Article
Neurosciences
Tiffany C. Ho, Boris Gutman, Elena Pozzi, Hans J. Grabe, Norbert Hosten, Katharina Wittfeld, Henry Voelzke, Bernhard Baune, Udo Dannlowski, Katharina Foerster, Dominik Grotegerd, Ronny Redlich, Andreas Jansen, Tilo Kircher, Axel Krug, Susanne Meinert, Igor Nenadic, Nils Opel, Richard Dinga, Dick J. Veltman, Knut Schnell, Ilya Veer, Henrik Walter, Ian H. Gotlib, Matthew D. Sacchet, Andre Aleman, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dan J. Stein, Meng Li, Martin Walter, Christopher R. K. Ching, Neda Jahanshad, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Dmitry Isaev, Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Paul M. Thompson, Philipp G. Saemann, Lianne Schmaal
Summary: This study investigated the differences in subcortical shape between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls. The results showed that both adolescent-onset MDD and recurrent MDD patients had lower thickness and surface area in certain subcortical regions compared to healthy controls.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Maria Bloechl, H. Lina Schaare, Deniz Kumral, Michael Gaebler, Steffen Nestler, Arno Villringer
Summary: The study did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that disconnection of white matter tracts underlies the association between vascular risk factor burden and depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of using longitudinal data to directly test pathways linking vascular and mental health.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yeqing Gu, Tingjing Zhang, Jinhan Wang, Yanqi Song, Ge Meng, Hongmei Wu, Shunming Zhang, Xuena Wang, Juanjuan Zhang, Xinran Lu, Qiang Liu, Tao Huang, Jian Yang, Kaijun Niu
Summary: This study examines whether higher muscle strength is associated with a lower risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), regardless of genetic risk, among middle-aged and older adults. The results show a significant association between higher muscle strength and lower MDD risk, regardless of genetic risk. Therefore, it is recommended that muscle strength improvement should be encouraged for all individuals, including those with a high genetic risk for MDD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yan Fu, Yan Sun, Zhi-Bo Wang, Dan-Dan Zhang, Lan Tan, Jian-Feng Feng, Wei Cheng, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: This study used the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metric to define cardiovascular and brain health and found that ideal LS7 cardiovascular health factors are associated with both macrostructural and microstructural markers of brain health. The results suggest that better LS7 profiles are linked to better brain health.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mingyang Wu, Junqing Xie, Ziyi Zhou, Lulin Wang, Yonghua Hu, Yu Sun, Youjie Wang, Yaohua Tian
Summary: The study found that high levels of vitamin D and physical activity may attenuate the relationship between PM2.5 and major depressive disorder among elderly adults.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Michael K. Sullivan, Bhautesh Dinesh Jani, Jennifer S. Lees, Claire E. Welsh, Alex McConnachie, Bethany Stanley, Paul Welsh, Barbara Nicholl, Donald M. Lyall, Juan-Jesus Carrero, Dorothea Nitsch, Naveed Sattar, Frances S. Mair, Patrick B. Mark
Summary: The study found that multimorbidity, especially cardiometabolic multimorbidity, is a risk factor for major adverse kidney events. Future research should focus on high-risk groups based on the number and type of long-term conditions they have.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wooyoung Kang, Youbin Kang, Aram Kim, Hyeyoung Kim, Kyu-Man Han, Byung-Joo Ham
Summary: This study aimed to identify gray and white matter abnormalities in MDD patients who experienced childhood adversity. The results showed decreased gray matter in the left rectus and reduced white matter connectivity in various regions including the corpus callosum and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Childhood adversity was found to be negatively correlated with white matter connectivity. These findings suggest that MDD is associated with gray matter atrophy and white matter connectivity changes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Helen Macpherson, Sarah A. McNaughton, Karen E. Lamb, Catherine M. Milte
Summary: This study found that higher diet quality is associated with larger grey matter, total volume, and white matter volume in midlife, with a more prominent association in men. These results suggest that diet quality may impact brain structure potentially decades before the onset of dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
M. J. Bosma, S. R. Cox, T. Ziermans, C. R. Buchanan, X. Shen, E. M. Tucker-Drob, M. J. Adams, H. C. Whalley, S. M. Lawrie
Summary: This study reveals that lower global white matter microstructure is associated with having PLEs in combination with distress, suggesting a direction of future research. Additionally, it replicates the finding that processing speed mediates the relationship between white matter microstructure and g-factor.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Junichi Takahashi, Yoji Hirano, Kenichiro Miura, Kentaro Morita, Michiko Fujimoto, Hidenaga Yamamori, Yuka Yasuda, Noriko Kudo, Emiko Shishido, Kosuke Okazaki, Tomoko Shiino, Tomohiro Nakao, Kiyoto Kasai, Ryota Hashimoto, Toshiaki Onitsuka
