Article
Food Science & Technology
Hua Wei, Xiaohong Lin, Liu Liu, Xichun Peng
Summary: Flaxseed polysaccharides (FPs) inhibit obesity by promoting lipid metabolism through altering the expression of key genes in colonic epithelial tissues (CETs).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Linna Zhou, Carlos Ruiz-Puig, Brittany-Amber Jacobs, Xiaoyue Han, Richard Lisle, Hagan Bayley, Xin Lu
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of collagen tubes with designed shapes using lipid bilayer supported droplet networks, which can produce a variety of tubular GI tissues including human intestinal organoids and fibroblast-containing structures. The versatility of this technique allows the construction of tubular GI tracts containing ECM and layered structures, with broad potential applications in disease research and regenerative medicine.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umi Kalsum Hussain Zaki, Christos Fryganas, Laura Trijsburg, Edith J. M. Feskens, Edoardo Capuano
Summary: This study assessed the influence of fermentation and germination as well as particle size on the bioaccessibility of lignans from flaxseed. It found that fermented flaxseed had the highest bioaccessibility of secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and that particle size also significantly affected lignan bioaccessibility. In the colon, fermented flaxseed had the highest SECO release, while lignan conversion in tea brew was relatively high.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang Wu, Gem Johnson, Fujie Zhao, Yin Wu, Guojun Zhao, Andrew Brown, Shaojin You, Ming-Hui Zou, Ping Song
Summary: The study found that hApoE2 rats had the lowest body weight and white fat mass, with higher levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein. ApoE KO rats also showed elevated levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C&VLDL-C. More severe atherosclerotic lesions were only detected in the aortic roots of hApoE2 and ApoE KO rats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karolina Sieron, Katarzyna Knapik, Grzegorz Onik, Ewa Romuk, Ewa Birkner, Sebastian Kwiatek, Aleksander Sieron
Summary: The study assessed the influence of electromagnetic fields on prooxidative and antioxidative balances in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. Exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields led to significant disturbances in oxidative stress, while antioxidant activity varied in different parts of the digestive system.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiaopeng Qin, Fan Yang, Haohe Sun, Xiao Yu, Qianchun Deng, Yashu Chen, Fenghong Huang, Fang Geng, Xiaoqiao Tang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of microwave treatment on the physicochemical stability and gastrointestinal digestion of oil bodies (OBs) in flaxseed milk. Microwave treatment slightly weakened the physical stability of flaxseed milk, but no phase separation was observed during 21 days of storage. The OBs in flaxseed milk underwent encapsulation and embedding by storage protein-gum polysaccharide complex, resulting in lower viscoelasticity. During digestion, the OBs experienced interface collapse, lipolysis, micellar absorption, and faster transport of chylomicrons in rats. The remodeling of OBs interface facilitated the accumulation and conversion of α-linolenic acid in the jejunal tissue.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuang Ding, Wen Qi, Qi Xu, Tianyang Zhao, Xu Li, Jianli Yin, Ruxuan Zhang, Chuanyi Huo, Liting Zhou, Lin Ye
Summary: The study revealed that DEHP exposure may affect lipid metabolism in adolescents by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, particularly showing significant associations with compounds like MECPP, MCMHP, and n-ary DEHP levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jun Han, Peijie Wu, Yueqiang Wen, Chao Liu, Xinglong Liu, Huan Tao, Fenghua Zhang, Xiaodan Zhang, Qiaobo Ye, Tao Shen, Xiaofeng Chen, Han Yu
Summary: This study found that Zhuyu pill (ZYP) has a significant anti-cholestatic effect by regulating bile metabolism and lipid metabolism related pathways.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wafaa Lounis, Khadidja Kessas, Zehor Chouari, Imene Benyettou, Abdenour Boumechhour, Faiza Chaib, Seghir Hadjadj Aoul, Gerard Lizard, Omar Kharoubi
Summary: This study examines the potential neuroprotective effects of flaxseed oil (FSO) on the brain activity of rat pups sired by females intoxicated with aluminum (Al). FSO, a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, is found to have neuroprotective effects on the developing rat brains, correcting and ameliorating the abnormalities brought on by aluminum toxicity. The study includes neurobehavioral experiments, evaluation of prooxidant parameters and neurotransmitter activity, and lipid composition analysis of the brain membrane.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dailson Nogueira de Souza, Caio Jordao Teixeira, Vanessa Barbosa Veronesi, Gilson Masahiro Murata, Junia Carolina Santos-Silva, Fernanda Ballerini Hecht, Julia Modesto Vicente, Silvana Bordin, Gabriel Forato Anhe
