Article
Food Science & Technology
Silvia Marzocchi, Maria Cristina Messia, Emanuele Marconi, Maria Fiorenza Caboni, Federica Pasini
Summary: Currently, whole grains are obtained by adding bran and middlings to refined flours, resulting in variations in the ratio of endosperm, bran, and germ. This study identifies specific lipid markers in different debranning fractions of Italian and Canadian durum wheat blends, which have high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, and sterols. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, tocopherol isomers, and total sterols could be useful biomarkers for evaluating the grain-to-tissue ratio in recombined flours.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alessandro Cammerata, Barbara Laddomada, Francesco Milano, Francesco Camerlengo, Marco Bonarrigo, Stefania Masci, Francesco Sestili
Summary: This study characterized bran-enriched durum wheat milling fractions using micronization and air-classification technology, showing potential health benefits and supporting their use in durum-based foods for improved quality and safety.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Valentina Di Nardo, Elisa De Arcangelis, Maria Cristina Messia, Stefania Ruggeri, Emanuele Marconi
Summary: This study used durum wheat debranning fractions (fine and coarse bran) as an ingredient in whole-meal spaghetti formulation to investigate their chemical-nutritional characteristics, specifically folate levels and sensory properties. The experimental pasta had higher folate content (40.5 μg/100 g) than commercial whole-meal pasta (28.3 μg/100 g), meeting the health claim requirements for folate (Reg. EU 432/2012) and dietary fiber nutritional claim. After cooking, pasta formulated with coarse bran retained 80% of folate and received good sensory acceptability. This suggests that whole-meal pasta formulated with folate-rich debranning fractions can serve as a natural functional food, potentially improving population health when integrated into the diet.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alessandro Cammerata, Francesco Sestili, Barbara Laddomada, Gabriella Aureli
Summary: The study developed an upgraded micronization plant and a modified air-classification plant to produce novel types of durum wheat milling fractions enriched in health-promoting components. Results indicate the ability of the novel pilot plants to produce several types of less refined milling fractions beneficial for human health.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Cecilie T. Vangsoe, Estelle Bonnin, Maud Joseph-Aime, Luc Saulnier, Virginie Neugnot-Roux, Knud E. Bach Knudsen
Summary: The study showed that the addition of carbohydrase complexes can enhance the digestibility of cereal co-products, especially in wheat fractions. Enrichment with xylanases and arabinofuranosidases further boosted this effect.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Per Snell, Mark Wilkinson, Gavin J. Taylor, Stephen Hall, Shrikant Sharma, Nick Sirijovski, Mats Hansson, Peter R. Shewry, Per Hofvander, Asa Grimberg
Summary: This study characterized grains and flours from field-grown transgenic wheat expressing AsWRI1 gene. The results showed that the developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat grains had increased triacylglycerol content and decreased starch content. Additionally, mature AsWRI1-wheat grains were lighter, wrinkled, and had a shrunken endosperm. The flour fractions from AsWRI1-wheat were contaminated with bran due to the effects of the changed morphology on milling.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yudai Shioji, Takuma Kobayashi, Takuya Yoshida, Tomoka Otagiri, Keita Onoda, Yasukiyo Yoshioka, Tatsuya Sasada, Noriyuki Miyoshi
Summary: Research shows that both dried and raw spirulina diets have lower digestibility coefficients but higher biological values in Wistar rats as compared to the casein diet. The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score of raw spirulina is significantly higher than that of dried spirulina, indicating their potential as effective protein and amino acid supplements. Additionally, amino acid profiling of blood in spirulina-fed rats suggests a positive impact on protein/amino acid bioavailability.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Donatella Bianca Maria Ficco, Michele Canale, Virgilio Giannone, Maria Concetta Strano, Maria Allegra, Silvia Zingale, Alfio Spina
Summary: Enriching semolina bread with prebiotic ingredients like beta-glucans can have health benefits. This study investigated the effects of adding varying amounts of thin bran or barley flour to wheat semolina bread. The results showed that the inclusion of barley flour or thin bran increased water absorption and dough stability, but also increased dough development time. The specific volume and hardness of the bread decreased, while beta-glucan levels increased. The study concludes that barley flour or thin bran have potential as ingredients to increase beta-glucan intake, but further research is needed for improved quality features.
