Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhu Zhu, Mirong Song
Summary: The Antarctic sea ice has experienced dramatic changes in recent years, with the highest recorded sea ice extent in 2014 and the lowest in 2017. A study investigated the impacts of these changes on the atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere. The results showed seasonal variations in the atmospheric response, with the winter circulation being more sensitive to the decreased sea ice in 2017 than the increased sea ice in 2014.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. A. Reid, R. A. Massom
Summary: Loss of protective sea-ice buffer in Antarctica has led to increased exposure of the coastal environment to open ocean and waves, which has significant effects on ice-shelf stability, coastal erosion, ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions, and shallow benthic ecosystems. Researchers have introduced a climate and environmental metric called Coastal Exposure Length, which measures the daily changes and variability in the length and occurrence of unprotected coastline in Antarctica. The study found that around 50% of Antarctica's 17,850-km coastline had no sea ice offshore each summer, with variations in exposure levels across regions and seasons. From 1979 to 2020, the annual maximum length of coastal exposure decreased by approximately 30 km per year.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. D. Fraser, P. Wongpan, P. J. Langhorne, A. R. Klekociuk, K. Kusahara, D. Lannuzel, R. A. Massom, K. M. Meiners, K. M. Swadling, D. P. Atwater, G. M. Brett, M. Corkill, L. A. Dalman, S. Fiddes, A. Granata, L. Guglielmo, P. Heil, G. H. Leonard, A. R. Mahoney, A. McMinn, P. van der Merwe, C. K. Weldrick, B. Wienecke
Summary: Antarctic landfast sea ice, also known as fast ice, is stationary sea ice that is attached to the coast, grounded icebergs, ice shelves, or other protrusions on the continental shelf. Despite its limited extent, fast ice plays a crucial role in various physical, biological, and biogeochemical processes, with both local and far-reaching consequences for the Earth system.
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claire L. Parkinson, Nicolo E. DiGirolamo
Summary: The satellite dataset spanning 42 years from 1979 to 2020 reveals recent losses in sea ice coverage in both the Arctic and Antarctic, with the Arctic experiencing record low sea ice extents while the Antarctic has seen record lows since 2015. The data also shows that globally, every calendar month has recorded a new monthly record low within the past 5 years, indicating a rapid decline in global sea ice coverage.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lars Aue, Timo Vihma, Petteri Uotila, Annette Rinke
Summary: Based on the ERA5 reanalysis, this study examines the impacts of transient cyclones on sea ice concentration (SIC) in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean under New Arctic conditions (2000-2020). The results show a pattern of reduced SIC prior to and during cyclones for the entire study area, with a regional difference of increased SIC in the Barents Sea and reduced SIC in the Greenland Sea from 3 days before to 5 days after the cyclone passage. The study suggests that both thermodynamic and dynamic effects contribute to the SIC changes, particularly in the Barents Sea, compared to the Old Arctic (1979-1999).
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Martin J. Siegert, Mike J. Bentley, Angus Atkinson, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Peter Convey, Bethan Davies, Rod Downie, Anna E. Hogg, Caroline Holmes, Kevin A. Hughes, Michael P. Meredith, Neil Ross, Jane Rumble, Jeremy Wilkinson
Summary: There is increasing evidence that fossil fuel burning has led to the increased occurrence and severity of extreme environmental events. This study examines evidence for extreme events in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean and highlights the vulnerability of natural Antarctic systems. It predicts that future Antarctic extreme events will be more severe due to further heating and the need for drastic action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kazuya Kusahara, Hiroaki Tatebe, Tomohiro Hajima, Fuyuki Saito, Michio Kawamiya
Summary: Future atmospheric warming can result in enhanced basal melting of Antarctic ice shelves, caused by a combination of warm deep water intrusions and warm surface water formation. This melting will lead to irreversible changes in the Antarctic ice shelves and Southern Ocean climate.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Daniel N. Goldberg, Andrew G. Twelves, Paul R. Holland, Martin G. Wearing
Summary: Little is known about Antarctic subglacial hydrology, but it is believed that subglacial runoff enhances submarine melt locally through buoyancy effects. This study examines the effects of runoff on sea ice and oceanography on the Continental Shelf, and finds that runoff enhances localized melt and reduces summer sea ice volume. Runoff-driven melt and circulation may be an important missing process in regional Antarctic ocean models.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kazuya Kusahara
Summary: Recent observations have shown changes in the Antarctic sea ice and ice shelf over the years. Analysis from an ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model reveals a clear anti-correlation between Antarctic sea ice extent and ice shelf basal melting, indicating that the summer sea ice extent can act as a proxy for predicting Antarctic coastal water masses and ice shelf melting.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhu Zhu, Jiping Liu, Mirong Song, Yongyun Hu
Summary: Current climate models project a decrease in Antarctic sea ice by the end of the twenty-first century. This study explores the impact of Antarctic sea ice loss on climate extremes over southern continents and the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling in these changes. The findings suggest that projected sea ice loss leads to an increase in warm extremes and a decrease in cold extremes over southern continents, with wet extremes increasing over South America and Antarctica. The study also highlights the importance of ocean dynamics and their interactions with the atmosphere in driving these changes.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wilton Aguiar, Sang-Ki Lee, Hosmay Lopez, Shenfu Dong, Helene Seroussi, Dani C. Jones, Adele K. Morrison
Summary: Melting of the ice sheet in the Southern Ocean has implications for the formation and properties of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Models have been used to examine the effects of different spatial distributions and magnitudes of meltwater fluxes on AABW. The study finds that a realistic and spatially varying meltwater flux can sustain AABW with higher salinities compared to uniform meltwater flux simulations. Furthermore, the increasing meltwater discharge from the Antarctic ice sheet can contribute to the observed freshening of AABW.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biology
William S. Y. Wong, Lukas Hauer, Paul A. Cziko, Konrad Meister
Summary: The research finds that the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki possesses a unique micro-ridge structure that allows it to control underwater ice formation, preventing dangerous accumulation and firm attachment of ice. This special structure helps protect the scallops from anchor ice and may be a key trait for their survival in anchor ice zones.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Guanghua Hao, Hui Shen, Yongming Sun, Chunhua Li
Summary: Utilizing a 41-year dataset of Antarctic sea ice concentration, trends in sea ice changes were analyzed from 1979 to 2019, revealing an increasing trend in sea ice concentration in most regions and a decreasing or decelerating trend in sea ice extent. The decrease in Antarctic sea ice is primarily attributed to increases in absorbed energy and southward energy transportation in recent years.
