Article
Environmental Sciences
Mara Pistellato, Filippo Bergamasco, Andrea Torsello, Francesco Barbariol, Jeseon Yoo, Jin-Yong Jeong, Alvise Benetazzo
Summary: Stereo vision is a promising technique for analyzing Spatio-Temporal ocean wave fields, with high accuracy and resolution but computational expense. A novel approach using temporal dependence of subsequent frames for wave spectrum estimation is faster but still faces challenges for real-time remote sensing. Experiments show a data-driven Machine Learning approach can produce accurate surfaces at high speed on a modern PC.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bayoumy Mohamed, Frank Nilsen, Ragnheid Skogseth
Summary: This study examines the spatiotemporal evolution of marine heatwaves in the Barents Sea and finds that the region has experienced accelerated warming and an increase in the frequency and duration of marine heatwaves. The Eastern Atlantic Pattern is identified as a significant factor in controlling marine heatwave characteristics. These findings highlight the potential ecological and socio-economic consequences of marine heatwaves in the Barents Sea.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lingbin Kong, Jinyuan Xin, Wenkang Gao, Guiqian Tang, Xuemei Wang, Yuesi Wang, Wenyu Zhang, Weihua Chen, Shiguo Jia
Summary: The study used an aerosol mass spectrometer to measure the chemical composition of non-refractory submicron particles (NR-PM1) in Beijing. It found that organics were the primary component, with higher concentrations during winter when influenced by air masses from the south. Traffic resources contributed more to PM pollution than stationary resources, with organics and ammonium sulfate contributing more in polluted days.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. V. Lal, N. Lyskova, C. Zhang, T. Venturi, W. R. Forman, C. Jones, E. M. Churazov, R. J. van Weeren, A. Bonafede, N. A. Miller, I. D. Roberts, A. M. Bykov, L. Di Mascolo, M. Brueggen, G. Brunetti
Summary: We present high-resolution, high-sensitivity upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of the Coma cluster, revealing multiple associated radio sources and their morphological and equipartition properties. Additionally, interesting findings include a diffuse radio tail trailing the merging NGC 4839 group, coinciding with the X-ray slingshot tail.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Zhihua Hu, Pengjie Tao, Xiaoxiang Long, Haiyan Wang
Summary: In this study, a Shading Aware DSM Generation Method (SADGE) using high resolution multi-view satellite images is proposed. SADGE combines the advantages of stereo matching and Shape from Shading (SfS) technique to generate a more accurate DSM. The method utilizes an improved Semi-Global Matching (SGM) technique for initial surface generation and optimizes the objective function to refine the surface. Results show that SADGE outperforms a software solution for multi-view stereo in terms of accuracy and surface details.
GEO-SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alexey Ermoshkin, Alexander Molkov
Summary: Situation with ice-free Arctic seas is becoming more frequent, allowing scientists to study hard-to-reach areas. This article discusses a successful expedition in 2020 that used marine radar to study hydrophysical processes in the Arctic, including wind waves, different types of ice, and methane seeps.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Xihao Hu, X. Shirley Liu
Summary: In this study, spatial transcriptomics was used to investigate B cell immunity within intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). The researchers discovered that B cells expand and mature into plasma cells (PCs) within the TLS, migrate along fibroblastic tracks to tumor beds, and produce IgG antibodies that target cancer cells.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Juyeong Kim, Keita Yasutomi, Keiichiro Kagawa, Shoji Kawahito
Summary: This paper presents a high-linearity high-resolution time-of-flight linear-array digital image sensor using time-domain negative feedback technique. The sensor achieves high-linearity and high-range resolution in fine ToF measurement, and produces a fully digital output with a ToF measurement time of 22.4 ms.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katarzyna Bradtke
Summary: Sea surface temperature (SST) is a key hydrological variable that can be monitored via satellite, with Landsat mission potentially providing high-resolution thermal data. In this study, over 1200 satellite granules and 12 time series of in situ measurements from the Baltic Sea were used to derive NLSST coefficients and evaluate the results, with the findings indicating potential biases in coastal NLSST coefficients.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yinan Sun, Wei Jiang, Kefu Yu, Shendong Xu, Chunmei Feng, Sirong Xie, Chaoshuai Wei
Summary: The cadmium (Cd) geochemical cycle is important for the marine ecosystem, and Cd/Ca ratios in coral skeletons can be used to reconstruct historical changes in oceanic and climatic processes. The study found that surface seawater Cd contents in the northern South China Sea exhibited significant seasonal variations, with higher concentrations in the winter and lower concentrations in the summer. These variations were found to be related to surface wind speeds and the process of sediment remobilization.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhixuan Wang, Guizhi Wang, Xianghui Guo, Jianyu Hu, Minhan Dai
