Article
Ophthalmology
Daniel T. Hass, Qitao Zhang, Gillian A. Autterson, Richard A. Bryan, James B. Hurley, Jason M. L. Miller
Summary: This study shows that the volume of conventional culture media has a significant impact on the availability of oxygen and oxidative metabolism in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell culture. It suggests that optimizing RPE culture volumes is important for studying RPE-centric diseases. The study provides guidelines to balance nutrient availability and oxygen availability in RPE culture.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rini Arianti, Boglarka Agnes Vinnai, Ferenc Gyory, Andrea Guba, Eva Csosz, Endre Kristof, Laszlo Fesus
Summary: Brown/beige adipocytes express UCP1, which allows them to dissipate energy as heat. Activation of this process can alleviate obesity. Researchers found that UCP1 enriched adipocytes from the deep neck region of human adipose tissues highly expressed ThTr2 transporter and consumed thiamine during thermogenic activation.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomomi Minemura, Atsunori Fukuhara, Michio Otsuki, Iichiro Shimomura
Summary: The study reveals that LDHA regulates Glut1 expression and basal glucose uptake in adipocytes. Knockout or inhibition of LDHA leads to decreased Glut1 protein levels and reduced glucose uptake.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ming Yang, Qiong Wang, Yuyan Zhu, Kuichuan Sheng, Ning Xiang, Ximing Zhang
Summary: Cultured meat is a promising alternative for sustainable and ethical meat production. This review discusses methods for reducing the accumulation of metabolic by-products and explores their advantages and disadvantages. Adsorption is a promising pathway, but challenges remain.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haixia Ma, Valentina Sukonina, Wei Zhang, Fang Meng, Santhilal Subhash, Henrik Palmgren, Ida Alexandersson, Huiming Han, Shuping Zhou, Stefano Bartesaghi, Chandrasekhar Kanduri, Svren Enerback
Summary: In recent years, lactate has been recognized as an important circulating energy substrate and aerobic glycolysis has been identified as a metabolic choice involving increased glucose uptake and lactate production despite normal oxygen levels. This study demonstrates that the transcription factor Foxp1 regulates glucose uptake and lactate production in adipocytes and myocytes. Foxp1 directly interacts with the promoter consensus cis-elements that regulate expression of several enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. Knockdown of Foxp1 suppresses these enzyme levels and impairs glucose uptake and lactate production. This suggests that Foxp1 plays a crucial role in regulating aerobic glycolysis in adipose tissue and muscle.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroko Yanaga, Mika Koga, Hiromichi Nishina, Yoshio Tanaka, Katsu Yanaga
Summary: Mastectomy is an effective treatment for breast cancer, but it results in breast and soft tissue deficits. Autologous tissue breast reconstruction is associated with donor site morbidity, and breast implants have potential complications. Autologous aspirated fat grafting is an ideal method but has low viability and high resorption. A novel technique using cultured mature adipocytes mixed with their condition medium was developed for breast reconstruction, achieving full thickness fat-engraftment with high reliability and long-term sustainability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Szkudelski, Klaudia Konieczna, Katarzyna Szkudelska
Summary: Metformin has significant effects on the metabolism of primary rat adipocytes, including inhibition of lipogenesis, increased glucose transport, and decreased lactate release. It also inhibits lipolysis stimulated by epinephrine and adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist. These findings suggest that metformin plays a role in lipid accumulation and release in fat cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vedrana Montana, Daniel Flint, Helle S. Waagepetersen, Arne Schousboe, Vladimir Parpura
Summary: Glucose sustains glutamate release from astrocytes, while lactate significantly reduces it. Lactate alone increases fatty acid synthesis and leads to complex metabolic changes in astrocytes, suggesting that energy sources and metabolic environment play a significant role in gliotransmission. Proteomics analysis reveals condition-dependent changes in protein profiles, including alterations in cytoskeletal proteins and proteins involved in vesicle traffic and recycling at the plasma membrane.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Andreas M. Fritzen, Kim A. Sjoberg, Maximilian Kleinert, Erik A. Richter, Bente Kiens
Summary: The study found that substituting a small amount of dietary long-chain fatty acids with medium-chain fatty acids in a hypercaloric high-fat diet can protect against insulin resistance and promote glucose metabolism.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yi Zhong, Arnold Caplan, Jean F. Welter, Harihara Baskaran
Summary: Increasing medium-change frequency or initial glucose levels can enhance chondrogenesis of hMSCs by improving glucose availability, leading to higher GAG and HYP content. Glucose uptake and lactate secretion are correlated with tissue quality, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for assessing hMSC chondrogenesis.
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Yan Bin, Wang Jingbo, Tian Guoqing
Summary: The study showed that quercetin, oleanolic acid, and icariin can alleviate the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons under high glucose conditions, by reducing the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK in the signaling pathway. Additionally, the efficacy of the three drugs in combination can be enhanced.
JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Minoru Tomizawa, Fuminobu Shinozaki, Takashi Mikata, Hiroyuki Tanno, Midori Shigeta
Summary: The study demonstrates that lactate promotes the survival and hepatocyte differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) cultured in a medium without glucose and supplemented with galactose, leading to increased expression of hepatocyte markers.
BIOMEDICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
S. Q. Zhang, L. L. Wang, Y. T. Li, G. Wang, L. Li, S. Z. Sun, L. J. Yao, L. Shen
Summary: The study showed that microRNA-126 regulates proliferation and migration of HUVEC cells cultured in the presence of high glucose concentrations and treated with CXCL8 through inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway.
BULLETIN OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sedigheh Safari, Akram Eidi, Mehrnaz Mehrabani, Mohammad Javad Fatemi, Ali Mohammad Sharifi
Summary: The study showed that conditioned medium derived from human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (CM-hADSCs) protected C28I2 chondrocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondria! apoptosis induced by high glucose. MSCs secretomes could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent joint complications in diabetic patients.
ADVANCED PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Laia Oliva, Tania Aranda, Maria Alemany, Jose-Antonio Fernandez-Lopez, Xavier Remesar
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xavier Remesar, Maria Alemany
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carme Grau-Bove, Alba Miguens-Gomez, Carlos Gonzalez-Quilen, Jose-Antonio Fernandez-Lopez, Xavier Remesar, Cristina Torres-Fuentes, Javier Avila-Roman, Esther Rodriguez-Gallego, Raul Beltran-Debon, M. Teresa Blay, Ximena Terra, Anna Ardevol, Montserrat Pinent
Article
Pediatrics
Esther Lizarraga-Mollinedo, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Xavier Remesar, Berta Mas-Pares, Anna Prats-Puig, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Judit Bassols
Summary: The study identified upregulated genes related to immune and metabolic processes in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue following catch-up growth in juvenile rats, which were associated with fat expansion and metabolic parameters. The dysregulated genes in white adipose tissue could potentially lead to the development of novel strategies to prevent metabolic abnormalities associated with catch-up growth.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laia Oliva, Maria Alemany, Jose-Antonio Fernandez-Lopez, Xavier Remesar
Summary: The study found that excess lipid ingestion in male rats leads to liver fat accumulation, and the modulation of diet energy partition affects this process. Differences in cholesterol and triglyceride content in the blood and liver of male rats showed sex-related differences due to diet. Circulating estradiol in males was negatively correlated with cholesterol levels, indicating that estradiol plays a regulatory role in the distribution of energy substrates and cholesterol deposition.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Alemany
Summary: Androgens are important steroid hormones with diverse functions including energy control, skeletal maintenance, brain development, and reproductive mechanism regulation. Testosterone plays a key role in maintaining metabolism and its insufficiency is associated with aging and metabolic disorders. T replacement therapy is effective in maintaining core metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Book Review
Medieval & Renaissance Studies
Maria Del Prado Rodriguez Romero
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. Carmen Soler-Vazquez, Maria del Mar Romero, Marijana Todorcevic, Katia Delgado, Carles Calatayud, Aleyda Benitez-Amaro, Maria Teresa La Chica Lhoest, Paula Mera, Sebastian Zagmutt, Marianela Bastias-Perez, Kevin Ibeas, Nuria Casals, Joan Carles Escola-Gil, Vicenta Llorente-Cortes, Antonella Consiglio, Dolors Serra, Laura Herrero
Summary: Obesity and its associated metabolic comorbidities are a global health issue, and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are of interest for cell therapy. In this study, adipocytes expressing a constitutively active form of the enzyme CPT1A were generated and implanted into mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The CPT1A-implanted mice showed improvements in body weight, hepatic steatosis, serum insulin and cholesterol levels, and glucose tolerance. Additionally, HFD-induced adipose tissue abnormalities and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex expression were reduced in the CPT1A-implanted mice. These findings support the potential clinical use of ex vivo gene therapy for obesity.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sebastian Zagmutt, Paula Mera, Ismael Gonzalez-Garcia, Kevin Ibeas, Maria del Mar Romero, Arnaud Obri, Beatriz Martin, Anna Esteve-Codina, M. Carmen Soler-Vazquez, Marianela Bastias-Perez, Laia Canes, Elisabeth Auge, Carme Pelegri, Jordi Vilaplana, Xavier Ariza, Jordi Garcia, Jose Martinez-Gonzalez, Nuria Casals, Miguel Lopez, Richard Palmiter, Elisenda Sanz, Albert Quintana, Laura Herrero, Dolors Serra
Summary: Fatty acid metabolism and CPT1A in AgRP neurons play a key role in the maintenance of whole-body fluid and energy balance. This study reveals marked sex differences in fatty acid metabolism and CPT1A expression in AgRP neurons.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert N. Helsley, Se-Hyung Park, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Patrick G. Sullivan, Lindsey R. Conroy, Ramon C. Sun, Maria del Mar Romero, Laura Herrero, Joanna Bons, Christina D. King, Jacob Rose, Jesse G. Meyer, Birgit Schilling, C. Ronald Kahn, Samir Softic
Summary: The consumption of sugar and a high-fat diet promotes the development of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. The study found that glucose or fructose supplementation increases the enzyme KHK-C, which leads to abnormal lipogenesis. The researchers also discovered that KHK-C increases lipogenesis and decreases fatty acid oxidation by acetylating CPT1a protein. This finding reveals the mechanism by which dietary fructose exacerbates metabolic complications caused by a high-fat diet.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Arreaza-Gil, Hector Palacios-Jordan, Maria del Mar Romero, Cristina Torres-Fuentes, Miguel A. A. Rodriguez, Xavier Remesar, Jose-Antonio Fernandez-Lopez, Anna Arola-Arnal
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of timing, sex, and diet on the effects of proanthocyanidins (PAs) on the metabolome. The results showed that the effects of PAs on metabolites were sex and diet-dependent, and were also modulated by the timing of consumption.