Summary: The study suggests that detailed eye movement tests can assist in differentiating MDD from healthy controls, especially in older subjects.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Elisa Araldi, Catherine R. Jutzeler, Michael Ristow
Summary: Lithium, a trace element and psychiatric drug, has been found to extend lifespan in animal models and correlate with human longevity when taken through drinking water. A large observational study of individuals diagnosed with affective disorders found that therapeutic lithium supplementation was associated with decreased mortality. Further analysis showed that lithium had the strongest effect on increasing survival compared to other anti-psychotic drugs. However, it is important to note that close supervision by medical professionals is necessary for the use of lithium in the recommended doses.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Atef Badji, Julien Cohen-Adad, Helene Girouard
Summary: This study found that peripheral pulse pressure (PP) is a better predictor of white matter integrity than arterial stiffness index (ASI), especially before the age of 75. Interestingly, there is no significant relationship between peripheral PP or ASI and white matter integrity after the age of 75.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dankang Li, Junqing Xie, Lulin Wang, Yu Sun, Yonghua Hu, Yaohua Tian
Summary: This study based on the UK Biobank found that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD). The study also revealed that there is an interaction between genetic susceptibility and lifestyle with air pollution in relation to MDD risk. It suggests that identifying high-risk individuals and promoting healthy lifestyles can mitigate the harmful effects of air pollution on mental health.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mahima Kapoor, Ian Hunt, Jennifer Spillane, Laura Jayne Bonnett, Elspeth Jane Hutton, James McFadyen, John-Paul Westwood, Michael P. Lunn, Aisling S. Carr, Mary M. Reilly
Summary: This study aimed to calculate the risk of arterial and venous thromboembolic events (TEEs) associated with exposure to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The study found that IVIG exposure was independently associated with increased risk of TEEs in individuals with prior history of an event. However, IVIG exposure did not increase the risk of TEEs in individuals with no previous history.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Anna B. Chaplin, Peter B. Jones, Golam M. Khandaker
Summary: Sexual and physical abuse are significant risk factors for depression/depressive symptoms, particularly regarding suicidal behaviors. Further longitudinal research is needed to investigate sex-specific associations for individual depressive symptoms.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
M. J. Bosma, S. R. Cox, T. Ziermans, C. R. Buchanan, X. Shen, E. M. Tucker-Drob, M. J. Adams, H. C. Whalley, S. M. Lawrie
Summary: This study reveals that lower global white matter microstructure is associated with having PLEs in combination with distress, suggesting a direction of future research. Additionally, it replicates the finding that processing speed mediates the relationship between white matter microstructure and g-factor.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aurore Delvenne, Johan Gobom, Betty Tijms, Isabelle Bos, Lianne M. Reus, Valerija Dobricic, Mara Ten Kate, Frans Verhey, Inez Ramakers, Philip Scheltens, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Rik Vandenberghe, Jolien Schaeverbeke, Silvy Gabel, Julius Popp, Gwendoline Peyratout, Pablo Martinez-Lage, Mikel Tainta, Magda Tsolaki, Yvonne Freund-Levi, Simon Lovestone, Johannes Streffer, Frederik Barkhof, Lars Bertram, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Pieter Jelle Visser, Stephanie J. B. Vos
Summary: The pathophysiology of MCI-SNAP is distinct from that of MCI-AD, highlighting the need for different treatment approaches.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hon Wah Yeung, Aleks Stolicyn, Colin R. R. Buchanan, Elliot M. M. Tucker-Drob, Mark E. E. Bastin, Saturnino Luz, Andrew M. M. McIntosh, Heather C. C. Whalley, Simon R. R. Cox, Keith Smith
Summary: By applying advanced and computationally expensive machine learning techniques to large neuroimaging datasets, researchers aim to uncover key differences in the human brain related to sex, age, cognitive function, and psychopathology. However, in this study, the complexity of the models did not improve the detection of associations between brain structural connectivity and complex phenotypes, likely due to the current sample size limitation.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Molly R. Davies, Kiran Glen, Jessica Mundy, Abigail R. Ter Kuile, Brett N. Adey, Cherie Armour, Elham Assary, Jonathan R. Coleman, Kimberley A. Goldsmith, Colette R. Hirsch, Matthew Hotopf, Christopher Hubel, Ian R. Jones, Gursharan Kalsi, Georgina Krebs, Andrew M. McIntosh, Genevieve Morneau-Vaillancourt, Alicia J. Peel, Kirstin L. Purves, Sang Hyuck Lee, Megan Skelton, Daniel J. Smith, David Veale, James T. R. Walters, Katherine S. Young, Johan Zvrskovec, Gerome Breen, Thalia C. Eley
