Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lin Di, Andrei Maiseyeu
Summary: The article summarizes the use of natural and synthetic LDL-based carriers for drug delivery and imaging, discussing various targeting mechanisms.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sandra Hummelgaard, Joachim Pold Vilstrup, Camilla Gustafsen, Simon Glerup, Kathrin Weyer
Summary: Lowering blood cholesterol levels is crucial for reducing the risk of ASCVD, and PCSK9 plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism. Inhibiting PCSK9 has been shown to effectively reduce cholesterol levels and mitigate the risk of ASCVD events.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Toshiyuki Nishikido, Kausik K. Ray
Summary: LDL cholesterol plays a key role in atherosclerosis progression, and statin therapy is recommended for reducing LDL-C levels and cardiovascular disease risk. For patients unable to achieve sufficient LDL-C reduction with statins or are statin-intolerant, PCSK9 inhibitors are an alternative treatment that significantly reduces LDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chiara Caselli, Raffaele De Caterina, Jeff M. Smit, Jonica Campolo, Mohammed El Mahdiui, Rosetta Ragusa, Alberto Clemente, Tiziana Sampietro, Aldo Clerico, Riccardo Liga, Gualtiero Pelosi, Silvia Rocchiccioli, Oberdan Parodi, Arthur Scholte, Jhuani Knuuti, Danilo Neglia
Summary: In patients with stable angina, high TG and low HDL-C levels, expressed by the TG/HDL-C ratio, independently predict coronary atherosclerotic disease outcomes. This association is related to various biomarkers, independent of LDL-C levels and treatments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Akshyaya Pradhan, Ravninder Kuka, Pravesh Vishwakarma, Wahid Ali, Marco Alfonso Perrone, Ferdinando Iellamo, Gaurav Chaudhary, Sharad Chandra, Rishi Sethi, Sudhanshu Dwivedi, Varun Narain, R. K. Saran
Summary: In ACS patients, age, sex, diabetes, smoking, and the severity of coronary artery disease did not significantly affect sd-LDL levels. However, prior statin usage was associated with lower sd-LDL levels, and diabetic patients had higher sd-LDL/lb-LDL ratios.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Passarella, Maurizio Ronci, Valentina Di Liberto, Mariachiara Zuccarini, Giuseppa Mudo, Carola Porcile, Monica Frinchi, Patrizia Di Iorio, Henning Ulrich, Claudio Russo
Summary: Recent studies have found that cerebral cholesterol formation is primarily controlled by astrocytes, which synthesize cholesterol and deliver it to neurons and oligodendrocytes through specific lipoprotein receptors. Various proteins and carbohydrates modulate the cholesterol shuttle, affecting lipoprotein receptor activity, function, and signaling. Purine receptors, particularly subtypes P2Y(2), P2X(7), and A(2A), play a role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Niemann-Pick C diseases by regulating brain cholesterol homeostasis. The precise mechanisms of these interactions are not well understood, but further research in the cholesterol-purine reciprocal control is warranted.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jamal S. Rana, Salim S. Virani, Howard H. Moffet, Jennifer Y. Liu, Landis A. Coghlan, Jitesh Vasadia, Christie M. Ballantyne, Andrew J. Karter
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the association between outpatient LDL-C testing and subsequent statin adherence and intensification in patients after an ASCVD event. The results showed that LDL-C testing was associated with improved statin adherence and higher rates of treatment intensification.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jagadish Ramasamy, Victoria Job, Thenmozhi Mani, Molly Jacob
Summary: The study found that LDL-C values calculated using the modified formula showed better agreement with directly measured values and had less bias and percentage total error than those calculated using the Friedewald formula. However, the total percentage error of LDL-C values calculated using the modified formula exceeded the recommended limit.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jing Cao, Alan T. Remaley, Weihua Guan, Sridevi Devaraj, Michael Y. Tsai
Summary: In a multi-ethnic USA population, LDLMartin and LDLSampson did not over- or under-estimate ASCVD risk compared to LDLFriedewald in primary prevention according to AHA/ACC guidelines, while LDLFriedewald under-estimated subclinical ASCVD risk in the low-risk population. These findings support the replacement of LDLFriedewald by LDLMartin or LDLSampson for lipid screen in the general population.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jin-Kai Wang, Yang Li, Xiao-Lu Zhao, Yuan-Bin Liu, Jing Tan, Yu-Ying Xing, Dilare Adi, Yong-Tao Wang, Zhen-Yan Fu, Yi-Tong Ma, Song-Mei Liu, Yong Liu, Yan Wang, Xiong-Jie Shi, Xiao-Yi Lu, Bao-Liang Song, Jie Luo
