Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shaoyu Zhao, Yingyan Zhang, Jie Yang, Sritawat Kitipornchai
Summary: Research shows that the use of chemically functionalized graphene fillers can effectively enhance the interaction between graphene and metal matrix, resulting in higher interfacial shear strength. The presence of shear-induced wrinkles and chemical modification can significantly increase graphene's surface roughness, leading to better interfacial interactions between graphene and the metal matrix.
Article
Agronomy
Xiaoxu Zhan, Fanlei Kong, Qinlin Liu, Tianqiong Lan, Yaqi Liu, Juzhen Xu, Qian Ou, Liang Chen, Geert Kessel, Corne Kempenaar, Jichao Yuan
Summary: Maize stalk lodging causes global yield and quality losses, which could potentially be prevented through breeding and improved crop management. This study investigated plant traits related to stalk lodging resistance in five cultivars, finding that rapid lignin accumulation, internode plumpness, and cellulose were crucial for mechanical strength. Rind penetration strength showed a higher correlation with lodging rate than bending strength, with dry matter constituents accumulation, particularly lignin accumulation, being key to basal internode strength. Breeding strategies aimed at prolonging rapid lignin and dry matter accumulation may improve lodging resistance in maize cultivars.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
Huan Liu, Boming Yang, Chong Wang, Yishu Han, Dameng Liu
Summary: Friction energy dissipation has a significant impact on global energy consumption and economic losses. Understanding the mechanism of friction energy dissipation and finding ways to reduce it are of great importance.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Bowen Dong, Gaoyu Peng, Zhenpeng Wu, Xingrun Shan, Chengjun Guo, Junwei Miao, Jianping Qu, Wenyan Luo, Jinchuan Jie, Tingju Li
Summary: By studying the Cu-14.7Ni-3.1Al (wt.%) alloys, it was found that with the decrease of aging temperature from 973 K to 773 K, the size of (Ni, Cu)3Al precipitates (L12) in the Cu-rich solid solution (FCC) decreased. The simultaneous increase of tensile strength (from 563 MPa to 729 MPa) and ductility (from 5.4% to 13.5%) was observed. A CALPHAD-MD coupled method was proposed to quantitatively reveal the relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties of the precipitation-strengthening Cu-Ni-Al alloy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wanmin Guo, Qingshun Bai, Yuhao Dou, Shandeng Chen, Hongfei Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the frictional behavior of graphene on stainless-steel surfaces through molecular dynamics simulations. The results revealed that the polycrystalline character and multielement characteristics of stainless-steel play a crucial role in the adsorption state and frictional performance of graphene, providing theoretical foundations for the application of graphene on stainless-steel surfaces.
Article
Mechanics
Miguel A. C. Teixeira, Catherine A. Meriaux
Summary: Finite-sized neutrally buoyant particles in turbulent flows exhibit different behavior from tracer particles due to spatial filtering. This study quantifies the filtering effect in flows with different Reynolds numbers using analytical spectra and compares it with experimental and numerical data. The model predicts the ratios of velocity, acceleration, and dissipation rate between particles and fluid. The results show that the velocity variance of the fluid is less severely underestimated by particle motion compared to acceleration and dissipation rate. These findings are important for understanding the behavior of particles in turbulent flows.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Simanta Lahkar, Byeongyun Jeong, Xiaodong Wang, Kevin Hemker, Kolan Madhav Reddy
Summary: The study found that stable ripple structures can simultaneously enhance the strength and toughness of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) by improving crack nucleation toughness and bond strength, providing a new strengthening strategy for van der Waals materials.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kai Chen, Yang Song, Pengfu Ding, Zhiwu Ke, Zhenxing Zhao
Summary: 3D non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the friction heat dissipation and generation in high-speed sliding systems. Results showed that friction heat production is influenced by material properties and velocity ratio, with higher sliding velocities generating more heat but more plastic deformation leading to less heat generation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Heng Li, Yafeng Zhang, Xing Shi Gu, Huimin Qi, Jiaxin Yu, Jian Zhuang
