Rong Wei, Xiu-de Li, Jie Sheng, Su-fang Wang, Kai-yong Liu, Gui-mei Chen, Fang-biao Tao, Qu-nan Wang, Lin-sheng Yang
Summary: This study found that Chinese community-dwelling older adults are extensively exposed to phthalates, especially DBP and DEHP. Females, higher BMI, smoking, having two or more chronic diseases, and vegetable-based diets are significantly associated with higher levels of certain phthalate metabolites. Additionally, rural older adults have higher levels of HMW phthalate metabolites and lower levels of LMW phthalate metabolites compared to urban older adults.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jona Elings Knutsson, Alexander Andersson, Lasse Vestli Baekken, Anton Pohanka, Lena Ekstrom, Angelica Linden Hirschberg
Summary: Exogenous testosterone administration in young healthy women resulted in increased levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in serum, while sex hormone-binding globulin and 17-hydroxyprogesterone decreased. Urine analysis showed increases in testosterone and 5 alpha-androstanediol. Serum total testosterone levels could be a potential marker for detecting doping in women, as the testosterone/epitestosterone ratio alone may not be sufficient.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jonathan J. Herrera, Kaitlyn Pifer, Sean Louzon, Danielle Leander, Oliver Fiehn, Sharlene M. Day, Richard A. Miller, Michael Garratt
Summary: Pharmacological treatments can extend the life span of mice, and for optimal translation in humans, treatments should improve health during aging and demonstrate efficacy when started later in life. Acarbose (ACA) and rapamycin (RAP) have been shown to extend life span in mice, regardless of the age at which treatment is started. Both drugs can also improve some indices of healthy aging, although there has been little systematic study of whether health benefits accrue differently depending on the age at which treatment is started.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guanhong Miao, Jason Deen, Joseph B. Struzeski, Mingjing Chen, Ying Zhang, Shelley A. Cole, Amanda M. Fretts, Elisa T. Lee, Barbara Howard, Oliver Fiehn, Jinying Zhao
Summary: This study found that dyslipidemia is associated with depression, but the specific lipid species associated with depression are not well understood. The temporal relationship between lipid metabolism and the development of depression also needs further investigation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Nathanial C. Stevens, Veneese J. Brown, Morgan C. Domanico, Patricia C. Edwards, Laura S. Van Winkle, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: Acute ozone exposure exacerbates characteristics of asthma, potentially through altering sphingolipid metabolism in the lung. Combined ozone and allergen exposure increases airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and eosinophilia, accompanied by elevated levels of glycosphingolipids.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Y. Fong, Kay Huebner, Ruiyan Jing, Karl J. Smalley, Christopher R. Brydges, Oliver Fiehn, John L. Farber, Carlo M. Croce
Summary: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is associated with Zn deficiency (ZD), inflammation, and overexpression of oncogenic microRNAs: miR-31 and miR-21. In a ZD-promoted ESCC rat model, systemic delivery of Zn-regulated antimiR-31 and antimiR-21 suppressed the inflammatory pathway and restored expression of tumor-suppressor proteins, leading to a decrease in ESCC incidence. The results suggest that Zn treatment or silencing of miR-31/21 could be effective therapeutic strategies for ESCC.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Teresa Buckner, Randi K. Johnson, Lauren A. Vanderlinden, Patrick M. Carry, Alex Romero, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Wei-Min Chen, Oliver Fiehn, Brigitte I. Frohnert, Tessa Crume, Wei Perng, Katerina Kechris, Marian Rewers, Jill M. Norris
Summary: This study developed a nutrient pattern related to oxylipin profiles and tested its association with the risk of type 1 diabetes among youth. The first nutrient pattern (NP1) was negatively associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in the nested case-control study.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bruce A. Watkins, John W. Newman, George A. Kuchel, Oliver Fiehn, Jeffrey Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and found that DHA-enriched diet can alter energy metabolism and fatty acid metabolism, reducing the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Article
Forestry
Sebastian L. Sepulveda, David B. Neale, Jason A. Holliday, Randi Famula, Oliver Fiehn, Brian J. Stanton, Fernando P. Guerra