Summary: This study examined the association between anxiety disorders and comorbidity with major depressive disorder (MDD). The findings suggest that anxiety-anxiety comorbidity and anxiety-MDD have higher clinical severity and complexity compared to single anxiety or MDD alone, with distinct features. Further research is needed to investigate anxiety disorders and comorbidity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Malik Nassan, Iyas Daghlas, Ignazio S. Piras, Emily Rogalski, Lianne M. Reus, Yolande Pijnenburg, Leah K. Cuddy, Richa Saxena, M-Marsel Mesulam, Matt Huentelman
Summary: This study used genetic approaches to find that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition is associated with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, but not with Lewy body dementia or vascular dementia. These results provide evidence for further research on the neurocognitive effects of ACE inhibition.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Donncha S. Mullin, Lucy E. Stirland, Emily Buchanan, Catherine-Anne Convery, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Cinzia Giuntoli, Holly Greer, Danielle Page, Elizabeth Robertson, Susan D. Shenkin, Anna Szalek, Adele Taylor, Georgina Weatherdon, Tim Wilkinson, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study presents a systematic framework for identifying dementia in cohort studies and reports the incidence and prevalence of all-cause dementia and dementia subtypes in the LBC1936. The study found that self-reported dementia diagnoses only accounted for 17.8% of ascertained dementia diagnoses. Through clinician assessments and consensus diagnostic review, the prevalence of all-cause dementia was found to be 13.6%, increasing with age. Women had higher prevalence rates in almost all age groups. The most common subtype was dementia due to Alzheimer disease (49.2%), followed by mixed Alzheimer and cerebrovascular disease (17.0%), dementia of unknown or unspecified cause (16.1%), and dementia due to vascular disease (8.5%).
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. Furtjes, Ryan Arathimos, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, James H. Cole, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Javier de la Fuente, James W. Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Stuart J. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms of cognitive decline can help detect health issues in late life. This study explores the genetic links between brain morphometry, aging, and cognitive ability using Genomic Principal Components Analysis. The analysis reveals moderate shared genetic etiology between brain-wide morphometry and cognitive aging, suggesting a potential genetic basis for age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashleigh C. Duthie, Jean Hannah, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniel J. Smith, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study investigated the association between lithium levels in drinking water and the rate of dementia using data from the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. The results showed that lithium levels in drinking water are very low in Scotland, and extremely low levels of lithium are not associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, there was a slight trend towards increased risk in females at lithium levels below 2.1 mu g/L.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jiayue-Clara Jiang, Chenwen Hu, Andrew M. McIntosh, Sonia Shah
Summary: Observational studies and randomized controlled trials have shown inconsistent findings on the effects of cholesterol-lowering statins on depression. It is still uncertain whether statins have any beneficial effects on depression, and if so, what the underlying molecular mechanisms are. Genomic approaches were used to investigate this further.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Nina MacKenzie, Daniel J. Smith, Stephen M. Lawrie, Andrew M. Rome, David McCartney
Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of a residential rehabilitation program for substance misuse over a 4-year period. The results showed that attending the program was associated with increased rates of abstinence, reduced alcohol use, and improvements in psychological well-being and harm reduction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aleks Stolicyn, Laura M. Lyall, Donald M. Lyall, Nikolaj Kjaer Hoier, Mark J. Adams, Xueyi Shen, James H. Cole, Andrew M. Mcintosh, Heather C. Whalley, Daniel J. Smith
Summary: Sleeping longer or shorter than recommended is associated with differences in brain structure, indicating potential implications for brain health. Longer sleep duration is associated with various structural differences, while shorter sleep duration is linked to lower cortical surface area.