Summary: This study demonstrates that prekallikrein (PK) regulates circulating cholesterol levels by binding to LDL receptor (LDLR) and inducing its lysosomal degradation. Genetic depletion of Klkb1 increases hepatic LDLR and decreases circulating cholesterol, thus slowing the progression of atherosclerosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xianfeng Wu, Lei Zhou, Xiaojiang Zhan, Yueqiang Wen, Xiaoyang Wang, Xiaoran Feng, Niansong Wang, Fenfen Peng, Junnan Wu
Summary: Low and high levels of LDL-C in dialysis patients are associated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Malnutrition may modify the association between LDL-C and cardiovascular mortality.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sylvi Irawati, Johanna E. Emmens, Stijn de Vos, Jens H. J. Bos, Rudolf A. de Boer, Eelko Hak
Summary: The study found that statin adherence (PDC) is associated with LDL-c response to statins, with a possible interaction with sex.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Gao, Kaixin Du, Jinhua Liang, Yi Xia, Jiazhu Wu, Yue Li, Bihui Pan, Li Wang, Jianyong Li, Wei Xu
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of cholesterol levels in CLL and develop a prognostic nomogram that incorporates lipid metabolism. The results showed that lower cholesterol levels at diagnosis were associated with worse prognosis, and post-therapeutic elevation of cholesterol levels correlated with better survival. Therefore, cholesterol profiles can be used as a cheap and readily accessible tool for predicting prognosis in CLL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacek Jasiecki, Monika Targonska, Anna Janaszak-Jasiecka, Magdalena Chmara, Monika Zuk, Leszek Kalinowski, Krzysztof Waleron, Bartosz Wasag
Summary: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study developed a single-cell, kinetic, fluorescent LDL uptake assay to analyze the function of LDLR gene variants. It also established a human cell line with LDLR deficiency and a reporter system for studying LDLR gene transcriptional regulation, which can aid in drug testing for atherosclerosis therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Victoria Higgins, Lawrence A. Leiter, Sarah R. Delaney, Daniel R. Beriault
Summary: The study validated the superiority of the NIH LDL-C equation over the Friedewald equation, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and/or low LDL-C. The NIH equation showed a stronger correlation with ultracentrifugation LDL-C and improved accuracy after applying restriction criteria, making it a more reliable choice for lipid management in clinical practice.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rafael Pepineli, Alexandre C. Santana, Filipe M. O. Silva, Thauany M. Tavoni, Noedir A. G. Stolf, Irene L. Noronha, Raul C. Maranhao
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of lipid core nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel (LDE-PTX) on rat aortic allograft from immunological damage. Results showed that LDE-PTX effectively prevented vasculopathy associated with rejection, offering a potent therapeutic tool for post-transplantation.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Days Oliveira-Andrade, Fatima Freitas, Franciana Aguiar, Ana Luiza Mansor, Luciana Cosenso-Martin, Doroteia R. Souza, Raul C. Maranhao, Jose F. Vilela-Martin
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Flavio Roberto Cavalleiro de Macedo Ribeiro, Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo Ribeiro, Thauany Martins Tavoni, Erica dos Santos Sarges, Fatima Rodrigues Freitas, Noedir Antonio Groppo Stolf, Roberto Kalil Filho, Raul Cavalcante Maranhao
Summary: The study aimed to investigate cholesterol transfers in patients with PAD with or without T2DM. Results showed that the transfer of unesterified cholesterol was lower in PAD + DM compared to PAD and controls, indicating that impaired HDL metabolism may contribute to the higher incidence of PAD in patients with T2DM.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Renier S. Pires, Pedro G. S. Braga, Juliana M. B. Santos, Jonatas B. Amaral, Gislene R. Amirato, Caio S. Trettel, Carlos A. F. Dos Santos, Mauro Vaisberg, Luis H. S. Nali, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Raul C. Maranhao, Tania C. Pithon-Curi, Marcelo P. Barros, Andre L. L. Bachi