Summary: Salinity is an essential physical property of seawater and plays a key role in differentiating water masses in the ocean. However, high-resolution salinity data is often limited by the coverage of direct observations, which hinders its fine application in ocean processes and modeling. To overcome this limitation, researchers used a machine learning algorithm based on remote sensing data and cruise observations to reconstruct sea surface salinity (SSS) in the South China Sea. The reconstructed SSS showed good accuracy compared to observations and revealed a spatial and seasonal distribution pattern influenced by various factors.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ana B. Villas Boas, Luc Lenain, Bruce D. Cornuelle, Sarah T. Gille, Matthew R. Mazloff
Summary: This study analyzes the spectrum of sea surface height (SSH) observations collected during an airborne lidar campaign off the California coast. The results show that variance in the surface wave band is much larger than at submesoscales and that observed SSH variability is influenced by the directionality of surface waves. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding different physics contributions to SSH variability and considering the SSH spectrum as a continuum in future satellite altimetry missions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miaoyin Zhang, Xueming Zhu, Xuanliang Ji, Anmin Zhang, Jingjing Zheng
Summary: A three-dimensional model was used to study the seasonal and interannual variations of oceanic surface pCO(2) in the South China Sea. Results showed that the SCS acts as a source of atmospheric CO2 from March to October and a sink from November to February.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre M. J-C. Wadoux, Mercedes Roman Dobarco, Brendan Malone, Budiman Minasny, Alex B. McBratney, Ross Searle
Summary: This article introduces a new dataset of high-resolution gridded total soil organic carbon content data across Australia. The dataset includes six maps of soil organic carbon content at two resolutions and provides uncertainty estimates. The maps were obtained through interpolation of organic carbon measurements and validation showed small errors and adequate prediction uncertainty. These soil carbon maps are important for monitoring carbon stock changes and assessing the influence of climate change, land management, and greenhouse gas offset.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jordi Isern-Fontanet, Emilio Garcia-Ladona, Cristina Gonzalez-Haro, Antonio Turiel, Miquel Rosell-Fieschi, Joan B. Company, Antonio Padial
Summary: This study developed a method to derive the velocity field of ocean structures with characteristic lengths between 10 and 20 km from infrared SST using the SQG approach, and compared it with velocities derived from Lagrangian drifters. The results showed that the SQG approach could accurately reconstruct the direction of the velocity field with observed RMS errors between 8 and 15 degrees, and linear correlations between 0.85 and 0.99.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charel Wohl, Qinyi Li, Carlos A. Cuevas, Rafael P. Fernandez, Mingxi Yang, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Rafel Simo
Summary: Measurements of benzene and toluene in the remote Southern Ocean and the Arctic marginal ice zone suggest a marine biogenic source. Calculated emission fluxes for benzene and toluene in the Southern Ocean were 0.023 +/- 0.030 and 0.039 +/- 0.036 μmol m-2 day-1, while in the Arctic, they were 0.023 +/- 0.028 and 0.034 +/- 0.041 μmol m-2 day-1, respectively. These emissions, previously overlooked, have a significant impact on secondary organic aerosol mass concentrations, particularly over the Southern Ocean.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Delia Segato, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Anoop Sharad Mahajan, Feiyue Wang, Juan Pablo Corella, Carlos Alberto Cuevas, Tobias Erhardt, Camilla Marie Jensen, Chantal Zeppenfeld, Helle Astrid Kjaer, Clara Turetta, Warren Raymond Lee Cairns, Carlo Barbante, Andrea Spolaor
Summary: According to ice-core data and atmospheric chemistry modeling, deposition of mercury onto the Greenland Ice Sheet increased during the transition from the Last Glacial Termination to the early Holocene epoch. This increase was associated with regional climate warming and the retreat of sea ice, driven by oceanic mercury evaporation and atmospheric bromine. The findings suggest that climate change may contribute to higher mercury levels in Arctic ecosystems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Rafael P. P. Fernandez, Qinyi Li, Carlos A. A. Cuevas, Xiao Fu, Douglas E. E. Kinnison, Simone Tilmes, Anoop S. S. Mahajan, Juan Carlos Gomez Martin, Fernando Iglesias-Suarez, Ryan Hossaini, John M. C. Plane, Gunnar Myhre, Jean-Francois Lamarque
Summary: Observational evidence suggests that ocean-emitted short-lived halogens have a widespread presence in the global atmosphere. These compounds, both naturally emitted and anthropogenically amplified, have a significant cooling effect on Earth's radiative balance. This effect has increased since pre-industrial times and is projected to change further in the future.