Article
Agronomy
Omar Kherif, Benalia Haddad, Fatma-Zohra Bouras, Mounir Seghouani, Bahia Zemmouri, Ramzi Gamouh, Nadia Hamzaoui, Amira Larbi, Nazih-Yacer Rebouh, Mourad Latati
Summary: This study examines the interactions between water and nitrogen use efficiency in cereal-legume intercropping systems. The results show that intercropping significantly increases the leaf area index and grain yield, but decreases grain yield compared to monoculture. Moderate nitrogen application enhances grain yield and protein accumulation in mixed crops. Intercropping advantages in biomass and nitrogen acquisition are confirmed under low and moderate nitrogen applications.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mikolaj Antoni Gralak, Iwona Lasocka, Maria Leontowicz, Hanna Leontowicz, Piotr Latocha, Shela Gorinstein
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of different cultivars of Actinidia arguta on the bioavailability of mineral elements and the mineral profile of rats fed atherogenic diets enriched with kiwiberries. The results showed that the addition of kiwiberries in the diet increased the liver iron content but decreased the bioavailability of manganese, zinc, and copper. This effect may be related to the bioactive compounds present in kiwiberries.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ana Ramalho Ribeiro, Goreti Botelho, Ana Gaspar, Rui Costa
Summary: The study found that enriching durum wheat pasta with 1% of seaweed powder during storage effectively increased its nutritional value without affecting the sensory characteristics of the pasta samples.
Article
Agronomy
Amina Messaoudi, Fatiha Labdelli, Nazih Y. Rebouh, Malika Djerbaoui, Dmitry E. Kucher, Salah Hadjout, Walid Ouaret, Olga A. Zakharova, Mourad Latati
Summary: There is limited scientific knowledge on the specific effects of potassium fertilization on durum wheat characteristics under Mediterranean conditions in Algeria. This study aims to provide crucial information on mineral nutrition for durum wheat farmers and researchers in similar areas.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yue Sun, Jinli Zhang, Hui Zhang, Hanxue Hou
Summary: The protective effects of whole wheat flour steamed bread (WWF) and aleurone-enriched wheat flour steamed bread (AWF) on gut microbiota and metabolomic disorders were investigated in long-term high-fat diet (HFD) mice. The results showed that AWF and WWF significantly improved dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress, and damage in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, both AWF and WWF had positive effects on gut microbiota and hepatic metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xianglan Jiang, Rongrong Pan
Summary: A simple and sensitive LC-tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the determination of LNP023 in rat plasma. The method showed low clearance and high bioavailability of LNP023 in rat plasma, and identified four minor metabolites with their metabolic pathways.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Binh T. T. Tran, Timothy R. Cavagnaro, Jason A. Able, Stephanie J. Watts-Williams
Summary: The research found that soil phosphorus fertilization greatly decreased the bioavailability of micronutrients in durum wheat, but arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance the bioavailability of micronutrients. Variety selection and AM fungal inoculation are important considerations for growing more nutritious durum wheat crops.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pedro Mena, Claudia Favari, Animesh Acharjee, Saisakul Chernbumroong, Letizia Bresciani, Claudio Curti, Furio Brighenti, Christian Heiss, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Daniele Del Rio
Summary: This study aims to investigate the inter-individual variability in the metabolism of flavan-3-ol metabolites, defining different metabotypes through various data pre-treatment and clustering methods. The validation and robustness of urinary metabotypes in flavan-3-ol metabolism were confirmed, providing a step towards understanding the individual differences in this metabolism.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Di Pede, Pedro Mena, Letizia Bresciani, Tahani M. Almutairi, Daniele Del Rio, Michael N. Clifford, Alan Crozier
Summary: Understanding the fate of ingested polyphenols is important for understanding the benefits of a fruit and vegetable-based diet. This review focuses on the transformation of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins by colon microbiota, as well as the metabolism of theaflavins and gut microbiota catabolites. Analytical challenges and strategies are discussed.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Di Pede, Pedro Mena, Letizia Bresciani, Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventos, Mariem Achour, Ramon Estruch, Rikard Landberg, Sabine E. Kulling, David Wishart, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Alan Crozier, Claudine Manach, Daniele Del Rio