Summary: Particle image velocimetry was used to investigate the variation of velocity field inside a droplet on a superhydrophobic surface. The results showed that shear stress increased with the increase of droplet motion velocity and viscosity, while friction force at the liquid/solid interface was independent of droplet volume, viscosity, and motion velocity.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Han Wang, Julian J. Rimoli, Penghui Cao
Summary: By using atomistic simulations, we investigated a range of nanotwinned materials with different stacking fault energies (SFEs) to understand the limit of twin boundary (TB) strengthening. In contrast to Cu and Al, nanotwinned materials with ultra-low SFEs (Co, NiCoCr, and NiCoCrFeMn) exhibited continuous strengthening down to a twin thickness of 0.63 nm. Our study revealed that even at the nanometer scale, hard dislocation modes persisted while the soft dislocation mode, which caused detwinning in Cu and Al, resulted in phase transformation and lamellar structure formation in Co, NiCoCr, and NiCoCrFeMn. This enhanced understanding of dislocation mechanisms in nanotwinned materials showcases the potential for controlling mechanical behavior and ultimate strength through tunable composition and SFE, particularly in multi-principal element alloys.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Wang, Jianfeng Jin, Peijun Yang, Shaojie Li, Shuai Tang, Yaping Zong, Qing Peng
Summary: The study used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanical response and dislocation behaviors of graphene/Fe composite, revealing that the composite with strong chemical bonds has higher yield stress than weak-bonded one, and exhibits different characteristics after dislocation depinning.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhen Wang, Kailiang Zhang, Hengti Wang, Xinyu Wu, Hanyu Wang, Chenglong Weng, Yongjin Li, Shanqiu Liu, Jintao Yang
Summary: Foams made of immiscible polymer blends have attracted great interest due to the integration of desirable properties of different polymers. However, the poor interfacial strength within the blends hampers the foamability and end-use properties. This study successfully enhanced the interfacial strength and foamability of the blends by designing and synthesizing reactive interfacial compatibilizers. These findings offer new possibilities for controlling cell morphologies and designing unique cell structures for polymer foams.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yufeng Tian, Wonsuk Kim, Alper Kiziltas, Deborah Mielewski, Alan Argento
Summary: A damping model based on the mechanism of interfacial interaction in nanoscale particle reinforced composites is developed. The high damping enhancement in a bio-based PA610 polyamide reinforced by nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC) composite is attributed to the presence of hydrogen bonding at the interface and the large interfacial area due to the nano size of the filler. The model can be used as a guide in designing composites with good damping properties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abhishek Sharma, Yoshiaki Morisada, Hidetoshi Fujii
Summary: This study successfully fabricated Al/0.1 wt% graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) composites using the combination of spark plasma sintering (SPS) and solid-state multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP). Increasing the number of FSP passes significantly enhanced the dispersion of GNPs in the Al matrix and the consolidation of the SPSed compacts. The ultimate tensile strength of the Al/GNP composite increased with the number of FSP passes, with a maximum increment of 31% achieved after 3-pass FSP.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abhay Vincent, Marie Pervier, Hugo Pervier, Devaiah Nalianda
Summary: Understanding the physics of ice adhesion at the ice-substrate interface is crucial for developing efficient ice protection systems. This article presents a molecular dynamics approach to model and analyze the tensile and shear adhesion strengths of ice on metallic substrates on both the nanoscale and macroscale. The simulation results reveal differences between nanoscale and macroscopic interpretations of ice adhesion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Shen, Wenwen Song, Simon Sevsek, Yan Ma, Claas Hueter, Robert Spatschek, Wolfgang Bleck
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yohai Bar-Sinai, Gabriele Librandi, Katia Bertoldi, Michael Moshe
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Wang, Guillaume Boussinot, Claas Hueter, Efim A. Brener, Robert Spatschek
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Wang, Marc Weikamp, Mingxuan Lin, Carina Zimmermann, Ruth Schwaiger, Ulrich Prahl, Martin Hunkel, Robert Spatschek
