Article
Neurosciences
Robert J. Morecraft, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Roger N. Lemon, Karunesh Ganguly, Warren G. Darling
Summary: High-resolution anterograde tracers and stereology were used to study the terminal organization of the corticospinal projection (CSP) from the rostral portion of the primary motor cortex (M1r) to spinal levels C5-T1. Most of this projection (90%) terminated contralaterally within laminae V-IX, with the densest distribution in lamina VII. The findings demonstrate that the M1r CSP influences both distal and proximal/axial-related spinal targets.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Arianna D. Cascone, Stephanie Langella, Miriam Sklerov, Eran Dayan
Summary: The study by Arianna Cascone et al. on Parkinson's disease (PD) investigates the relationship between frontoparietal brain network resilience and cognitive decline. Their findings suggest that individuals with PD and cognitive decline show reduced tolerance to network attacks in the frontoparietal network. The study demonstrates that the topological robustness of the frontoparietal network is associated with the absence of cognitive decline in individuals with PD.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alastair J. Kirby, Thomas Palmer, Richard J. Mead, Ronaldo M. Ichiyama, Samit Chakrabarty
Summary: This study quantified the survival of alpha-MNs and gamma-MNs in the spinal cord segments of SOD1(G93A) mice and observed a caudal-rostral progression of alpha-MN and corticospinal tract degeneration. This suggests that alpha-MNs and the corticospinal pathway in the lumbar spinal cord are more susceptible to degeneration in SOD1(G93A) mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Riho Nakajima, Masashi Kinoshita, Hirokazu Okita, Harumichi Shinohara, Mitsutoshi Nakada
Summary: This study investigated the function of the right Frontal Aslant Tract (FAT) by dividing it into three segments, finding that the posterior segment is related to acute phase motor function. Although the middle segment is also involved in motor function, it does not show the same significance level as the posterior segment. The findings suggest that the right FAT can be further subdivided into anterior, middle, and posterior segments for more detailed functional analysis.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wei Xie, Yongqiang Shu, Xiang Liu, Kunyao Li, Panmei Li, Linghong Kong, Pengfei Yu, Ling Huang, Ting Long, Li Zeng, Haijun Li, Dechang Peng
Summary: This study explored the alterations in spontaneous brain activity in obstructive sleep apnea patients using percent amplitude of fluctuation (PerAF) and found that abnormal activity in specific brain areas may be associated with cognitive impairment.
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jin Wang, Brianna L. Yamasaki, Yael Weiss, James R. Booth
Summary: The study examined brain specialization in 7- to 8-year-old children for phonological and semantic processing, finding linguistic specialization in both the temporal and frontal lobes. The left posterior dorsal inferior frontal gyrus showed greater activation for phonological processing, while the left anterior ventral inferior frontal gyrus and posterior middle temporal gyrus showed greater activation for semantic processing.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kevin Agyemang, Anna Rose, Mustafa El Sheikh, Mutiu Asha, Emanuela Molinari, Natasha E. E. Fullerton, David Brennan, Athanasios Grivas
Summary: Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a temporary disturbance in voluntary movement and speech production that occurs after injury to the medial premotor area. We describe two cases of SMA syndrome following surgical injury to the frontal aslant tract (FAT) with intact SMA. The clinical presentation and fMRI activation patterns during recovery were consistent with SMA syndrome, supporting the theory that FAT is a critical bundle in SMA complex function.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Tetsushi Yamagata, Ikuo Ogiwara, Tetsuya Tatsukawa, Toshimitsu Suzuki, Yuka Otsuka, Nao Imaeda, Emi Mazaki, Ikuyo Inoue, Natsuko Tokonami, Yurina Hibi, Shigeyoshi Itohara, Kazuhiro Yamakawa, Michelle Antoine
Summary: The expressions of voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.1 and Nav1.2 are mutually exclusive in most brain regions. In the neocortex, Nav1.1 is expressed in inhibitory neurons while Nav1.2 is expressed in excitatory neurons. A subpopulation of neocortical excitatory neurons in layer V also express Nav1.1, but their characteristics are unknown. In the hippocampus, Nav1.1 is only expressed in inhibitory neurons. These findings have implications for understanding diseases related to SCN1A and SCN2A mutations, such as epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Giampiccolo, Lawrence P. Binding, Lorenzo Caciagli, Roman Rodionov, Chris Foulon, Jane de Tisi, Alejandro Granados, Roisin Finn, Debayan Dasgupta, Fenglai Xiao, Beate Diehl, Emma Torzillo, Jan Van Dijk, Peter N. Taylor, Matthias Koepp, Andrew W. McEvoy, Sallie Baxendale, Fahmida Chowdhury, John S. Duncan, Anna Miserocchi
Summary: Around 50% of patients experience seizure freedom after frontal lobe surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy, but only about 30% maintain long-term seizure freedom. Early seizure recurrence may result from incomplete removal of the epileptogenic lesion, while delayed recurrence can still happen after complete excision. This suggests the presence of a common epileptogenic network that facilitates seizures in both nearby and distant dormant epileptic foci. Our study indicates that dysfunction within the thalamic and striatal networks may contribute to epileptogenesis, and disconnection of cortico-thalamostriatal pathways may underpin long-term seizure freedom.