Article
Limnology
Marti Gali, Emmanuel Devred, Gonzalo L. Perez, David J. Kieber, Rafel Simo
Summary: Photochemical reactions initiated by ultraviolet radiation can remove the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the ocean's surface layer. We quantified DMS photolysis using a satellite-based model that considers spectral irradiance attenuation, absorption by dissolved organic matter, and the apparent quantum yields (AQYs) of DMS degradation. Two alternative parameterizations for AQY estimate global DMS photolysis at 17-20 Tg S yr(-1), of which about 73% occurs in the Southern hemisphere. Simplified schemes used in current biogeochemical models overestimate DMS photolysis by around 150% globally, and we propose relevant corrections and adjustments.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
George Manville, Thomas G. Bell, Jane P. Mulcahy, Rafel Simo, Marti Gali, Anoop S. Mahajan, Shrivardhan Hulswar, Paul R. Halloran
Summary: Dimethylsulfide (DMS) emitted from the ocean plays a significant role in our planet's climate. This study investigates the variability of DMS concentrations at local scales and identifies the mechanisms driving this variability. The results show that both physical and biogeochemical processes contribute to DMS variability, with mesoscale eddies playing an important role. The study also highlights the regional differences in DMS variability and suggests that submesoscale features should be considered in DMS models and parameterizations.
Article
Limnology
Guillaume Le Gland, Marta Masdeu-Navarro, Marti Gali, Sergio M. Vallina, Matti Gralka, Flora Vincent, Otto Cordero, Assaf Vardi, Rafel Simo
Summary: In this study, the dynamics of DMSP and DMS in the ocean and their related biological processes were investigated through experiments and modeling. The results show that phytoplankton blooms can increase DMS emission, but only during a transient regime of a few weeks. Additionally, viral infection has an impact on the production and emission of DMS.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mriganka Sekhar Biswas, Prithviraj Mali, Christophe Lerot, Isabelle De Smedt, Anoop S. Mahajan
Summary: This study investigates the levels of atmospheric glyoxal in three locations in India using Multi-Axis Differential Optical Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations and compares them to satellite observations. The results show that glyoxal levels are highest in Delhi, lowest in Mahabaleshwar, and similar but slightly lower in Pune compared to Delhi. Pune exhibits significant seasonal variation in glyoxal levels.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Flavienne Bruyant, Remi Amiraux, Marie-Pier Amyot, Philippe Archambault, Lise Artigue, Lucas Barbedo de Freitas, Guislain Becu, Simon Belanger, Pascaline Bourgain, Annick Bricaud, Etienne Brouard, Camille Brunet, Tonya Burgers, Danielle Caleb, Katrine Chalut, Herve Claustre, Veronique Cornet-Barthaux, Pierre Coupel, Marine Cusa, Fanny Cusset, Laeticia Dadaglio, Marty Davelaar, Gabriele Deslongchamps, Celine Dimier, Julie Dinasquet, Dany Dumont, Brent Else, Igor Eulaers, Joannie Ferland, Gabrielle Filteau, Marie-Helene Forget, Jerome Fort, Louis Fortier, Marti Gali, Morgane Gallinari, Svend-Erik Garbus, Nicole Garcia, Catherine Gerikas Ribeiro, Colline Gombault, Priscilla Gourvil, Clemence Goyens, Cindy Grant, Pierre-Luc Grondin, Pascal Guillot, Sandrine Hillion, Rachel Hussherr, Fabien Joux, Hannah Joy-Warren, Gabriel Joyal, David Kieber, Augustin Lafond, Jose Lagunas, Patrick Lajeunesse, Catherine Lalande, Jade Lariviere, Florence Le Gall, Karine