4.7 Article

First-Principles Study of Sodium Intercalation in Crystalline Nax Si24 (0 ≤ x ≤ 4) as Anode Material for Na-ion Batteries

Journal

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Volume 7, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05629-x

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Funding

  1. Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of the Spanish Government through Proyectos I + D Retos program (ION-STORE project) [ENE2016-81020-R]
  2. Basque Government [PRE-2016-1-0044]

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The search for Si-based anodes capable of undergoing low volume changes during electrochemical operation in rechargeable batteries is ample and active. Here we focus on crystalline Si-24, a recently discovered open-cage allotrope of silicon, to thoroughly investigate its electrochemical performance using density functional theory calculations. In particular, we examine the phase stability of NaxSi24 along the whole composition range (0 <= x <= 4), volume and voltage changes during the (de)sodiation process, and sodium ion mobility. We show that NaxSi24 forms a solid solution with minimal volume changes. Yet sodium diffusion is predicted to be insufficiently fast for facile kinetics of Na-ion intake. Considering these advantages and limitations, we discuss the potential usefulness of Si-24 as anode material for Na-ion batteries.

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