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
Zhongxiang Tian, Xi Liang, Jinlun Zhang, Haibo Bi, Fu Zhao, Chunhua Li
Summary: This study investigates the thermodynamical and dynamical influences of an intense cyclone in the Arctic Ocean in 2012 on sea ice. The study introduces a new algorithm to remove the cyclone component in atmospheric forcing and conducts two simulations to analyze the sea ice and heat budget with and without the cyclone. The intense cyclone has a strong impact on sea ice, leading to increased sea ice basal melt and surface melt, as well as enhanced sea ice deformation and area loss. Accurate atmospheric data is crucial for sea ice modeling.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yunhe Wang, Xiaojun Yuan, Yibin Ren, Mitchell Bushuk, Qi Shu, Cuihua Li, Xiaofeng Li
Summary: A deep learning model called SIPNet has been developed to predict Antarctic sea ice concentration (SIC) at subseasonal scale, filling the gap in prediction capability. Autumn SIC variability contributes the most to sea ice predictability, whereas spring contributes the least. SIPNet can also capture the signal of ENSO and SAM on sea ice.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
John Turner, J. Scott Hosking, Gareth J. Marshall, Tony Phillips, Thomas J. Bracegirdle
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
T. J. Bracegirdle, N. A. N. Bertler, A. M. Carleton, Q. Ding, C. J. Fogwill, J. C. Fyfe, H. H. Hellmer, A. Y. Karpechko, K. Kusahara, E. Larour, P. A. Mayewski, W. N. Meier, L. M. Polvani, J. L. Russell, S. L. Stevenson, J. Turner, J. M. van Wessem, W. J. van de Berg, I. Wainer
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2016)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
M. N. Raphael, G. J. Marshall, J. Turner, R. L. Fogt, D. Schneider, D. A. Dixon, J. S. Hosking, J. M. Jones, W. R. Hobbs
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2016)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
John Turner, J. Scott Hosking, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Tony Phillips, Gareth J. Marshall
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Turner, Hua Lu, Ian White, John C. King, Tony Phillips, J. Scott Hosking, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Gareth J. Marshall, Robert Mulvaney, Pranab Deb
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Tony Phillips, Gareth J. Marshall, J. Scott Hosking, James O. Pope, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Pranab Deb
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2017)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
John Turner, Andrew Orr, G. Hilmar Gudmundsson, Adrian Jenkins, Robert G. Bingham, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Thomas J. Bracegirdle
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pranab Deb, Andrew Orr, David H. Bromwich, Julien P. Nicolas, John Turner, J. Scott Hosking
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2018)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Tony Phillips, Meloth Thamban, Waliur Rahaman, Gareth J. Marshall, Jonathan D. Wille, Vincent Favier, V. Holly L. Winton, Elizabeth Thomas, Zaomin Wang, Michiel van den Broeke, J. Scott Hosking, Tom Lachlan-Cope
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
B. Jena, M. Ravichandran, J. Turner
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
John Turner, Gareth J. Marshall, Kyle Clem, Steve Colwell, Tony Phillips, Hua Lu
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Maria Vittoria Guarino, Jack Arnatt, Babula Jena, Gareth J. Marshall, Tony Phillips, C. C. Bajish, Kyle Clem, Zhaomin Wang, Tom Andersson, Eugene J. Murphy, Rachel Cavanagh
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kevin A. Hughes, Peter Convey, John Turner
Summary: Antarctica is facing increasing vulnerability to climate change impacts and growing pressure from human activities, while the protection system's effectiveness needs to be improved.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Hua Lu, John C. King, Scott Carpentier, Matthew Lazzara, Tony Phillips, Jonathan Wille
Summary: This article investigates a high temperature event in December 1989 in East Antarctica and discusses the factors that led to this event, namely atmospheric rivers and synoptically driven downslope flow. These factors contributed to the further warming of coastal regions, resulting in record-breaking temperatures.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Caroline Holmes, Thomas Caton Harrison, Tony Phillips, Babula Jena, Tylei Reeves-Francois, Ryan Fogt, Elizabeth R. Thomas, C. C. Bajish
Summary: On February 25, 2022, Antarctic sea ice extent reached a satellite-era record low level, and sea ice anomalies were observed in all sectors of the Southern Ocean, with the largest anomalies in the Ross and Weddell Seas.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