Summary: The male offspring born and breastfed by mothers treated with dexamethasone during pregnancy displayed reduced adiposity, lower circulating triacylglycerol levels in the fed-state, and decreased expression of specific genes in the jejunum. These findings suggest that reduced fat absorption by the jejunum may contribute to the lower adiposity observed in the adult offspring.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elissa Elia, David Brownell, Stephane Chabaud, Stephane Bolduc
Summary: This passage discusses the similarities between the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, which both consist of hollow structures that rely on muscle contractions to facilitate the flow of materials. It describes the anatomy, pathologies, and treatments of these organs, with a particular emphasis on tissue engineering strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoling Liu, Jun Hu, Bende Liu
Summary: The level of blood lipids is closely related to the clinical and pathological characteristics of GIST patients. Blood lipid indexes can be helpful for distinguishing benign and malignant GIST.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shulin Liu, Xue Wang, Yinhao Li, Binlin Shi, Xiaoyu Guo, Yanli Zhao, Sumei Yan
Summary: The study showed that adding flaxseed grain is more effective than flaxseed oil in improving the blood lipid profiles of cashmere goats and reducing lipid deposition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alba Tamargo, Natalia Molinero, Julian J. Reinosa, Victor Alcolea-Rodriguez, Raquel Portela, Miguel A. Banares, Jose F. Fernandez, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
Summary: Microplastics are a recognized global problem due to their presence in natural environments and the food chain. This study found that microplastics not only have an impact on human microbiota, but also undergo biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract. The researchers observed that microplastics alter the composition of the human colonic microbial community, and hypothesized that some members of the microbiota adhere to the surface of microplastics, promoting the formation of biofilms. Considering the increasing exposure to microplastics in consumer products, it is important to investigate the effects of plastics on gut microbiome functionality and their potential degradation by intestinal bacteria.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chun-Yue Weng, Mo-Han Zhu, Ke-Lei Dai, Zhe-Yan Mi, Yuan-Shan Wang, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Yu-Guo Zheng
Summary: Acarbose is an effective anti-diabetic drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, and has been shown to have beneficial effects on blood sugar control. This study investigated the gene expression changes in acarbose-treated rat kidneys, identifying 130 significantly differentially expressed genes and highlighting improvements in lipid metabolism pathways, potentially through increasing HDL levels via LCAT. Overall, the findings suggest that acarbose may not only protect the kidney, but also alleviate complications in CKD patients.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bartosz Fotschki, Katarzyna Ognik, Joanna Fotschki, Dorota Napiorkowska, Ewelina Cholewinska, Magdalena Krauze, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: The study investigated the effects of chromium supplementation and switching dietary habits on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats. The combination of chromium nanoparticles and dietary changes showed the strongest reduction in fat content and cholesterol in the liver. This combination also had favorable antioxidative effects. Supplementation with chromium nanoparticles alone also improved lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, although to a lesser extent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bartosz Fotschki, Ewelina Cholewinska, Katarzyna Ognik, Michal Sojka, Joanna Milala, Joanna Fotschki, Wieslaw Wiczkowski, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: The required amount of berry polyphenols for health benefits is difficult to achieve through fresh fruit consumption, suggesting polyphenol-rich extracts as a dietary alternative. This study fed rats high-fat diets supplemented with 0.1 or 0.3% raspberry polyphenols and found that the higher dose of extract had more noticeable health-promoting effects, including reduced white adipose tissue weight, hepatic triglyceride content, and plasma IL-6 concentration, as well as increased acetic acid concentration in the cecal digesta. The enhanced content of ellagitannin and anthocyanin metabolites in the blood plasma of rats administered the high dose extract may partially explain these