Editorial Material
Engineering, Manufacturing
Koji Sugioka
Summary: The GHz burst mode of femtosecond laser pulses can improve ablation efficiency without deteriorating ablation quality. However, optimizing the parameters involved in GHz burst mode poses challenges for practical implementation. The author’s perspective article examines the history, current status, and future challenges and prospects of this new strategy in femtosecond laser processing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXTREME MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Optics
Ajanta Barh, B. Ozgur Alaydin, Jonas Heidrich, Marco Gaulke, Matthias Golling, Christopher R. Phillips, Ursula Keller
Summary: Femtosecond lasers with high repetition rates are attractive for spectroscopic applications. However, current laser sources at long wavelengths face limitations in output power and repetition rates. This study presents a high-power ultrafast laser oscillator operating at multi-GHz repetition rates using a specific laser modelocked with an SESAM. The results open up possibilities for efficient spectroscopy above 2 μm.
Article
Optics
Behrad Radfar, Kexun Chen, Olli E. Setala, Ville Vahanissi, Hele Savin, Xiaolong Liu
Summary: In this study, we investigate the surface morphology, optical absorption (400-1100 nm), and carrier lifetime of black silicon fabricated by femtosecond (fs) laser in air. We explore a wide range of cumulative fluence delivered to the sample, represented by a single parameter xi. We also examine the laser-oxidized surface layer and its impact on the mentioned properties through photoluminescence spectra measurements.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed Ashour, Hameed G. Faris, Hanan Ahmed, Samar Mamdouh, Kavintheran Thambiratnam, Tarek Mohamed
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the nonlinear optical properties of Au nanoparticles prepared using the laser ablation method. The Au nanoparticles exhibited reverse saturable absorption behavior and acted as a self-defocusing material when the excitation wavelength or incident power were modified.
Article
Optics
Yuliya Binhammer, Thomas Binhammer, Robin Mevert, Tino Lang, Angelika Ruck, Uwe Morgner
Summary: The report describes a high power, ultra-broadband, quickly tunable non-collinear parametric oscillator capable of delivering femtosecond pulses in two synchronized output beams. The device is ideal for spectroscopy or multi-color imaging applications, and preliminary results on two-color functional microscopy are presented.
Article
Optics
Hanyu Ye, Lilia Pontagnier, Eric Cormier, Giorgio Santarelli
Summary: We propose and demonstrate a non-mode-locking approach to generating multi-gigahertz repetition rate, femtosecond pulses in burst mode by shaping a continuous-wave (CW) seed laser in an all-fiber configuration. The system eliminates the need for mode-locked cavities and simplifies conventional ultrafast electro-optic combs to using only one phase modulator, while providing femtosecond pulses at multiple gigahertz repetition rate, enhanced pulse energy in burst mode and the potential of further power/energy scaling.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiaobing Yang, Tiantian Song, Taichao Su, Jiapeng Hu, Shichao Wu
Summary: The influence of reused methanol solution on the structure and properties of ZIF-8 was explored in this paper. The results show that the phase, porous structure, and BET surface area of ZIF-8 are not affected by the reused methanol solution. However, the particle size of ZIF-8 increases and the productive rate decreases when the methanol solution is reused four times.
Article
Optics
Sungkwon Shin, Jun-Gyu Hur, Jong Kab Park, Doh-Hoon Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of femtosecond laser beam polarization on the efficiency and symmetry of metal sheet processing. It was found that linear polarization resulted in higher ablation efficiency but asymmetric microstructures, while circular polarization led to lower ablation efficiency but symmetric microstructures. Experimental results verified the asymmetric and symmetric microstructure profiles.
Article
Optics
Tadas Bartulevicius, Mykolas Lipnickas, Virginija Petrauskiene, Karolis Madeikis, Andrejus Michailovas
Summary: This study demonstrates a versatile method for burst formation using the active fiber loop (AFL) and showcases the operation of an industrial-grade ultrafast laser system in both single-pulse and GHz-burst regimes, with varying pulse energies and durations.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Wanzhong Yin, Keqiang Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates that the micro-cracks and high porosity particles produced by HPGR can significantly improve the leaching efficiency of copper ore after agglomeration, although an excess of fine particles can affect heap permeability.
