Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Innocent Chingombe, Munyaradzi P. Mapingure, Shirish Balachandra, Tendayi N. Chipango, Fiona Gambanga, Angela Mushavi, Tsitsi Apollo, Chutima Suraratdecha, John H. Rogers, Leala Ruangtragool, Elizabeth Gonese, Godfrey N. Musuka, Owen M. Mugurungi, Tiffany G. Harris
Summary: A cross-sectional evaluation in 2017 estimated the annual average patient cost for accessing PMTCT and ART services in Zimbabwe, impacting household income due to the costs incurred despite these services being supposed to be free.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Helga Elineema Naburi, Phares Mujinja, Charles Kilewo, Gunnel Biberfeld, Till Barnighausen, Karim Manji, Goodluck Lyatuu, Roseline Urrio, Niklas Zethraeus, Nicola Orsini, Anna Mia Ekstrom
Summary: Early and appropriate antenatal care (ANC) is crucial for preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in Tanzania. Research shows that the risk of mother-to-child transmission decreases with the number of ANC visits, with potential cost-saving implications. However, many pregnant women living with HIV in Dar es Salaam initiate ANC late and fail to adhere to the recommended minimum number of visits, highlighting the need for improved ANC attendance.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Seema Vyas, Lameck B. Luwanda, Lorna Guinness, Deborah Kajoka, Prosper Njau, Jenny Renju, Farida Hassan, Alison Wringe
Summary: The study estimated the costs of Option B+ for HIV-infected pregnant women in 12 facilities in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. The average cost per testing episode was US$5.49, the average cost per HIV case detected was US$503.29, and the average cost of neonatal HIV care was US$90.09. The results highlight the need for context-specific cost information for budgeting and planning.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sunniva Marie Nydal, Yuda Munyaw, Johan N. Bruun, Arne Broch Brantsaeter
Summary: This study highlights the urgent need to improve follow-up of HIV-exposed children, enhance documentation in registries and records, and facilitate linkage between these data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Palittiya Sintusek, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Yong Poovorawan
Summary: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant global health burden, but it can be prevented with antiviral treatment, immunoprophylaxis, and timely vaccination. Cesarean section and breastfeeding avoidance may be options for high-risk mothers, but more evidence is needed. Screening and effective strategies should be considered for worldwide application.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Calvin Q. Pan, Erhei Dai, Zhongping Duan, Guorong Han, Wenjing Zhao, Yuming Wang, Huaihong Zhang, Baoshen Zhu, Hongxiu Jiang, Shuqin Zhang, Xiaohu Zhang, Huaibin Zou, Xiuli Chen, Yu Chen
Summary: The study found that infants exposed to TDF during fetal development had normal physical growth, bone mineral density, and neurodevelopment at 192 weeks of age, demonstrating the long-term safety of maternal TDF therapy for preventing hepatitis B transmission.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dulce Osorio, Isabelle Munyangaju, Edy Nacarapa, Argentina Muhiwa, Amancio Vicente Nhangave, Jose Manuel Ramos
Summary: The study in rural Mozambique identified independent risk factors for mother-to-child HIV transmission, including gestational age at first visit, non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy, high viral load, and female sex of the neonate. High viral load and non-adherence to therapy were particularly important predictors of transmission.
Article
Immunology
Goodluck Willey Lyatuu, Roseline Urrio, Helga Naburi, Peter Lyaruu, Brenda Simba, Hellen Siril, Emmanuel Philipo, Lameck Machumi, Ayoub Kibao, Deborah Kajoka, Mukome Nyamhagatta, David Sando, Gunnel Biberfeld, Nicola Orsini, Charles Kilewo, Anna Mia Ekstrom
Summary: This study evaluated vertical HIV transmission and its determinants among women on lifelong ART in Tanzania. The results showed that provision of lifelong ART reduced the risk of vertical transmission to less than 2%, but improvements are needed in timely HIV diagnosis, ART uptake, and follow-up for prevention of transmission.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elizabeth T. Knippler, Rimel N. Mwamba, Jessica N. Coleman, Brandon A. Knettel, Linda M. Minja, Godfrey A. Kisigo, James S. Ngocho, Cody Cichowitz, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Melissa H. Watt
Summary: Research found that most pregnant women living with HIV have positive attitudes towards pregnancy, which are associated with levels of partner support, time since HIV diagnosis, and number of children.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Rebeca Cristina de Oliveira, Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim, Claudia Maria Gaspardo, Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a personalized remote video feedback parenting program in improving mother-child interactions and child behavior outcomes between mothers of children with behavior problems and those without. The sample consisted of 60 mothers and their 2-to-6-year-old children, including 19 children with behavior problems and 41 without. The Strengthening Bonds program included a group session and remote personalized video feedback for six weeks. The results showed that the mother-child interaction pattern improved in the group with behavior problems, particularly in the teaching dimension.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Goodluck W. Lyatuu, Shally Z. Mwashemele, Roseline Urrio, Helga Naburi, Nassir Kashmir, Lameck Machumi, Ayoub Kibao, Ziada Sellah, Nzovu Ulenga, Nicola Orsini, Gunnel Biberfeld, Charles Kilewo, Anna Mia Ekstrom
Summary: The study analyzed long-term virological outcomes in women enrolled on option B+ in Tanzania, finding high rates of viral suppression among women who remained in HIV care. However, younger women, those starting PMTCT late in pregnancy, and women who did not undergo couples HIV testing had an increased risk of virological failure.