Leblanc, Mathieu Leblanc, Justine Legras, Keith Levesque, Kate-M. Lewis, Edouard Leymarie, Aude Leynaert, Thomas Linkowski, Martine Lizotte, Adriana Lopes dos Santos, Claudie Marec, Dominique Marie, Guillaume Masse, Philippe Massicotte, Atsushi Matsuoka, Lisa A. Miller, Sharif Mirshak, Nathalie Morata, Brivaela Moriceau, Philippe-Israel Morin, Simon Morisset, Anders Mosbech, Alfonso Mucci, Gabrielle Nadai, Christian Nozais, Ingrid Obernosterer, Thimote Paire, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Marie Parenteau, Noemie Pelletier, Marc Picheral, Bernard Queguiner, Patrick Raimbault, Josephine Ras, Eric Rehm, Llucia Ribot Lacosta, Jean-Francois Rontani, Blanche Saint-Beat, Julie Sansoulet, Noe Sardet, Catherine Schmechtig, Antoine Sciandra, Richard Sempere, Caroline Sevigny, Jordan Toullec, Margot Tragin, Jean-Eric Tremblay, Annie-Pier Trottier, Daniel Vaulot, Anda Vladoiu, Lei Xue, Gustavo Yunda-Guarin, Marcel Babin
Summary: The Green Edge project investigates the phytoplankton spring bloom in the Arctic Ocean and its response to environmental changes. It is a multidisciplinary collaborative project involving researchers and technicians from seven countries. The project utilizes various sampling strategies and measurement techniques to understand the changes in Arctic Ocean biology and their impacts on the future.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Marcus Falls, Raffaele Bernardello, Miguel Castrillo, Mario Acosta, Joan Llort, Marti Gali
Summary: When working with Earth system models, establishing the optimal parameter values is a challenge. This study develops a biased random key genetic algorithm to estimate model parameters and validates its effectiveness through a case study.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shrivardhan Hulswar, Rafel Simo, Marti Gali, Thomas G. Bell, Arancha Lana, Swaleha Inamdar, Paul R. Halloran, George Manville, Anoop Sharad Mahajan
Summary: This paper presents an updated estimation of global surface seawater dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatology with significant improvements in data handling and processing. The results show a decrease in the global annual mean DMS concentration compared to the previous estimation, and large regional differences are observed. The global sea-to-air flux of DMS has also decreased, with the most significant changes occurring in high concentration regions such as the polar oceans.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Susann Tegtmeier, Christa Marandino, Yue Jia, Birgit Quack, Anoop S. Mahajan
Summary: This article reviews the current progress in detecting and understanding atmospheric gas-phase composition over the Indian Ocean and its impacts on marine ecosystems. The study finds that the changing atmospheric composition over the Indian Ocean can interact with oceanic biogeochemical cycles and impact marine ecosystems, resulting in potential climate feedbacks. However, the impacts of atmospheric pollution on oceanic biogeochemistry and trace gas cycling in the Indian Ocean region are severely understudied.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Marti Gali, Marcus Falls, Herve Claustre, Olivier Aumont, Raffaele Bernardello
Summary: Oceanic particulate organic carbon (POC) is a small but dynamic component of the global carbon cycle. Recent developments in biogeochemical models have improved the understanding of POC dynamics. Evaluation of a model using global simulations and observations shows good agreement at different spatiotemporal scales, with room for improvement in resolving regional differences.