Summary: This systematic review summarizes human studies on the absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion of dietary flavan-3-ols and their metabolites. Forty-nine intervention studies were included, and up to 180 metabolites were quantified in blood and urine samples after flavan-3-ol intake. The main compounds detected were phase 2 conjugates of microbial catabolites, with phenyl-gamma-valerolactones being the most representative ones. The bioavailability of flavan-3-ols was moderate, and it showed intra- and inter-source differences.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier I. Ottaviani, Reedmond Y. Fong, Gina Borges, Jennifer Kimball, Jodi L. Ensunsa, Valentina Medici, L. Kirsty Pourshahidi, Emma Kane, Karen Ward, Rebecca Durkan, Sara Dobani, Roger Lawther, Gloria O'Connor, Chris I. R. Gill, Hagen Schroeter, Alan Crozier
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the interactions between flavan-3-ols and methylxanthines by evaluating the specific contributions of theobromine and caffeine on flavan-3-ol bioavailability. The results demonstrated a differential effect of caffeine and theobromine on modulating flavan-3-ol bioavailability when co-ingested with bioactives. These findings are important for optimizing current dietary recommendations for flavan-3-ol intake.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gema Pereira-Caro, Tahani M. Almutairi, Salud Caceres-Jimenez, Jose Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Dalia Malkova, Ada L. Garcia, Alan Crozier
Summary: This study investigated the impact of beta-glucan-rich oat bran on the bioavailability of orange juice flavanones. Volunteers consumed orange juice with and without oat bran, and the urine samples were analyzed for flavanone metabolites and colon-derived phenolic catabolites. The results showed a significant reduction in the excretion of flavanone metabolites and an increase in the excretion of phenolic catabolites after consuming oat bran, indicating that oat bran increased the passage of flavanones into the lower bowel.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beatrice Biasini, Alice Rosi, Francesca Scazzina, Davide Menozzi
Summary: This study aimed to explain and predict the intention to follow a sustainable diet and its adoption in Italy. The theory of planned behavior was used to develop an online survey, and the results showed significant associations between attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control with both intention and behavior assessments. The applied TPB models explained behavioral intention at most (78%) and suggested interventions to encourage virtuous food consumption habits in Italy.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rossella Dodi, Giuseppe Di Pede, Cecilia Scarpa, Valeria Deon, Margherita Dall'Asta, Francesca Scazzina
Summary: The rate of starch digestion in the human intestine determines the glycemic response and glycemic index (GI) of foods. In vitro measurement of starch digestibility can reflect the GI. This study evaluated the differences in starch digestibility among different types of pasta, couscous, and bread to understand the impact of pasta-making processes. Statistical differences in rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS) were found among the products. The results confirmed that pasta-making processes increase the content of SDS, which contributes to a lower glycemic response in vivo.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mia Marchini, Maria Paciulli, Lorenza Broccardo, Maria Grazia Tuccio, Francesca Scazzina, Martina Cirlini, Eleonora Carini
Summary: This study aimed to develop high-quality flatbreads for low-income countries by using composite flours from climate-resilient crops. Three flatbread prototypes were chosen based on the best features and they showed lower rapidly digestible starch, higher resistant starch, higher phenolic content, and higher antioxidant activity compared to the control. One of the prototypes was perceived to be as acceptable as the control for texture and flavour properties. Overall, the use of composite flour from climate-resilient crops was proven to be an efficient strategy to obtain high-quality flatbread.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Cinzia Franchini, Beatrice Biasini, Alice Rosi, Francesca Scazzina
Summary: Among universities' responsibilities, addressing sustainability-related issues by enabling a food environment which raises people's awareness and promotes the improvement of food offer and consumption is paramount. This article draws on recent literature evidence and virtuous examples provided by leading experts, with the purpose of outlining a conceptual model for fostering healthy and sustainable nutrition among the academic community through food services.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rungsaran Wongprawmas, Giulia Andreani, Cinzia Franchini, Beatrice Biasini, Alice Rosi, Irina Dolgopolova, Jutta Roosen, Davide Menozzi, Miguel I. Gomez, Francesca Scazzina, Cristina Mora, Giovanni Sogari
Summary: The study examines the effects of different nudges on university students' food choices in the online pre-ordering system of university canteens. The results show that dish placement significantly increases the selection of healthy and sustainable dishes. Combining different nudges can positively influence students who already have strong sustainable and healthy eating behaviors.
FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Salud Caceres-Jimenez, Raquel Rodriguez-Solana, Sara Dobani, Kirsty Pourshahidi, Chris Gill, Joseï Manuel Moreno-Rojas, Tahani M. Almutairi, Alan Crozier, Gema Pereira-Caro
Summary: After consuming 300 g of mango puree, the urine and plasma samples of 10 subjects were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The study identified or tentatively identified a total of 94 microbial-derived phenolic catabolites in the biological samples. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the UHPLC-HRMS protocol and the use of authentic standards in studying the metabolites of mango polyphenols in human bioavailability.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tony Y. Y. Momma, Gunter G. C. Kuhnle, Reedmond Y. Y. Fong, Jodi L. L. Ensunsa, Alan Crozier, Hagen Schroeter, Javier I. I. Ottaviani
Summary: This study discovers that a type of human protein called PON is involved in the metabolism of flavan-3-ols. It is found that PON can rapidly convert one metabolite, & gamma;VL, into its corresponding metabolite, & gamma;VA, and can also react with other flavan-3-ol metabolites. The study also reveals that common PON gene polymorphisms have a minor contribution to the level differences of & gamma;VL metabolites, but do not affect their use as nutritional biomarkers.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cinzia Franchini, Carole Bartolotto, Francesca Scazzina, Catherine L. Carpenter, Wendelin Slusser
Summary: Creating a decision-making environment that promotes sustainable food choices is important. This study found that changing the order of menu ingredients based on carbon footprint values influenced students' choices, with low-carbon options being more likely to be selected.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio Costa-Perez, Vanesa Nunez-Gomez, Nieves Baenas, Giuseppe Di Pede, Mariem Achour, Claudine Manach, Pedro Mena, Daniele Del Rio, Cristina Garcia-Viguera, Diego A. Moreno, Raul Dominguez-Perles
Summary: This systematic review summarizes the findings of human studies on the metabolism and bioavailability of glucosinolates (GSL) and isothiocyanates (ITC), providing a comprehensive analysis for future research and consultation on this less studied area of GSL for food and health.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jananee Muralidharan, Cindy Romain, Letizia Bresciani, Pedro Mena, Donato Angelino, Daniele Del Rio, Linda H. Chung, Pedro E. Alcaraz, Julien Cases
Summary: This study evaluated the nutrikinetics and bioavailability of a flavanone-rich product, Sinetrol (R) Xpur, in overweight and obese individuals. The results showed that while urinary excretion of metabolites decreased significantly over 16 weeks, there was no significant decrease in circulating metabolites. This suggests that chronic intake may not offer the same bioavailability as acute intake.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Risso, Gillian Dunngalvin, Sameer Saxena, Andrea Doolan, Lisa Spence, Kavita Karnik
Summary: This study investigated the gastrointestinal tolerance of low-calorie sugar D-allulose in young children and found that it was well tolerated. It can be considered as a candidate for replacing added sugars with lower caloric content in commercially produced goods.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinying Suo, Anna Baggio, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Silvia Vincenzetti, Elena Vittadini
Summary: This study investigated the effects of shape, gluten, and structural breakdown on the starch digestibility and glycemic index of gluten-containing and gluten-free pasta. The results showed that mastication effort, shape, and gluten content had significant impacts on starch digestion and glycemic index, with gluten being the major factor affecting the amount of digested starch.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinnuo Hu, Yanjun Yang, Cuihua Chang, Junhua Li, Yujie Su, Luping Gu
Summary: Fish collagen was enzymatically hydrolyzed using alkaline, papain, and ginger protease. The addition of ginger protease increased the degree of hydrolysis and resulted in changes in the amino acid composition and molecular weight distribution of the peptides. Combined hydrolysis with ginger protease improved the ACE inhibitory activity of the sample but affected fibroblast proliferation activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Nie, Xin Wang, Aqun Li, Anshan Shan, Jun Ma
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism by which hesperidin prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by modulating fatty acid beta oxidation. The results suggest that hesperidin promotes fatty acid beta oxidation by activating SIRT1/PGC1 alpha, thus improving NAFLD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Li, Jing Zhao, Jinxue Wang, Qianqian Xiong, Xuechun Lin, Xiaolei Guo, Fan Peng, Wangqun Liang, Xuezhi Zuo, Chenjiang Ying