Article
Optics
Kefeng Chen, Lina Gan, Yingge Tao, Weilin Shao, Wei Yu, Haowei Lin, Zhiping Cai, Huihui Cheng
Summary: We presented an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) passively mode-locked Yb3+-doped fiber laser (YDFL) with a fundamental repetition rate of 1.3 GHz. By rotating the fast axis of the fiber optical pigtail of a dispersive dielectric mirror, different shapes of optical spectra for a linearly polarized soliton were observed. The oscillator achieved various laser performance, including a threshold pump power for continuous wave laser oscillation of 3.1 mW, an optical-to-optical efficiency for modelocking of 29%, and an integrated relative intensity noise of 0.08%. To our knowledge, this is the first report of >1 GHz ultrafast all-fiber YDFL with PM architecture.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Optics
Ying-Ying Li, Bo Gao, Chun-Yang Ma, Ge Wu, Jia-Yu Huo, Ying Han, S. Wageh, Omar A. Al-Hartomy, Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi, Lie Liu, Han Zhang
Summary: Mamyshev oscillators (MOs) have shown great potential in producing ultrafast lasers with high peak power. MO technology, based on step-like saturable absorbers and self-similar evolution in the gain fiber, can generate ultrastable femtosecond pulses with high peak power. This review presents the principle of MO, discusses recent progress in advanced output performance, examines different operation wavelengths, and explores potential applications in various fields. The challenges and future directions of MO are also discussed.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zhaoheng Liang, Wei Lin, Jingfeng Wu, Xuewen Chen, Yuankai Guo, Lin Ling, Xiaoming Wei, Zhongmin Yang
Summary: We present a high-power 2.0-μm fiber laser system that delivers femtosecond pulses with a fundamental repetition rate exceeding 10 GHz, the highest reported value to date. The system utilizes a self-started fundamentally mode-locked Tm-doped fiber laser as the seed, which exhibits excellent power and spectral stabilities. By employing soliton-effect-based pulse compression, the laser system achieves a pulse duration of 163 fs, resulting in a compression factor of approximately 13. This new high-power femtosecond fiber laser, operating at a 10 GHz-level fundamental repetition rate, holds great potential as a light source for various applications, including laser surgery, micromachining, frequency comb spectroscopy, and nonlinear frequency conversion.
Article
Crystallography
Mitsuki Ohyama, Shuntaro Amari, Hiroshi Takiyama
Summary: This study improved the uniformity of particle size and crystal shape in liquid-liquid reaction crystallization by evaluating dynamic variations and using intermittent operation with inner seed production, leading to enhanced quality control of crystalline particles.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jie Han, John Fitzpatrick, Kevin Cronin, Valentyn Maidannyk, Song Miao
Summary: This study explored the impact of whey protein and lactose contents on the breakage of dairy powder particles. The results showed that particle characteristics and processing conditions were key factors in reducing breakage. Higher lactose content resulted in more severe particle breakage, which was influenced by the moisture content and fatigue of the powder.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Anish Hiresha Verma, Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: The study developed a unique gold nanoprobes platform for monitoring the epigenomic environment of cancer stem-like cells, achieving efficient nuclear uptake without causing structural nuclear changes. This study is the first to utilize intranuclear epigenomic signals to distinguish CSC from different tissues.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Priya Dharmalingam, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: This study developed a multimode nanoplatform to investigate epigenetic changes in tumor-initiating cancer stem cells and explore their transformation signals following drug therapy. By utilizing surface-enhanced Raman scattering technology and dopant functionalization, biomarkers in tiCSCs can be analyzed label-free at the cellular level.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: The ability of cancer to metastasize to distant organs is a urgent problem in clinical field. Current imaging techniques are ineffective for early detection of metastatic cancer. Molecular expression profiles are not suitable for early diagnosis and prediction of cancer metastasis due to tumor-specificity and heterogeneity. Here, a self-functionalised nanosensor has been created to detect metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) that can serve as a universal marker for diagnosis, prediction and prognosis of tumor metastasis. This study is the first to design a probe that can provide both the diagnostic and predictive signature of cancer metastasis at a single cellular stage, which holds immense potential in early diagnosis and patient prognosis improvement.