Summary: The study found that supplementation with glutamine (Gln) can increase glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, regardless of whether individuals are physically active or sedentary, but only physically active individuals showed increased PON-1 activity. These results demonstrate the potential of Gln supplementation in maintaining vascular redox balance, with potential implications for protection against atherogenesis.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Edmundo Luis Rodrigues Pereira, Danielle Cristinne Azevedo Feio, Joao Pojucan Lobo Tavares, Natalia Megumi Morikawa, Debora Fernandes Deus, Carolina Graziani Vital, Elaine Rufo Tavares, Raul Cavalcante Maranhao
Summary: This study investigated the in vivo uptake of lipid nanoparticles (LDE) by human cerebral tumors. Results showed that LDE can concentrate in brain malignant tumors and may be used to carry drugs directed against those tumors.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Maria G. Lang, Carmen G. C. Vinagre, Eloisa Bonfa, Fatima R. Freitas, Sandra G. Pasoto, Tatiane S. Brito, Luciana P. C. Seguro, Raul C. Maranhao, Eduardo F. Borba
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) promotes the transfer of unesterified cholesterol, leading to increased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This beneficial effect may contribute to the reduced atherosclerosis reported in SLE.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Filipe M. O. Silva, Priscila C. Carvalho, Elerson L. Costalonga, Rafael Pepineli, Raul Maranhao, Irene Noronha
Summary: The study found that paclitaxel carried in lipid core nanoparticles has a preventive effect on peritoneal fibrosis in rats, making it a potential candidate for future clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Carolina G. Vital, Raul C. Maranhao, Fatima R. Freitas, Brigitte M. Van Eyll, Silvia R. Graziani
Summary: The study found that LDE-PTX treatment reduced toxicities, relieved bone pain, and possibly prolonged progression-free survival in some patients. Further clinical investigation is warranted.
JOURNAL OF BONE ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria Carolina Guido, Natalia de Menezes Lopes, Camila Inagaki Albuquerque, Elaine Rufo Tavares, Leonardo Jensen, Priscila de Oliveira Carvalho, Thauany Martins Tavoni, Ricardo Ribeiro Dias, Lygia da Veiga Pereira, Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo, Raul Cavalcante Maranhao
Summary: In this study, it was found that LDEMTX treatment can prevent the development of aortic lesions in a murine model of Marfan syndrome. LDEMTX reduced inflammation and fibrosis, and lowered the expression of inflammatory factors. These findings suggest that LDEMTX may be a potential candidate for clinical studies.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dalila Pinheiro Leal, Gustavo Henrique Ferreira Goncalinho, Thauany Martins Tavoni, Karen Lika Kuwabara, Ana Paula Paccanaro, Fatima Rodrigues Freitas, Celia Maria Cassaro Strunz, Luiz Antonio Machado Cesar, Raul Cavalcante Maranhao, Antonio de Padua Mansur
Summary: This study demonstrated the association between energy restriction and atorvastatin treatment with changes in lipid profile, serum Sirt-1 concentrations, and HDL function.
Letter
Ophthalmology
Marcelo L. Occhiutto, Thais H. M. Passos, Fatima R. Freitas, Raul C. Maranhao, Vital P. Costa
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fabiana C. Juliani, Ana Paula M. Chacra, Marcio H. Miname, Wilson Salgado Filho, Marjorie H. Mizuta, Cinthia E. Jannes, Jose E. Krieger, Raul C. Maranhao, Raul D. Santos, Viviane Z. Rocha
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fabiana Cordeiro Juliani, Marcio Hiroshi Miname, Maria Helane Costa Gurgel Castelo, Ana Paula Marte Chacra, Wilson Salgado, Elaine dos Reis Coutinho, Cinthia Elim Jannes, Alexandre Pereira, Jose Eduardo Krieger, Raul Cavalcante Maranhao, Raul Santos, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
P. G. S. Braga, T. M. Tavoni, R. V. Baroni, M. J. N. N. Alves, G. A. Rocha, A. L. L. Bachi, C. E. Negrao, M. W. Vaisberg, R. C. Maranhao
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paulo Rizzo Genestreti, Fatima R. Freitas, Remo Furtado, Rocio Salsoso Rodriguez, Talia Dalcoquio, Thauany Tavoni, Carlos Nakashima, Aline Gehlen Ferrari, Raiza Colodetti, Fernando Menezes, Viviane Lima, Luciano Baracioli, Raul C. Maranhao, Jose Nicolau
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)