Article
Neurosciences
Kozue Takada, Takuya Yamaguchi, Yuko Hyuga, Yuto Mitsuno, Satoshi Horiguchi, Masako Kinoshita, Takeshi Satow
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical features of bimanual movement impairment in a patient following surgery for a frontal lobe tumor. The results showed that resection of the frontal lobe can cause transient impairment of in-phase bimanual movement, and auditory cueing can improve bimanual movement performance.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Firdaus Fabrice Hannanu, Bernadette Naegele, Marc Hommel, Alexandre Krainik, Olivier Detante, Assia Jaillard
Summary: The impairment of the ipsilateral hand after stroke is associated with cumulative white matter disruption in both ipsilateral and contralesional tracts, influenced by task-related processes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura E. Ramos-Languren, Alberto Avila-Luna, Gabriela Garcia-Diaz, Roberto Rodriguez-Labrada, Yaimee Vazquez-Mojena, Carmen Parra-Cid, Sergio Montes, Antonio Bueno-Nava, Rigoberto Gonzalez-Pina
Summary: Brain injury leads to excitatory and inhibitory phases in the brain. Through experiments with rats, it was found that cortical injury may lead to remote pontine inhibition mediated by lipid peroxidation, while functional recovery may result from restoration of the pontine GLN-GLU-GABA cycle.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shai Sabbah, Michael S. Worden, Dimitrios D. Laniado, David M. Berson, Jerome N. Sanes
Summary: Studies with experimental animals have found a neural pathway connecting intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) that is involved in mood disorders. This study aimed to investigate whether a similar pathway exists in humans. Functional MRI analysis revealed activation in 26 human brain regions that either decreased or increased monotonically with light intensity, including regions related to visual image formation, motor control, cognition, and emotion. PFC activation was suppressed by light, decreasing monotonically with increasing light intensity. The sustained time course and susceptibility to prior light exposure of light-evoked PFC responses resembled those of ipRGCs. These findings provide a functional link between light exposure and PFC-mediated cognitive and affective phenomena.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Clive H. Y. Wong, Jiao Liu, Tatia M. C. Lee, Jing Tao, Alex W. K. Wong, Bolton K. H. Chau, Lidian Chen, Chetwyn C. H. Chan
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processing speed using different modalities and task rules in attention tasks. The findings suggest that long-range connections might be related to cognitive control, while short-range connections are associated with rule-based stimulus-response processes. This revealed neural network indicates that automaticity, task rules, and effortful top-down attentional control contribute to cognitive speed.
Review
Neurosciences
Michael K. Yeung
Summary: This article provides a systematic review of fNIRS studies on brain function in children and adolescents, evaluating methodological aspects such as research design, experimental paradigm, fNIRS measurement, data preprocessing, statistical analysis, and result presentation. It also includes a qualitative synthesis of study findings on the effects of age and other factors on changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Marc A. Pizzimenti, Nicholas Pantazis, Alexander Sandra, Darren S. Hoffmann, Susan Lenoch, Kristi J. Ferguson
ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Morecraft, J. Ge, K. S. Stilwell-Morecraft, D. W. McNeal, S. M. Hynes, M. A. Pizzimenti, D. L. Rotella, W. G. Darling
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Diane L. Rotella, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Robert J. Morecraft
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Robert J. Morecraft, Jizhi Ge, Kim S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Diane L. Rotella, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Warren G. Darling
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2020)
Correction
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Clayton R. Peterson, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kathryn Solon, David W. McNeal, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
Summary: The study found that recovery of the impaired hand in rhesus monkeys following neurosurgical lesions to the arm/hand representations of primary motor cortex was closely associated with volume and percentage of lesion to caudal M1, with severe non-use requiring extensive injury to both M1c and S1r. Assessing peri-Rolandic injury extent in stroke patients may have prognostic value for predicting susceptibility to reduced use and non-use in rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti, Xiaoliu Zhang, Jessica E. Goetz, Punam K. Saha
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martine Dunnwald, Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti