3D optical coherence tomography: new insights into the process of optimal rewiring of side branches during bifurcational stenting

Aims: We describe three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (3D-OCT) guided bifurcation stenting and the clinical utility of 3D-OCT. Methods and results: Twenty-two consecutive patients who underwent OCT examination to confirm the recrossing position after stent implantation in a bifurcation lesion were enrolled. Frequency domain OCT images were obtained to check the recrossing position and 3D reconstructions were performed off-line. The recrossing position was clearly visualised in 18/22 (81.8%) cases. In 13 cases, serial 3D-OCT could be assessed both before and after final kissing balloon post-dilation (FKBD). We divided these cases into two groups according to the presence of the link between hoops at the carina: free carina type (n=7) and connecting to carina type (n=6). All free carina types complied with the distal rewiring. The percentage of incomplete stent apposition (%ISA) of free carina type at the bifurcation segment after FKBD was significantly smaller than that of the connecting to carina type (0.7 +/- 0.9% vs. 12.2 +/- 6.5%, p=0.0074). Conclusions: 3D-OCT confirmation of the recrossing into the jailed side branch is feasible during PCI and may help to achieve distal rewiring and favourable stent positioning against the side branch ostium, leading to reduction in ISA and potentially better clinical outcomes.