Summary: This study evaluated the response of black cottonwood to aspen borer infestation by conducting a common garden trial in Davis, California. A genome-wide association study identified three SNP markers associated with insect attack, which encode proteins involved in signal transduction mechanisms and secondary metabolite production. These findings help expand the understanding of the defensive response mechanisms of black cottonwood against wood borer insects.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacob Folz, Rebecca Neal Culver, Juan Montes Morales, Jessica Grembi, George Triadafilopoulos, David A. Relman, Kerwyn Casey Huang, Dari Shalon, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: This study used a non-invasive, ingestible sampling device to collect and analyze intestinal samples and stool samples from 15 healthy participants. The research found significant differences in food metabolites between stool and intestines, and the intestinal metabolome can reflect the connection between diet, host, and microbial metabolism.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elys P. Rodriguez, Yuanyue Li, Arpana Vaniya, Patrick M. Shih, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: Glycosylation of metabolites has various purposes, such as improving solubility, biodistribution, stability, and detoxification. Traditional identification methods using mass spectrometry were not effective for all glycosides. In this study, the researchers created an in silico-glycosylated product MS/MS library to quickly and accurately identify glycosylated natural products using standard MS/MS search algorithms. This library allowed the annotation of 108 novel glycosides in chocolate and tea metabolomics data without the need for authentic chemical standards.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Dinesh K. Barupal, Mark L. Ramos, Andrea A. Florio, William A. Wheeler, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Demetrius Albanes, Oliver Fiehn, Barry I. Graubard, Jessica L. Petrick, Katherine A. Mcglynn
Summary: In pre-disposed individuals, reprogramming of hepatic lipid metabolism may contribute to liver cancer initiation. Through analysis of pre-diagnostic serum samples, we identified specific lipids that are associated with liver cancer risk. The study findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the pro-cancer metabolic changes in the liver.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuanyue Li, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: This study demonstrates that using flash entropy search can significantly accelerate the speed of mass spectral similarity searches without compromising accuracy. The algorithm allows for quick querying of a large number of spectra, with minimal memory overhead for mass spectrometry laboratories.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomas Cajka, Jiri Hricko, Lucie Rudl Kulhava, Michaela Paucova, Michaela Novakova, Oliver Fiehn, Ondrej Kuda
Summary: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is crucial for analyzing complex lipids in biological samples. The impact of organic solvent quality in LC-MS analysis is often overlooked and can affect the reliability of the data. Annotation of complex lipids is prone to biases, leading to potential misidentifications and incomplete characterization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Zhang, Sili Fan, Gert Wohlgemuth, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: This article compares different normalization methods in large-scale metabolomics assays and proposes a new method called SERDA, which can effectively handle systematic errors caused by instrumental signal drifting. The results show that SERDA demonstrates superior performance in GC-MS metabolomics experiments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Zhang, Dinesh K. Barupal, Sili Fan, Bei Gao, Chao Zhu, Ann M. Flenniken, Colin Mckerlie, Lauryl M. J. Nutter, Kevin C. Kent Lloyd, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: The effects of loss-of-function mutations in 30 different gene knockout lines on plasma metabolites were investigated, revealing significant genotype effects on plasma metabolites in 22% of the 23,698 knockout vs wildtype comparison tests, and sexually dimorphic changes in many metabolites in knockout lines. The study emphasizes the importance of considering sex as a critical factor in the biological interpretation of gene functions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jayce E. Taylor, Dileep Sai Kumar Palur, Angela Zhang, Jake N. Gonzales, Augustine Arredondo, Timothy A. Coulther, Amiruddin Bin Johan Lechner, Elys P. Rodriguez, Oliver Fiehn, John Didzbalis, Justin B. Siegel, Shota Atsumi
Summary: Due to the rise in obesity and diabetes, consumers are searching for ways to reduce sugar intake without sacrificing taste. D-psicose is a promising sugar substitute with perfect palatability. However, current methods of production are inefficient and costly, limiting accessibility. In this study, researchers discovered a thermodynamically favorable pathway for D-psicose production in E. coli. Through genetic modifications and dynamic regulation, they successfully produced D-psicose with high yield and viability. These results show the potential of whole-cell catalysis as a sustainable alternative to current production methods.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2023)