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rupa Haldavnekar, Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: Cancer diagnosis and determining tissue of origin are crucial for personalized medicine. Existing diagnostic techniques have limitations, but circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and cancer stem cell-ctDNA can overcome these challenges. Quantum superstructures offer ultra-sensitive detection of ctDNA and can effectively diagnose cancer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rupa Haldavnekar, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: The translation describes the importance of liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and how a new liquid biopsy using CSC EVs can provide a reliable solution. The research successfully demonstrated the molecular and functional profiling of CSC EVs using nanoengineered 3D sensors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deeptha Ishwar, Rupa Haldavnekar, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: In this study, the authors utilized a nickel based plasmonic spectroscopy system to measure metabolic differences in NK cells exposed to cancer cells, and proposed it as a method for cancer detection. Through machine learning, the features of NK cell activity in patient blood could accurately identify and localize cancer, providing feasibility for minimally invasive cancer diagnostics using circulating NK cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ashok Kumar Dhinakaran, Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: Nanomedicine has great potential in effectively tackling cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study comprehensively reveals the complex uptake mechanism of nanoparticles in CSCs, and successfully controls the uptake pathway by tuning the surface functional groups on Quantum probes. These findings open up new possibilities for the next generation of broad-spectrum CSC nanomedicine.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Srilakshmi Premachandran, Rupa Haldavnekar, Sunit Das, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: Brain cancers are fatal malignancies that are difficult to diagnose using conventional methods. In this study, a liquid biopsy-based deep surveillance using a small amount of blood serum was attempted, and it was found that analyzing the serum comprehensively can provide detailed information with high accuracy in detecting and predicting brain tumors. This approach has the potential to complement current brain cancer diagnostic methodologies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ashok Kumar Dhinakaran, Priya Dharmalingam, Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Sunit Das, Bo Tan
Summary: This study highlights the potential of T cells as diagnostic markers for glioblastoma. By studying the phenotypic and immunological changes in T cells, two clinically validated biomarkers, GBMAT and GSCAT, were established. These biomarkers demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing GBM, and were further validated using a machine learning algorithm.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anish Hiresha Verma, Swarna Ganesh, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: This study used ultra-small gold nanoparticles as a nanoscale probe to demethylate the genomic DNA of cancer stem cells, leading to their reprogramming into cancer cells. The results showed a significant decrease in genetic and phenotypic stemness as well as cell cycle quiescence of lung cancer stem cells. This research opens up new avenues for effective anti-cancer treatments and precision nanomedicine.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anish Hiresha Verma, Rupa Haldavnekar, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of a 3D-silica nanostructured extracellular matrix for rapid reprogramming (RR) of tumor cells into cancer stem cells (CSCs) and in situ monitoring. The results show enhanced expressions of surface and epigenetic biomarkers, as well as the dual functionality of photodynamic monitoring.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
D. Ishwar, S. Ganesh, R. Haldavnekar, K. Venkatakrishnan, B. Tan
Summary: Despite efforts to accelerate clearance, substantial amounts of nanomaterials remain in the cell, causing cellular disturbances and hindering reliable invitro diagnosis. This study presents a metab-olizable organic carbon probe that can track and monitor its breakdown in lysosomes for cancer diagnosis. The probes are stable in fluids and degrade within a week in cancer cells, demonstrating excellent Raman signals and fluorescence properties. Experimental evidence of self-metabolization is provided, and the probes successfully discriminate between breast cancer and lung cancer.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Swarna Ganesh, Priya Dharmalingam, Sunit Das, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: Lung cancer is a common and deadly disease, and accurate diagnosis of cancerous lesions is a challenge due to the lack of sensitive biomarkers. In this study, researchers developed an ultrasensitive nanosensor to detect specific immune-diagnostic signatures and achieved highly accurate diagnosis of lung cancer using T cells. This research shows the potential of immune diagnosis as a clinical technology for cancer management.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deeptha Ishwar, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan, Rupa Haldavnekar
Summary: This study revealed the potential use of DNA genomic modifications in NK cells as diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer (CRC). The CRC-specific methylation signatures were identified using Raman spectroscopy and a machine learning algorithm was utilized to develop a diagnostic model that accurately differentiated CRC patients from normal controls.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Swarna Ganesh, Ashok Kumar Dhinakaran, Priyatha Premnath, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the limitations of current diagnostic techniques and the need for rapid and accurate systems. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a promising noninvasive technique for rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. By combining the multiplexing capability of SERS with the sensitivity of novel nanostructures, this technique can detect whole virus particles and infection-associated antibodies.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