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amit Nir, Eran Sela, Roy Beck, Yohai Bar-Sinai
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mingxuan Lin, Carina Zimmermann, Kai Wang, Martin Hunkel, Ulrich Prahl, Robert Spatschek
Summary: The study focused on the kinetics of bainitic transformations in 22MnB5 under different stresses, analyzing the variant selection effect and developing autocatalytic transformation and phase field models to describe the coupling processes during bainitic transformations.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jiawei Zhuang, Dmitrii Kochkov, Yohai Bar-Sinai, Michael P. Brenner, Stephan Hoyer
Summary: This study introduces a machine learning approach to overcome the computational cost issue caused by increasing grid resolution in fluid simulations, enabling high accuracy even at low resolutions. The method, applied to passive scalar advection in two-dimensional turbulent flow, maintains the same accuracy as traditional methods while using significantly lower grid resolutions. The machine learning component is integrated with traditional finite-volume schemes and can be trained through end-to-end differentiable programming.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoyan Yin, Robert Spatschek, Norbert H. Menzler, Claas Hueter
Summary: This study utilizes a transfer learning approach to predict the oxygen vacancy formation energy by training models with similar feature spaces. The predictive models are successfully transferred from a two-species-doped system to a four-species-doped system, and their transferability is validated through statistical analysis. This approach is of great significance for the search for novel energy materials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheng Zeng, Maya Winters Faaborg, Ahmed Sherif, Martin J. Falk, Rozhin Hajian, Ming Xiao, Kara Hartig, Yohai Bar-Sinai, Michael P. Brenner, Vinothan N. Manoharan
Summary: In this study, capillary forces are dynamically modulated to move objects in programmable two-dimensional patterns. Machines are designed to translate, rotate, separate, and braid multiple floating objects. This approach provides a quick, inexpensive way to manipulate micrometre-scale particles and braid microwires for high-frequency electronics.
Article
Electrochemistry
Belen Celik, Roland Sandt, Lara Caroline Pereira dos Santos, Robert Spatschek
Summary: This study predicts the cycle lives of lithium-ion batteries using data from early cycles and various machine learning algorithms. The research demonstrates that data-driven models can successfully predict battery lifetimes and that incorporating data management and physical and chemical understanding reduces errors.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Hu, Kai Wang, Michael Mueller, Egbert Wessel, Robert Spatschek
Summary: We have developed a theoretical model to accurately predict the sublimation vapor pressure of pure substances. By using a simple monoatomic molecule approximation, we have reduced the complexity of the vapor pressure expression for polyatomic gaseous molecules, achieving high accuracy with deviations below 10%. Our physical model is based on ab initio calculations, statistical mechanics, and thermodynamics, and has been successfully applied to various substances. We have also explored the partial pressures caused by gas phase reactions, demonstrating good agreement with experimental results.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sam Dillavou, Yohai Bar -Sinai, Michael P. Brenner, Shmuel M. Rubinstein
Summary: Traditionally, contact area is considered a proxy for friction, but bond density and spatial distribution of contact also play important roles. By measuring and imaging, we found that spatial distribution significantly affects static frictional strength.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Wang, Guillaume Boussinot, Efim A. Brener, Robert Spatschek
Summary: This study presents a three-phase field model for simulating eutectic and eutectoid transformations, overcoming limitations of existing models in meeting local equilibrium boundary conditions with finite diffusion contrasts. The necessity of kinetic cross coupling for quantitative phase field simulations is verified through benchmark testing and experimentation. The relevance of the theory developed by Ankit et al. in describing the two limiting diffusion regimes is validated through simulations in both one-sided and two-sided cases.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Biswarup Ash, Ariel Amir, Yohai Bar-Sinai, Yuval Oreg, Yoseph Imry
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yohai Bar-Sinai, Michael Aldam, Robert Spatschek, Efim A. Brener, Eran Bouchbinder