Review
Microbiology
Carolina Rosadas, Graham P. Taylor
Summary: This systematic review examined interventions to prevent HTLV-1 mother-to-child transmission and found that avoiding breastfeeding is an effective strategy with a transmission prevention rate of 85%. It is currently recommended in several countries and regions.
Article
Pediatrics
Roya Chegene Lorestani, Mosayeb Rostamian, Alisha Akya, Shahab Rezaeian, Mandana Afsharian, Reza Habibi, Arezoo Bozorgomid, Narges Kazemisafa, Somayeh Jafari, Soliman Yeilaghi, Mansour Mohammad Salehi, Hiva Namdari, Keyghobad Ghadiri
Summary: This study evaluated the implementation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program for HIV-positive mothers in Kermanshah, Iran from 2014 to 2021. Data of HIV-infected mothers and their infants were extracted and recorded. The results suggest the feasibility and effectiveness of the PMTCT program for HIV-positive mothers in Kermanshah.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Yuhuan Liu, Yulan Zhang, Lin Pang
Summary: This article analyzes the factors related to mother-to-child transmission of AIDS and evaluates the blocking measures. The experimental results show that antidrug treatment is effective in reducing mother-to-child transmission.
COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jie Wang, Wenbin Dong
Summary: This article analyzes the possible vertical transmission path of the new coronavirus in the perinatal period of pregnant women and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). The study found evidence of vertical transmission, with placental transmission being the most likely route. The article recommends early surveillance methods for vertical transmission and provides recommendations in labor management, neonatal management, infection prevention and control, and vaccination. The risk of possible vertical transmission is 5.7% (75/1314), and personal protection, isolation, disinfection, and vaccination are key interventions.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daniele Trevisanuto, Gary Weiner, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Gaetano Azzimonti, John Bosco Nsubuga, Sithembiso Velaphi, Amir Hussein Abubacar Seni, Thorkild Tylleskar, Giovanni Putoto
Summary: The COVID-19 epidemic, which originated in Hubei province in China, is rapidly spreading worldwide. There is limited literature on the effects of COVID-19 on neonates and guidelines differ among neonatal societies globally. This perspective aims to provide practical support for the care of infants born to mothers with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in low-resource settings.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Nancy Birungi, Lars Thore Fadnes, Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv Engebretsen, James Kashugyera Tumwine, Stein Atle Lie, Anne Nordrehaug Astrom
Summary: This study assessed the caries experience in Ugandan mothers based on HIV status, socio-behavioural characteristics, and gingival bleeding, finding a higher prevalence in HIV-1 infected mothers increasing with age and gingival bleeding. The intra-class correlation (ICC) indicated that 54% of the variance was due to individual differences, and socio-demographic disparities in dental caries were not dependent on HIV-1 status.
ACTA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anne Hatloy, Silondile Luthuli, Vaughn John, Lyn Haskins, Sphindile Mapumulo, Paulin Mutombo, Thorkild Tylleskar, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen, Christiane Horwood, Mala Ali Mapatano
Summary: Partnerships between Higher Education Institutions in the global South and North have the potential to strengthen public health research capacity in low-resource countries. The North-South-South partnership presented successful experiences in establishing a postgraduate program in nutritional epidemiology in the DRC, highlighting the importance of networking, enhancing learning, and achieving academic growth for all participants. Challenges such as co-facilitation, research dissemination, and sustainability were identified, but the overall benefits of such partnerships for skills development in public health research were emphasized.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Vilde K. Hjellbakk, Hailu Hailemariam, Fikadu Reta, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen
Summary: This study revealed poor dietary diversity and nutritional status among hospitalised children in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Many children were suffering from malnutrition, highlighting the need for focused interventions to improve clinical nutrition patterns.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siri Kaldenbach, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen, Lyn Haskins, Catherine Conolly, Christiane Horwood
Summary: South Africa faces a high prevalence of stunting and obesity in both children and adults, affecting health and economic development. A study in KwaZulu-Natal revealed a significant increase in stunting and obesity rates in infants between birth and 6 months, along with a high percentage of overweight and obese mothers. Improvement in health worker training and early detection of malnutrition are crucial in combating these issues.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Branly Kilola Mbunga, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen, Tor A. Strand, Elin L. F. Gjengdal, Pierre Z. Akilimali, Mina M. Langfjord, Pierrot L. Tugirimana, Mala Ali Mapatano
Summary: Prevalence of zinc and selenium deficiencies is high among children under five in Popokabaka, Democratic Republic of Congo. These deficiencies may be associated with inflammation and linear growth.
Article
Rehabilitation
Christine Henriksen Oedegaard, Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv Engrebretsen, Marius Veseth, Anne Blindheim, Brynjulf Stige
Summary: This study explores the perspectives of healthcare workers on the challenges and possibilities of music therapy within medication-free services for people with psychotic disorders. The study reveals that music therapy offers treatment flexibility and acceptability, but also presents prioritization dilemmas and challenges when ending therapy. There is potential for improvement in implementing music therapy into existing healthcare teams.
NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Emil Graff Ramsli, Ane-Marthe Solheim Skar, Vilde Skylstad, Disa Sjoblom, Zenona Gread, Wayomi Chiong, Ingunn Marie S. Engebretsen
Summary: This study explores the discrepancies in reporting child maltreatment and emotional health between caregivers and children in the Philippines before and after the piloting of the International Child Development Program (ICDP). The findings suggest that children reported higher rates of maltreatment before the intervention, but not after. This highlights the different perspectives of children and caregivers on maltreatment and the positive effect of ICDP on parenting.
JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Martin Chebet, David Mukunya, Kathy Burgoine, Melf-Jakob Kuehl, Duolao Wang, Antonieta Medina-Lara, Eric Brian Faragher, Amos Odiit, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv Engebretsen, John Baptist Waniaye, Julius Wandabwa, Thorkild Tylleskaer, Andrew Weeks
Summary: This trial aims to evaluate if providing alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) to pregnant women can prevent severe infections in infants. The study will be conducted in eastern Uganda with a total of 5932 pregnant women. The intervention group will receive six litres of ABHR and training, and follow-up visits will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.
Article
Pediatrics
Faustin Nd. Kitetele, Wenche Dageid, Gilbert M. Lelo, Cathy E. Akele, Patricia V. M. Lelo, Patricia L. Nyembo, Thorkild Tylleskar, Esperance Kashala-Abotnes
Summary: This study describes a model for HIV status disclosure in which HIV-positive children/adolescents are informed about their diagnosis by young peers under healthcare worker supervision in a hospital in Kinshasa, DRC. The involvement of peers in the disclosure process resulted in fewer depressive symptoms, better drug adherence, and higher survival rates among the children/adolescents. This approach plays an important role in ensuring treatment adherence, resilience, and mental well-being of HIV-infected children/adolescents.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joyce Sserunjogi Nalugya, Vilde Skylstad, Juliet N. Babirye, Andrew Sentoogo Ssemata, Grace Ndeezi, Paul Bangirana, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen, Noeline Nakasujja
Summary: The study found that school-age children in Uganda have easy access to and use of AOD. Several factors contribute to alcohol and other drug use among children, including availability and accessibility, advertising, lack of parental awareness and supervision, peer influence, adverse childhood experiences, socioeconomic factors, and cultural norms. There is a need for multi-sectoral action to raise awareness of childhood AOD use and to deliberately consider children in the planning, design, and implementation of research, policies, and programs for prevention and early intervention.
Article
Substance Abuse
Harriet Aber-Odonga, Fred Nuwaha, Esther Kisaakye, Ingunn Marie S. Engebretsen, Juliet Ndimwibo Babirye
Summary: There is a lack of readiness in healthcare facilities in Mbale, Uganda, to effectively screen, diagnose, and manage substance use disorders. Improved management of human and other resources is necessary in this setting to enhance facility readiness.
SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Theogene Habumugisha, Ingunn Marie Stadskleiv Engebretsen, Inger Elisabeth Maren, Carl Walter Matthias Kaiser, Jutta Dierkes
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that reducing meat and/or dairy consumption has no significant impact on protein intake, anthropometric values, and body composition.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Henriette K. Helland, Thorkild Tylleskaer, Monika Kvernenes, Hakon Reikvam
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the transition to digital education on medical students at the University of Bergen. It focused on students' motivation, experience of learning outcomes, and fear of missing out on important learning. The findings showed that students were generally unhappy with the quality of teaching, particularly in clinical skills.
Article
Pediatrics
Marten Larsson, Susanna Myrnerts Hook, Allan Mpamize, Thorkild Tylleskar, Clare Lubulwa, Daniele Trevisanuto, Kristina Elfving, Nicolas J. Pejovic
Summary: This study measured SpO(2) and heart rate during neonatal resuscitation and compared the results with AHA targets. The findings suggest that a considerable proportion of neonates resuscitated with PPV failed to reach the AHA SpO(2) target, indicating a potential increased risk of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. Further research is needed to evaluate baseline data and determine the optimal SpO(2) levels during PPV in low-resource settings.
BMJ PAEDIATRICS OPEN
(2022)