Summary: The daily administration of 10 g d-1 inulin-type fructans significantly reduced the circulating arsenic retention in end-stage renal disease by increasing the arsenic clearance rate through urine and dialysis. However, it was found to be ineffective for other trace elements.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuanchuan Wang, Weixuan Chen, Yishan Jiang, Xiao Xiao, Qianhui Zou, Jiarui Liang, Yu Zhao, Qianxu Wang, Tian Yuan, Rui Guo, Xuebo Liu, Zhigang Liu
Summary: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms may be improved through modulation of gut microbiota. This study investigated the effects of a synbiotic treatment on an ASD-like mouse model, and found that it rectified social impairments, attenuated inflammatory cytokine expressions, protected gut barrier integrity, and altered gut microbiota composition. The synbiotic treatment elevated beneficial metabolites and upregulated genes associated with their synthesis. Overall, the synbiotic combination mitigated ASD-related social impairments through regulation of the gut-brain axis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunli Kong, Caiping Duan, Yixuan Zhang, Yiying Wang, Zheng Yan, Sumei Zhou
Summary: This review critically discusses the physicochemical properties of bioactive molecules in kidney beans and focuses on the current knowledge of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) structure and function on intestinal health and metabolism. It also provides suggestions for further investigation and development of NSPs as novel plant carbohydrate resources.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fei Shen, Qianqian Wang, Sami Ullah, Ya Pan, Minjie Zhao, Jing Wang, Ming Chen, Fengqin Feng, Hao Zhong
Summary: This study investigated the peristalsis-promoting potential of Ligilactobacillus acidipiscis YJ5 and its underlying molecular mechanism in relieving constipation. The results showed that L. acidipiscis YJ5 intervention increased intestinal peristalsis in zebrafish and mouse models, reduced colonic aquaporin expression, repaired intestinal morphological damage, enhanced the colonic mucosal barrier, and reversed the gut microbiota structure. The positive effects of L. acidipiscis YJ5 were attributed to its metabolites such as malic acid and heliangin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuo Qu, Jiahui Tian, Jiachen Sun, Ying Shi, Jianqiang Yu, Wannian Zhang, Chunlin Zhuang
Summary: Smoking is the main risk factor for lung cancer, but garlic oil compound DATS shows potential as a chemopreventive agent. DATS can inhibit the carcinogenic effects of tobacco and regulate gut microbiota, as well as activate the PPAR-gamma pathway to suppress tumor growth.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanli Zhang, Jielun Hu, Yadong Zhong, Shuai Liu, Liandi Liu, Xinyi Mu, Chunhua Chen, Shenji Yang, Guohao Li, Duoduo Zhang, Xinru Huang, Jinrui Yang, Xiaojun Huang, Shuigen Bian, Shaoping Nie
Summary: The study found that different ratios of insoluble and soluble dietary fiber have distinct effects on gut microbiota and serum metabolites. Increasing the ratio of insoluble dietary fiber increases the relative abundance and acid production of specific bacterial genera, while increasing the ratio of soluble dietary fiber increases the diversity and relative abundance of other bacterial genera and regulates metabolic pathways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Enhui Tang, Tong Hu, Zhaokang Jiang, Xiaojun Shen, Huan Lin, Haiyan Xian, Xinlan Wu
Summary: Isoquercitrin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage in mice by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappa B signaling pathway and modulating the intestinal flora.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nesma A. Abd Elrazik, Sahar A. Helmy
Summary: This study found that betanin, the major pigment in red beetroot, has a protective effect against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The protective effect may be attributed to the attenuation of the NLRP3/IL-1 beta/TGF-beta 1 signaling pathway and the suppression of the EMT process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sha Li, Longchen Shang, Yuanyuan Chen, Rong Song, Jing Li, Bin Li
Summary: A new form of konjac fiber was prepared that could instantly expand in contact with digestive fluid, inhibiting the digestion of food. The digestion regulation ability of the fiber was influenced by the freezing temperature used during preparation, with the fiber prepared at -20 degrees C showing the best performance in delaying gastric emptying and preventing intestinal starch hydrolysis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xian Xia, Jiangdong Li, Rui Liang, Yi Li, Xiaojuan Ma, Ying Yang, Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo
Summary: This study aimed to reduce the allergenicity of ovomucoid through unfolding-assisted glycation. The results showed that maltose glycation effectively reduced the IgG-binding capacity of the allergen. Unfolded and glycated ovomucoid exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and metal ion chelating ability.