effects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ewelina Cholewinska, Aleksandra Marzec, Przemyslaw Solek, Bartosz Fotschki, Piotr Listos, Katarzyna Ognik, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of dietary fibre (cellulose, inulin, pectin, and psyllium) in combination with recommended or enhanced levels of CuNPs on selected biological parameters of intestinal integrity in rats. The results showed that replacing CuCO3 with CuNPs in the diet reduced lactic acid and apoptosis markers levels in the small intestine, but it also increased DNA oxidation. Inulin had the most beneficial effect on DNA repair mechanisms, while pectin had the highest ability to inhibit inflammatory processes and apoptotic cell death in the small intestine. These findings suggest that dietary fibre supplementation can protect the small intestine against oxidative effects of CuNPs by enhancing the intestinal barrier.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Cendrowska-Pinkosz, Magdalena Krauze, Jerzy Juskiewicz, Bartosz Fotschki, Katarzyna Ognik
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different forms and dosages of copper on neurodegenerative markers in the brain and jejunum. The experiment involved feeding male Wistar rats a rat diet with two CuCO3 dosages and two CuNP dosages. Nanoparticles reduced the level of GAChE, increased the levels of AChE and LRP1, and decreased β-amyloid and Tau protein in both the brain and intestine of rats. The highest levels of beneficial markers and lowest levels of toxic markers were observed in rats receiving a standard dose of Cu.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michal Majewski, Leszek Gromadzinski, Ewelina Cholewinska, Katarzyna Ognik, Bartosz Fotschki, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fiber supplementation with different types of nanoparticles on the cardiovascular system in rats. The results showed that compared to pectin, inulin and psyllium supplementation with a standard dose of copper nanoparticles improved antioxidant capacity and reduced heart malondialdehyde levels. Furthermore, with an enhanced dose of copper nanoparticles, inulin and psyllium enhanced vasodilation through up-regulation of COX-2-derived vasodilator prostanoids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jerzy Juskiewicz, Katarzyna Ognik, Joanna Fotschki, Dorota Napiorkowska, Ewelina Cholewinska, Katarzyna Grzelak-Blaszczyk, Magdalena Krauze, Bartosz Fotschki
Summary: This study assessed the changes in faecal microbial activity in obese rats fed high-fat or low-fat diets supplemented with different forms of chromium. The results showed that switching from a high-fat to a low-fat diet had beneficial effects, and supplementing with chromium nanoparticles further modulated microbial activity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bartosz Fotschki, Michal Sojka, Monika Kosmala, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: Previous studies have shown that dietary supplementation with prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) and polyphenols can alleviate disorders related to the early stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This experiment aimed to investigate whether raspberry polyphenols together with FOSs can regulate advanced-stage NAFLD in genetically obese Zucker rats. The results showed that the addition of FOSs and raspberry polyphenolic extract to the diet reduced liver fat accumulation, improved antioxidant potential, lowered plasma enzyme activities, and increased insulin sensitivity. These effects may be attributed to the upregulation of specific receptors in the liver responsible for regulating lipid metabolism and glucose and bile acid synthesis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bartosz Fotschki, Katarzyna Ognik, Ewelina Cholewinska, Katarzyna Grzelak-Blaszczyk, Kamil Myszczynski, Magdalena Krauze, Jerzy Juskiewicz
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with chromium nanoparticles (Cr-NPs) on the gut microenvironment in rats fed a high-fat diet. The results showed that Cr-NPs mainly acted by altering the activity of gut microbiota, leading to decreased concentration of short-chain fatty acids and increased level of cecal lithocholic acid. Switching to a low-fat diet had a more significant impact on obesity-related disorders, improving microbial activity, composition, and the production of short-chain fatty acids.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Janusz Strychalski, Dorota Kowalska, Slawomir Grinholc, Jerzy Juskiewicz, Bartosz Fotschki, Andrzej Gugolek
Summary: The study found that dietary supplementation with black cumin seed meal had no significant impact on the growth performance of rabbits but reduced coccidia oocyst counts in adult rabbit feces. It also decreased the presence of putrefactive compounds and intestinal viscosity, as well as increased liver weight and plasma albumin levels.
ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)